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नेतृत्व: सिद्धांत भधग II
(सथिसतपरक सिद्धांत)
Leadership: Theories Part II
(Situational Theory)
Dr. Rajesh Verma
Asst Professor in Psychology
FGM Govt. College Adampur, Hisar, Haryana
स्थिस्िपरक स्िद्धांि, दृस्िकोण यध उपधगम कध अिथ
पररसथिसत दृसिकोण को सथिसत की मधांगों के अनुिधर
व्यवहधर में अल्पकधसिक
पररवततन यध अनुकू िन द्वधरध पररभधसित सकयध जधतध है।
दूिरे शब्दों में यह एक प्रकधर कध व्यवहधररक िचीिधपन
होतध है जहधां एक व्यसि पररसथिसतयों िे उपजे िांके तों के
मधध्यम िे अपने व्यवहधर में पररवततन करतध है।
Meaning of Situational Approach
Situational approach is
characterized by short-term
behavioural modification or
adaptation in accordance with the
demands of the situation. In other
words it is behavioural flexibility
where an individual modifies her/his
behaviour by taking cues from the
situations.
पररस्थिस्ि स्िद्धांि, दृस्िकोण यध उपधगम
"लचीलेपन के िधि अनुकू लन" इि सिद्धांत में अांतसनतसहत
कें द्रीय घटक होतध है। इि सिद्धांत कध नधम डॉ पॉि हिी और
के नेि ब्िैंचडत (1969) के नधम पर रखध गयध है सजिे 'हिी-
ब्िैंचडत पररसथिसत नेतृत्व सिद्धांत' के नधम िे भी जधनध जधतध
है। पहिे पहि इि सिद्धांत को "नेिृत्व कध जीवन चक्र
स्िद्धांि" कहध जधतध िध। 1970 में इिकध नधम बदिकर
"पररस्थिस्ि नेिृत्व स्िद्धांि" रख सदयध गयध।
Situational Theory
“Adaptation with Flexibility” is
the inherent central ingredient of this
theory. It is also known as ‘Hersey-
Blanchard Situational Leadership
Theory” after the name of Dr. Paul
Hersey and Kenneth Blanchard
(1969). Earlier it was called as “Life
Cycle Theory of Leadership.” In1970 it
was renamed as “Situational Theory”.
पररसथिसतपरक नेतृत्व कध अित होतध है "िही िोगों
के सिए िही नेतृत्व शैिी चुननध," (ब्िैंचडत एांड हिी)। इस
ससद्धांत के अनुसधर सबसे अच्छी नेतृत्व
शैली वह होती है जो तधत्कधसलक
पररस्थिततयों के अनुरूप हो। यह ससद्धांत
पररस्थितत की जटिलतध को ध्यधन में रखते
हुए नेतृत्व शैली के चुनधव पर बल देतध है।
इस प्रकधर की शैली कध सबसे अच्छध
उदधहरण थपोर्ट्स िीम होती हैं जहधाँ पर तेज़ी
से बदलते घिनधक्रम के अनुसधर नेतृत्व
शैली कध चुनधव होतध है।
Situational leadership means
“choosing the right leadership style for
the right people,” (Blanchard &
Hersey). According to this theory the
best leadership style is that which suits
the immediate situations. This theory
considers the complexity of the
situation before deciding upon the
type of leadership to be practiced. The
best example is Sports Teams.
नेतृत्व शैली के चयन में भूसमकध
तनभधने वधले कधरक.
1. तधत्कधसलक कधय् तिध स्थितत की मधांग,
2. स्थितत से उत्पन्न सांके त,
3. समूह व्यवहधर एवां समूह कध आकधर,
4. सदथयों के बीच समन्वय कध थतर,
5. सदथयों की जरूरतें,
6. सदथयों और नेतध के बीच सांबां्,
7. कधय् की जटिलतध कध थतर,
8. नेतध कध सदथयों पर तनयांत्रण,
9. सदथयों की पररपक्वतध कध थतर, एवां
10. अनुयधतययों की क्षमतध और प्रततबद्तध
Factors Affecting Selection of Leadership Style
1. Task at hand & its complexity,
2. Cues emanating from the situation,
3. Group behaviour, size of the group &
demands of the situation,
4. Level of coordination among members &
their needs,
5. Relationship between members & leader
and maturity level of members,
6. Level of authority of the leader over the
group, and
7. Competence and commitment of the
followers etc.
