The document discusses various methods and approaches for teaching language, including the direct method, grammar-translation method, audio-lingual method, community language learning, suggestopedia, total physical response, communicative language teaching, the silent way, structural approach, communicative approach, situational approach, oral approach, and multi-skill approach. It also lists some techniques for teaching language such as listen and act, listen and say, listen and tell, find difference, and watch and say.

2. Presentation topic :
Methods of Language
Teaching
Method, Approach, Technique.
Class ma English
semester 4th
lecturer Ma’am HABIBA NAWAZ

3. Methods of language teaching
1) The Direct Method. 2) Grammar-translation.
3) Audio-lingual. 4) Community Language Learning.
5) Suggestopedia. 6) Total Physical Response. (TPR)
7) C L T 8) The Silent Way.

4. The Direct Method
 In this method the teaching is done entirely in the target language.
 The learner is not allowed to use his or her mother tongue.
 Grammar rules are avoided and there is emphasis on good pronunciation.

5. Grammar-translation
 Learning is largely by translation to and from the target language.
 Grammar rules are to be memorized and long lists of vocabulary learned by
heart.
 There is little or no emphasis placed on developing oral ability.

6. Audio-lingual
 The theory behind this method is that learning a language means acquiring
habits.
 There is much practice of dialogues of every situations.
 New language is first heard and extensively drilled before being seen in its
written form.

7. Suggestopedia
 The theory underlying this method is that a language can be acquired only when
the learner is receptive and has no mental blocks.
 By various methods it is suggested to the student that the language is easy and
in this way the mental blocks to learning are removed.

8. Total Physical Response (TPR)
 TPR works by having the learner respond to simple commands such as
"Stand up", "Close your book", "Go to the window and open it.“
 The method stresses the importance of aural comprehension.

9. Communicative language teaching (CLT)
 The focus of this method is to enable the learner to communicate effectively
and appropriately in the various situations she would be likely to find herself in.
 The content of CLT courses are functions such as inviting, suggesting,
complaining or notions such as the expression of time, quantity, location.

10. The Silent Way
 This is so called because the aim of the teacher is to say as little as
possible in order that the learner can be in control of what he wants to say.
 No use is made of the mother tongue.

11. Community Language Learning
 In this method attempts are made to build strong personal links
between the teacher and student so that there are no blocks to
learning.
 There is much talk in the mother tongue which is translated by the
teacher for repetition by the student.

12. Approaches of Language Teaching
1) Structural Approach 2) Communicative Approach
3) Situational Approach 4) Oral Approach
5) Multi-skill Approach

13. Structural Approach & Communicative Approach
 Sentence Structures are more important.
 Useful for lower classes
 Emphasis on speech & ample practice.
 Stresses habit formation.
 Learner active participant.
 Drill and repetitions are important.
 Develops speech habits of the students.
 Activities are important.
 Student Centered.
 Teacher is facilitator, manager, guide.
 No interference of grammar.
 Functional side of language is important.

14. Situational Approach & Oral Approach
 Situational language teaching is a term not commonly used
today, but it is an approach developed by British applied
linguists in the 1930s to the 1960s, and which had an impact on
language courses which survive in some still being used today.
(Richards & Rogers, 1986).

15.  The Oral Approach and Situational Language Teaching relied
on the structural view of language. Both speech and structure
were seen to be the basis of language and, especially,
speaking ability.

16. Multi-skill Approach
 Linguistic Skills are important.
 Individual Skill developed.
 Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing.
 Skill based activities.
 Lot of practice.
 Logical sequence in selection of skills.

17. Techniques of Teaching Language
 Listen and Act
 Listen and Say – Individual /
Group
 Listen and Tell
 Find difference
 Listen and tell in short
 Watch and say
 Watch and act
 Say and Act
 Find similarities
 Find out
 Watch and say – letters, words,
phrases, sentences, passages