3. Pile Foundation
A pile is either bored or driven into the ground to
load bearing substrata.
A pile can be made from prefabricated or in situ
concrete.
Either method can be used depending on the soil
type and load bearing capacity of it.
5. Strip Foundation
Most commonly used type of foundation used for
house build and small scale industrial buildings.
It’s the cheapest method of foundation.
It can be reinforced to increase its structural
properties.
It’s made from concrete.
7. Raft Foundation
Is a system used to support the load of the building
over a greater area.
It can be used on poor or unstable soils.
It’s an expensive method of forming a foundation.
It takes more concrete and reinforcing to construct.
9. Pad Foundation
Is an isolated foundation, used to support columns
or steel structures e.g. pylon legs.
They are relatively cheap to form.
They bolts embedded into them to connect the steal
columns to.
10. Concrete
Concrete is made from: sand, large aggregate
(crushed stone), cement and potable water.
It’s made be mixing 1 part cement to 2 parts sand
and 4 parts large aggregate or similar.
If the aggregate and sand are dry 5.5 litres of water
are used per 10 kilograms of cement.
However wet aggregate and sand will lead to less
water!
11. Activity
Sketch a reinforced pile foundation.
Sketch a strip foundation.
Calculate the volume of a strip foundation 24m long
by 600mm wide and 150mm deep. (show all
working)
Calculate the volume of a pad foundation 1.2m by
1.2m by 600mm deep.
Calculate the volume of a pad foundation 3.3m by
3.3m by 850mm deep.
