The document outlines the environmental analysis process that is required by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for projects funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The 8-step process includes: 1) identifying the proposed action, 2) scoping potential issues and effects, 3) collecting data on factors that will be considered, 4) designing alternatives, 5) evaluating the effects of each alternative, 6) comparing the alternatives, 7) making a decision and getting public review, and 8) implementing and monitoring the chosen alternative. USAID developed procedures in 1975 to comply with NEPA, requiring identification and mitigation of environmental impacts before funding decisions are made.

1. EnvironmentalEnvironmental
AnalysisAnalysis ProcessProcess
Understanding The Situation BeforeUnderstanding The Situation Before
You Implement An ActionYou Implement An Action

2. Environmentally Sound PlanningEnvironmentally Sound Planning
• Prevents costly repairs
• Sustainable over the long-term
• Ensures the results of the project are not
reduced due to negative environmental
impacts
• Shows professionalism and good
stewardship

3. Legal FrameworkLegal Framework
The National EnvironmentalThe National Environmental
Policy Act of 1969Policy Act of 1969

4. National Environmental Policy ActNational Environmental Policy Act
(NEPA)(NEPA)
• NEPANEPA establishes asestablishes as U.S. National Policy:U.S. National Policy:
“…“…harmony between man and hisharmony between man and his
environment…”environment…”
• To implement this national policy,To implement this national policy,
NEPA requiresNEPA requires every federal agencyevery federal agency toto
assess and consider the potentialassess and consider the potential
environmental impacts of their actions.environmental impacts of their actions.

5. In 1975, USAID CompliesIn 1975, USAID Complies
• USAID developed NEPA complianceUSAID developed NEPA compliance
procedures. These becameprocedures. These became Title 22Title 22
of the Code of Federal Regulations,of the Code of Federal Regulations,
Part 216 (22 CFR 216).Part 216 (22 CFR 216).
REG. 216REG. 216

6. USAID EnvironmentalUSAID Environmental
ProceduresProcedures
• The Code of Federal RegulationsThe Code of Federal Regulations
(CFR) Part 216 states:(CFR) Part 216 states:
– Identify and consider theIdentify and consider the
environmental consequencesenvironmental consequences
before making decisions andbefore making decisions and
committing fundscommitting funds
– Be sure that appropriateBe sure that appropriate
environmental mitigationenvironmental mitigation
measures aremeasures are identified andidentified and
appliedapplied

7. Regulation 216 applies to:Regulation 216 applies to:
• All new or supplementaryAll new or supplementary
activities funded by USAIDactivities funded by USAID
• Changes in existingChanges in existing
activities which imply:activities which imply:
– New componentsNew components
– Time ExtensionTime Extension
– Additional financingAdditional financing
– Environmental impacts notEnvironmental impacts not
previously foreseenpreviously foreseen

8. 1 Identification of the project
2 Scoping
3 Data collection & interpretation
4 Design of alt
5 Evaluations of effects
6 Comparison of alt
7 Decision & public review
8 Implementation & monitoring
An Environmental Analysis ProcessAn Environmental Analysis Process

9. Interdisciplinary Planning Team

10. 1. Identification of
the project
(What action is
proposed?)
1) Identify purpose &
need
2) Develop a goal to
provide a
framework for
analysis

11. 2. Scoping
(Why is it needed?)
Identify:
-Issues,
-Opportunities, &
-Effects of implementing
the proposed action

12. Collect Data
Identify probable
effects of project
implementation
2003 Lower Stillwell thalweg
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
3. Data collection &
interpretation
(What factors will be
used in the to make a
decision?)
Stream profile surveyStream profile survey

13. Alternatives must clearly address key issues
4. Design of alternatives
(What other actions would
meet the need?)

14. Understand and
determine the effects
• Direct
• Indirect
• Cumulative
5. Evaluations of effects
(What would it mean to not
meet the need?)
For Each Alternative:
•Physical
•Biological
•Economical
•Social

17. Relevant environmental
factors:
Stability
Erosivity
Water quality
Biodiversity
6. Comparison of
alternatives
(What are the effects of
each alternative?)

18. • Select Alternative
• Review & comments of
public
7. Decision & public review
(Are there ways to mitigate any
Adverse affects?)

19. • Record Results
• Implement alternative
• Develop monitoring plan
• Mitigate issues as planned
8. Implementation &
monitoring
(What is the final
decision and what will
be monitored?)

20. Lake Atitlan, GuatemalaLake Atitlan, Guatemala

28. Kabali, UgandaKabali, Uganda

33. Camino de la Muerte, BoliviaCamino de la Muerte, Bolivia

48. Genesee Valley Quarry, CaliforniaGenesee Valley Quarry, California