The document discusses environmental impact assessment (EIA), which identifies and evaluates the potential environmental effects of proposed projects. The purpose of EIA is to ensure decision-makers consider environmental impacts when deciding whether to approve a project. The EIA process involves scoping, evaluating the baseline environment, identifying alternatives and their impacts, developing mitigation measures, and documenting the assessment. EIA began in the 1960s and was codified in legislation like the US National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 and Philippine laws in the 1970s-1980s that require assessing impacts of projects affecting the environment. The EIA process generally involves initial screening of a project followed by a preliminary assessment or full EIA study if significant impacts are possible.

1. ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Under: Environmental Management System

2.  Environmental impact assessment
(EIA) - is an assessment of the
possible positive or negative impact
that a proposed project may have on
the environment, together consisting
of the environmental, social and
economic aspects.
What is
Environmental impact
assesment ?

3. What is the purpose
of EIA ?
 Identify those projects or
activities that may cause
potential significant impacts
 To ensure that decision
makers consider the
ensuing environmental
impacts when deciding
whether to proceed with a
project.

4. EIA - the process of identifying,
predicting, evaluating and
mitigating the biophysical,
social, and other relevant effects
of development proposals prior
to major decisions being taken
and commitments made.
EIA as a Process
- International Association for
Impact Assessment (IAIA)

5. EIA Background
In 1960s - EIAs began to be used as part
of a rational decision making process
EIA was made legislation in the US in the
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
1969

6. Cont. EIA Background
EIA Laws (Philippines)
PD 1151 (Philippine Environmental Policy of 1977)
 Requires sponsors of projects affecting the quality
of the environment to prepare environmental
impact statements
PD 1586 (1978)
 Establishment of the Philippine Environmental
Impact Statement System w/ the National
Environmental Protection Council (NEPC) as the
lead agency.

7. The EIA Process
7
• Scope
• Evaluate baseline situation
• Identify & choose alternatives
• Identify and characterize potential
impacts of proposed activity and
each alternative
• Develop mitigation and monitoring
• Communicate and document
Phase I:
Initial inquiries
Phase II:
Full EIA study
(if needed)
•Understand
proposed activities
•Screen
•Conduct preliminary
assessment (if
needed)
END

8. Screen the
activity
Based on the
nature of the
activity what
level of
environmental
review is
indicated?
Conduct a
Preliminary
Assessment
A rapid,
simplified EIA
study using
simple tools
(e.g. the
USAID IEE)
ACTIVITY IS
OF MODERATE
OR UNKNOWN
RISK
SIGNIFICANT
ADVERSE
IMPACTS
POSSIBLE
SIGNIFICANT
ADVERSE
IMPACTS
VERY UNLIKELY
ACTIVITY IS LOW
RISK (Of its nature,
very unlikely to have
significant adverse
impacts)
ACTIVITY IS
HIGH RISK (Of its
nature, likely to have
significant adverse
impacts)
Phase IIPhase IUnderstand
proposed
activity
Why is the
activity being
proposed?
What is being
proposed?
BEGIN
FULL
EIA
STUDY
STOP
the EIA
process
Phase 1 of the EIA Process
Back

9. END OF REPORT
 Baldovino, Elly Brent
 Cantero, Kenneth
 Lopena, Ermar