पररस्थिस्िपरक नेिृत्व शैली की स्वशेषिधएां
1. अांतदृतसि – नेतध अपने अनुयधसययों की जरूरतों को िमझने में
िक्षम होनध चधसहए।
2. िचीिधपन – नेतध सथिसत के अनुिधर यिोसचत नेतृत्व शैिी को
चुनने में िक्षम होनध चधसहए।
3. भरोिध –नेतध में अनुयधसययों कध दृढ़ सवश्वधि होनध चधसहए।
4. िमथयध िमधधधन – नेतध एक प्रभधवी िमथयध िमधधधन करने
वधिध होनध चधसहए।
5. मूल्यधांकनकतधत – नेतध अपने अनुयधसययों की पररपक्वतध और
योग्यतध कध िटीक मूल्यधांकन करने में िक्षम होनध चधसहए।
Characteristics of Situational
Leadership style
1. Insight - The leader should be capable to
understand the needs of the followers.
2. Flexibility - They must be capable to move
between different types of leadership style.
3. Trust - The followers should have strong
faith in leader.
4. Problem solving - The leader must be a
effective problem solver.
5. Evaluator - The leader must be able to
evaluate the maturity and competence of the
followers.
लधभ
1. इि शैिी में िचीिधपन होने के कधरण, सवफितध की
िांभधवनध अपेक्षधकृ त कम होती है।
2. यह एक प्रकधर की शैिी िे होने वधिी ऊब पर कधबू पधने
में मदद करती है।
3. सकिी एक प्रकधर की नेतृत्व शैिी िे उत्पन कसमयों िे
सनपटने में मदद करती है।
4. यह शैिी नेतध को वधथतसवक िमय के आधधर पर िोचने
के सिए प्रेररत करती है क्योंसक प्रत्येक सथिसत असद्वतीय होती है।
5. उपयोग करने और अभ्यधि करने में यह शैिी आिधन
होती है।
Advantages
1. Being flexible, the chances of failure
are relatively lesser.
2. It helps in overcoming monotony of
the single leadership style.
3. Helps in dealing with the
shortcomings of single style approach.
4. Motivates the leader to think on real
time basis and acknowledge that each
situation is unique.
5. Easy to use and practice.
कस्मयधां
1. िमूह के तत्कधि िक्ष्यों और उदेश्यों पर अत्यसधक ध्यधन कें सद्रत
होने की वजह िे दीघतकधसिक िक्ष्यों पर अपेक्षधकृ त कम ध्यधन सदयध
जधतध है।
2. नेतृत्व-शैिी कध चयन नेतध के अविोकन और सनणतय पर सनभतर
करतध है जो व्यसिपरक हो िकतध है।
3. अनुयधसययों के पररपक्वतध थतर को मधपनध और उनकध िटीक
मूल्यधांकन करनध कधफी जसटि कधयत होतध है।
4. नेतृत्व-शैिी में सनरांतर बदिधव के कधरण व्यसि में नेतृत्व
िम्बन्धी सनपुणतध नहीं आ पधती है।
Disadvantages
1. Focuses on immediate goals and
objective of the group jeopardizing the long
term goals.
2. The selection of leadership style depends
upon the observation and judgment of the
leader that can be subjective.
3. Assessment and quantification of
maturity level of the followers is a complex
task.
4. Due to continuous shift in leadership
style the individual may not gain mastery in
leadership.
References:
1. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-the-
situational-theory-of-leadership-2795321.
2. https://online.stu.edu/articles/education/
what-is-situational-leadership.aspx.
3. Hersey P, Blanchard KH. Management of
Organizational Behavior— Utilizing Human
Resources. New Jersey/Prentice Hall; 1969.
4. Hersey P, Blanchard KH. Life Cycle Theory
of Leadership. Training and Development
Journal. 1969;23(5):26–34.
