DNA Repair is a process that corrects a damage in the cell but not always it is good for her, sometimes this reparation is the real problem.

1. DNA REPAIR
Maria Angélica Zapata González
Medicine Student

2. MEDI CAL
UTILI TY
By: Maria Angélica Zapata
Gonzalez
Molecular Biology
Teacher: Lina Martinez
DNA
REPARATION
BI BLIO GRA PHY
• PLOS. (2017, January 26). Quick-and-dirty
DNA repair sets the stage for smoking-
related lung cancer. ScienceDaily. Retrieved
February 7, 2017 from
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/
2017/01/170126142917.htm
• University of Leed. (2017, January 10).
Suppressing a DNA-repairing protein in
brain could be key to treating aggressive
tumors. ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 7,
2017 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/
2017/01/170110121046.htm
• Martinez Sanchez, Lina Maria. Biología
Molecular. 7 ed. Medellín: UPB.
Fac.Medicina
Lung and brain problems
are now a step
closer to have a
therapy and a
treatment.
Both news give hope
to patient and medical
personal because now there are more studies.
The utility for this is huge advance about
tumor brain is that scientist can look for
similar proteins all around the body that they
can inhibit it and this will give a treatment
for another cancer or another problem, also
using this protein as a base gives scientists.
About lung cancer, an incredible utility is
that knowing what happens to the cell can be
used to recognize those cells earlier so the
cancer can be treated before it affects the
whole lung or the whole body. Also this is a
pathway to create drugs that inhibits the
wrong reparation, in order to repair just what
is good for the cell
Basically, this gives the world a new way to
look at the cell reparation.

3. DNA reparation tries to help the cell when it
is affected, so she can keep her genome and
she can continue doing the right work for our
body. This process start when the cell
recognizes the problem so she can correct the
damage, and this correction the cell can do it
in different ways, for example Base Excision
Repair (BER), Nucleotide Excision Repair
(NER), the pathway depends on the damage,
in this case, if it is a base or a nucleotide.
Sometimes this reparation is what affects the
cells, and despite affecting it, this wrong
DNA will stay with the daughter cells and it
will make a chain of affected cells.
DNA R EPAIR A ND
LUNG CAN CE R
The second most common form of lung cancer
is the squamous cell carcinoma, which involves
two types of lung stem cells: alveolar
progenitor cells and basal cells and
accumulation of DNA.
How they know it?
The authors took the cells from the lungs of
smokers and studied their genes, cell division
and how the cells repair their DNA.
What did they find?
They found that the basal cells were
doing the wrong work so they where
trying to repair DNA but this was
leading to accumulate it and the
bad thing was that the DNA had
so much errors’.
Student’s opinion
Knowing the cells that lead to this kind of
cancer is an incredible and huge advanced
because it gives the scientists a new way to
look at this problem and it will be much
easier to find the cure
DNA REPAIRING
PROTEIN IN
BRAIN
The most common type of brain tumor and the
most aggressive is the glioblastoma.
At the University of Leeds researchers
found that if they inhibited the
protein RAD51, the cell was going to die.
RAD51 is one of the Glioblastoma Stem Cells
which replicates during the treatment
and the result is resistance to it.
What did they do?
Professor Susan Short at the university explained
that radiotherapy affected the DNA of
the cell but the protein was trying
to repair it from the damage, so if they
inhibited the protein, the DNA could not
repair and the treatment would be more effective.
Do they have any problem?
Yes, they do. This experiment has
never been done in a human, but they
have great expectations.
Student’s opinion
Despite being so dangerous, they should
make the experiment on humans because
tumor's expectations are poor so it would give
people at least a chance to survive.
INTR ODUCTION

4.
INTR ODU CTIO N
NER BER
Process that changes a
thymine dimer so the
DNA strand can keep the
normal sequence.
This process is longer but
more specific, it only
changes an specific base.

