SOS Approach Communicative Approach Humanistic Approach Total Physical Response(TPR) Silent Way

1. Presented by,
Sabitha S. V.

2. An approach is “a set of assumptions dealing with the
nature of language teaching and learning”.

3. SOS APPROACH
The Structural-Oral-Situational approach (SOS).
It is a communication of certain aspect of the direct
method, oral and audio lingualism.
Structural Approach
This is also known as Structural-Situational Approach,
Structural-Oral –Situational Approach or Aural-Oral Approach.
“ Structural approach is a scientific study of fundamental
structures of English language, their analysis and logical
arrangement”
- Brewington

4. Advantages
1. It improves fluency of speech.
2. It makes students active.
3. It makes use of audio visual aids.
4. It discourages use of mother tongue.
5. It promotes the use of day to day English.
6. It emphasizes habit formation.
7. It helps learners acquire mastery of structures.
8. It focuses on all language skills.
9. It follows principle of interest.
10. It gives sufficient opportunity for expression.

5. Oral Approach
Oral approach is a teaching approach that gives
emphasis to its oral aspects. It is natural way of learning a
language.
Advantages
1. Skills of listening and speaking are developed.
2. Provides sound base- reading and writing.
3. Helps to use language fluently and correctly.
4. It facilitates instant correction.
5. It develops learner’s confidence to use the
target language.

6. Situational Approach
Situational approach is the language that is being
taught is realistic.
Characteristics
1. Meaningful interaction was created.
2. Language should be realistic.
3. Material are introduced orally.
4. New language points, words, sentences are
introduced from real/imagined real situations.
5. Mother tongue can be used.

7. Communicative Approach
Communicative language teaching, or the communicative
approach(CA), is an approach to language teaching that
emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate
goal of study.

8. Characteristics
1. Make all the learner attain communicative
competence.
2. Provides the communicative opportunities.
3. Based on the practical utility.
4. It makes use of real life situations.
5. Focus on function rather than form.

9. Humanistic Approach
The humanistic approaches to learning evolved
out of school environments.
As the term indicates these approaches have their
concern on the human being, much more than they have on
linguistic or pedagogic theories.

10. Characteristics
1. Meaningful communication is emphasized.
2. Pair and group work are emphasized.
3. There should be respect for both the teacher and
students and their feelings.
4. Teacher is like a counselor.
5. It is important for students to support each other.

11. Total Physical Response (TPR)
• Developed by James Asher.
• Based on the coordination of language and physical
movement.

12. Characteristics
1. Students should be more active and talk active.
2. The teacher and the students are the actors.
3. Learning language by gesture(body movements).
4. Listen learners monitor and evaluate their own
progress.
5. The coordination of speech and action.

13. Silent Way
• Developed by Caleb Gattegno.
• The teacher having very little to speak and the
students having to produce as much as possible in
the class.

14. Characteristics
1. Teacher should be silent as much as possible.
2. The silent way uses a structural syllabus.
3. Translation and repetition are avoided.
4. The choice of vocabulary is important.
5. Learners responsible for what they learn.