5. https://bizfluent.com/info-7851680-
situational-leadership-pro-cons.html
अगलध व्यधख्यधन
नेिृत्व कध िांवधदधत्मक स्िद्धांि
Next Lecture
Interactional Theory of Leadership
Thanks
Meet You Next Time
vermasujit@yahoo.com

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9 leadership theories Part II situational Theory or approach

  • 1. नेतृत्व: सिद्धांत भधग II (सथिसतपरक सिद्धांत) Leadership: Theories Part II (Situational Theory) Dr. Rajesh Verma Asst Professor in Psychology FGM Govt. College Adampur, Hisar, Haryana
  • 2. स्थिस्िपरक स्िद्धांि, दृस्िकोण यध उपधगम कध अिथ पररसथिसत दृसिकोण को सथिसत की मधांगों के अनुिधर व्यवहधर में अल्पकधसिक पररवततन यध अनुकू िन द्वधरध पररभधसित सकयध जधतध है। दूिरे शब्दों में यह एक प्रकधर कध व्यवहधररक िचीिधपन होतध है जहधां एक व्यसि पररसथिसतयों िे उपजे िांके तों के मधध्यम िे अपने व्यवहधर में पररवततन करतध है।
  • 3. Meaning of Situational Approach Situational approach is characterized by short-term behavioural modification or adaptation in accordance with the demands of the situation. In other words it is behavioural flexibility where an individual modifies her/his behaviour by taking cues from the situations.
  • 4. पररस्थिस्ि स्िद्धांि, दृस्िकोण यध उपधगम "लचीलेपन के िधि अनुकू लन" इि सिद्धांत में अांतसनतसहत कें द्रीय घटक होतध है। इि सिद्धांत कध नधम डॉ पॉि हिी और के नेि ब्िैंचडत (1969) के नधम पर रखध गयध है सजिे 'हिी- ब्िैंचडत पररसथिसत नेतृत्व सिद्धांत' के नधम िे भी जधनध जधतध है। पहिे पहि इि सिद्धांत को "नेिृत्व कध जीवन चक्र स्िद्धांि" कहध जधतध िध। 1970 में इिकध नधम बदिकर "पररस्थिस्ि नेिृत्व स्िद्धांि" रख सदयध गयध।
  • 5. Situational Theory “Adaptation with Flexibility” is the inherent central ingredient of this theory. It is also known as ‘Hersey- Blanchard Situational Leadership Theory” after the name of Dr. Paul Hersey and Kenneth Blanchard (1969). Earlier it was called as “Life Cycle Theory of Leadership.” In1970 it was renamed as “Situational Theory”.
  • 6. पररसथिसतपरक नेतृत्व कध अित होतध है "िही िोगों के सिए िही नेतृत्व शैिी चुननध," (ब्िैंचडत एांड हिी)। इस ससद्धांत के अनुसधर सबसे अच्छी नेतृत्व शैली वह होती है जो तधत्कधसलक पररस्थिततयों के अनुरूप हो। यह ससद्धांत पररस्थितत की जटिलतध को ध्यधन में रखते हुए नेतृत्व शैली के चुनधव पर बल देतध है। इस प्रकधर की शैली कध सबसे अच्छध उदधहरण थपोर्ट्स िीम होती हैं जहधाँ पर तेज़ी से बदलते घिनधक्रम के अनुसधर नेतृत्व शैली कध चुनधव होतध है।
  • 7. Situational leadership means “choosing the right leadership style for the right people,” (Blanchard & Hersey). According to this theory the best leadership style is that which suits the immediate situations. This theory considers the complexity of the situation before deciding upon the type of leadership to be practiced. The best example is Sports Teams.
  • 8. नेतृत्व शैली के चयन में भूसमकध तनभधने वधले कधरक. 1. तधत्कधसलक कधय् तिध स्थितत की मधांग, 2. स्थितत से उत्पन्न सांके त, 3. समूह व्यवहधर एवां समूह कध आकधर, 4. सदथयों के बीच समन्वय कध थतर, 5. सदथयों की जरूरतें, 6. सदथयों और नेतध के बीच सांबां्, 7. कधय् की जटिलतध कध थतर, 8. नेतध कध सदथयों पर तनयांत्रण, 9. सदथयों की पररपक्वतध कध थतर, एवां 10. अनुयधतययों की क्षमतध और प्रततबद्तध
  • 9. Factors Affecting Selection of Leadership Style 1. Task at hand & its complexity, 2. Cues emanating from the situation, 3. Group behaviour, size of the group & demands of the situation, 4. Level of coordination among members & their needs, 5. Relationship between members & leader and maturity level of members, 6. Level of authority of the leader over the group, and 7. Competence and commitment of the followers etc.