5.
QUICK -AND- DIRTY DAN REPAIR SET S
THE S TAGE FO R SM OKING -RELATED
LUNG CANCER
2017, January 26

6. The basal cells where the principal problem. These cells from smokers, has a
patron of replication called ‘transcriptional fingerprint’.
QUICK -AND- DIRTY DAN REPAIR SET S T HE STAGE
FOR SM OKING- RE LATED LUNG CANCER

7.
What leads to
carcinoma is a
mutation because of
the accumulation of
repaired DNA that
the cell was doing.
QUICK -AND- DIRTY DAN REPAIR
SETS THE STAGE F OR SMOKING-
REL ATED L UNG CANCER
This way of
reparation is called
‘’non -
homologous end
joining’’.

8. One of the authors, Asselin - Labat, said that their results
indicate that targeting DNA repair processes could be a a
pathway to prevent and treat lung cancer.
QUICK -AND- DIRTY DAN REPAIR SET S T HE
STAGE FOR S MO KING-RELAT ED LU NG
CANCER

9.
I think, this is an incredible pathway
that shows us that when a cell tries
to repair itself, she can make the
damage and I think this is important
because is a new way to look at the
reparation that is not always trying
to help the cell.
Student’s opinion

10.
SUPPRES SING A DNA-REPAIRING
PROTEIN IN B RA IN COULD BE KEY
TO TREATING AGGRESSIVE TUMORS
2017, January 10

11. SUPPRES SING A DNA-REPAIRING PROT EIN IN BRAIN
COUL D B E KEY TO TREATING AGG RESSI VE TUMORS
RAD51 protein is involved in te reparation of DNA double strand breaks
and helps the cell to grow. But RAD51 is related to decrease
patient survival when they have cancer.

12.
SUP PRES SING A DNA-
REPA IRING P ROT EIN IN
BRA IN COULD BE KEY TO
TREAT ING AGGRESSIVE
How did they find the
protein RAD51 in
glioblastoma cells?
They used
inmunofluorescence
microscopy

13. SUPPRES SING A DNA-REPAIRING PROT EIN IN BRAIN
COUL D B E KEY TO TREATING AGG RESSI VE TUMORS
The people between 45 and 75 years are the most
affected. The time that they stay alive with cancer
is almost 12 - 18 months and only 20% of patients
survive more than one year.

14.
It is important to continue the
experiments because they are really
close to find the cure of a really big
tumor.
Also, the fact that radiotherapy is a
part of the problem can help to find a
different treatment where the help
does not induce a bad DNA repair.
Student’s opinion

15.
M E D I C A L U T I L I T Y

16. M E D I C A L U T I L I T Y
DNA reparation could be useful to
correct cells like nervous cell after a
disease where part of the mobility is
lost. If scientists induce the cell to
repair, probably it would help it to
return part of the functioning. Also it
could lead to a treatment with RAD51,
if the try radiotherapy and the cell try
to repair and this could stimulate the
process.

17. M E D I C A L U T I L I T Y
A great utility would be that
scientist can look for similar
tumoral proteins in different cells
so the protein could
accelerate the process of
reparation or
accumulate the DNA
reparation, but a good
one that can help the
cell faster.

18. M E D I C A L U T I L I T Y
Finally, nicotine is what makes the
basal cells start to repair
themselves, so it would be an
advance to find where this
reparation is good for the cell so
nicotine could be a drug so tissues
could be repaired in the moment
that is found the problem so it
won't affect in the same way the
body .

19. BIBLIOGRAP HY
• PLOS. (2017, January 26). Quick-and-dirty DNA repair sets
the stage for smoking-related lung cancer. ScienceDaily.
Retrieved February 7, 2017 from www.sciencedaily.com/
releases/2017/01/170126142917.htm
• University of Leed. (2017, January 10). Suppressing a DNA-
repairing protein in brain could be key to treating
aggressive tumors. ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 7, 2017
from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/
2017/01/170110121046.htm
• Martinez Sanchez, Lina Maria. Biología Molecular. 7 ed.
Medellín: UPB. Fac.Medicina

20. ‘’WHAT I STAND FOR IS
WHAT I STAND ON.’’
- Wenddell Berry