  • 10. पररस्थिस्िपरक नेिृत्व शैली की स्वशेषिधएां 1. अांतदृतसि – नेतध अपने अनुयधसययों की जरूरतों को िमझने में िक्षम होनध चधसहए। 2. िचीिधपन – नेतध सथिसत के अनुिधर यिोसचत नेतृत्व शैिी को चुनने में िक्षम होनध चधसहए। 3. भरोिध –नेतध में अनुयधसययों कध दृढ़ सवश्वधि होनध चधसहए। 4. िमथयध िमधधधन – नेतध एक प्रभधवी िमथयध िमधधधन करने वधिध होनध चधसहए। 5. मूल्यधांकनकतधत – नेतध अपने अनुयधसययों की पररपक्वतध और योग्यतध कध िटीक मूल्यधांकन करने में िक्षम होनध चधसहए।
  • 11. Characteristics of Situational Leadership style 1. Insight - The leader should be capable to understand the needs of the followers. 2. Flexibility - They must be capable to move between different types of leadership style. 3. Trust - The followers should have strong faith in leader. 4. Problem solving - The leader must be a effective problem solver. 5. Evaluator - The leader must be able to evaluate the maturity and competence of the followers.
  • 12. लधभ 1. इि शैिी में िचीिधपन होने के कधरण, सवफितध की िांभधवनध अपेक्षधकृ त कम होती है। 2. यह एक प्रकधर की शैिी िे होने वधिी ऊब पर कधबू पधने में मदद करती है। 3. सकिी एक प्रकधर की नेतृत्व शैिी िे उत्पन कसमयों िे सनपटने में मदद करती है। 4. यह शैिी नेतध को वधथतसवक िमय के आधधर पर िोचने के सिए प्रेररत करती है क्योंसक प्रत्येक सथिसत असद्वतीय होती है। 5. उपयोग करने और अभ्यधि करने में यह शैिी आिधन होती है।
  • 13. Advantages 1. Being flexible, the chances of failure are relatively lesser. 2. It helps in overcoming monotony of the single leadership style. 3. Helps in dealing with the shortcomings of single style approach. 4. Motivates the leader to think on real time basis and acknowledge that each situation is unique. 5. Easy to use and practice.
  • 14. कस्मयधां 1. िमूह के तत्कधि िक्ष्यों और उदेश्यों पर अत्यसधक ध्यधन कें सद्रत होने की वजह िे दीघतकधसिक िक्ष्यों पर अपेक्षधकृ त कम ध्यधन सदयध जधतध है। 2. नेतृत्व-शैिी कध चयन नेतध के अविोकन और सनणतय पर सनभतर करतध है जो व्यसिपरक हो िकतध है। 3. अनुयधसययों के पररपक्वतध थतर को मधपनध और उनकध िटीक मूल्यधांकन करनध कधफी जसटि कधयत होतध है। 4. नेतृत्व-शैिी में सनरांतर बदिधव के कधरण व्यसि में नेतृत्व िम्बन्धी सनपुणतध नहीं आ पधती है।
  • 15. Disadvantages 1. Focuses on immediate goals and objective of the group jeopardizing the long term goals. 2. The selection of leadership style depends upon the observation and judgment of the leader that can be subjective. 3. Assessment and quantification of maturity level of the followers is a complex task. 4. Due to continuous shift in leadership style the individual may not gain mastery in leadership.
  • 16. References: 1. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-the- situational-theory-of-leadership-2795321. 2. https://online.stu.edu/articles/education/ what-is-situational-leadership.aspx. 3. Hersey P, Blanchard KH. Management of Organizational Behavior— Utilizing Human Resources. New Jersey/Prentice Hall; 1969. 4. Hersey P, Blanchard KH. Life Cycle Theory of Leadership. Training and Development Journal. 1969;23(5):26–34. 5. https://bizfluent.com/info-7851680- situational-leadership-pro-cons.html
  • 17. अगलध व्यधख्यधन नेिृत्व कध िांवधदधत्मक स्िद्धांि Next Lecture Interactional Theory of Leadership
  • 18. Thanks Meet You Next Time vermasujit@yahoo.com