In this presentation you will find valuable information of two recent advances made in the combat of Diabetes and Alzheimer

1. POLYGENIC DISORDERS
JUAN PEDRO NEIRA GÓMEZ
MEDICINE STUDENT

2. MEDICAL UTILITY BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Medical University of Vienna. (2017,
March 27). Alzheimer's disease: On
the hunt for the biomarker signal for
early detection. ScienceDaily .
Retrieved March 29, 2017 from
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/
2017/03/170327083239.htm
2. Scripps Research Institute. (2017,
March 27). Scientists discover new
class of anti-diabetes compounds
that reduce liver glucose production.
ScienceDaily. Retrieved March 29,
2017 from www.sciencedaily.com/
releases/2017/03/170327142820.htm
Since genetics took a major role in
medicine, it has become more
important to determinate the genetic
makeup involved in the manifestation
of the most common diseases among
society for discovering an efficient
treatment.
Findings about which diseases are
polygenic, and which genes take
place in the emergence of each
disorder, lead us to create different
methods for diagnosing and preventing
them, and in the future they can lead
us to the development of a treatment
for finally banishing them.
POLYGENIC
DISORDERS
BY:
JUAN PEDRO NEIRA
GOMEZ
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

3. Alzheimer's disease: On the
hunt for the biomarker signal
for early detection
Researchers all over the world are looking for a
specific biomarker for the early diagnosis of
Alzheimer´s disease, they are pretty sure that
marker does exist but they haven´t found it yet.
In the meantime they can only try to manage the
disease once people are already it.
STUDENT´S OBSERVATION
I think too that the biomarker for diagnosing
Alzheimer exists, but as they said, it is difficult to
find. And in my opinion the studies in the altered
form of Taumay lead to find a useful treatment
for managing the disease. In my opinion, at least
until the discovery of the biomarker everyone
should have healthy lifestyles for preventing
the manifestation of the disorder as they
mention in the research.
Scientists discover new class of
anti-diabetes compounds that
reduce liver glucose production.
A research group identified an unknown class of
compounds that reduce production of glucose
in the liver. These substances can be implicated
in type 2 diabetes.
One of the
molecules they
identified is
thought to play an
important role in
the regulation of
the genes involved
in energetic
metabolism by the
modification of a
protein named
PGC-1α.
They already tested the compound, named
SR-18292, for proving they theory was correct,
and they succeeded in improving the health of
diabetic animals.
STUDENTS OBSERVATION
As type 2 diabetes is the main diabetes class
which affects population I think that advances
like this and findings like the compound
SR-18292 are very positive, because every step
we advance in the combat of polygenic
diseases is a great step. And as I said in
Alzheimer, people must be responsible for their
health and acquire good lifestyles. Even when
they are not sick of Diabetes, because DM2 is
very influenced by environmental factors.
INTRODUCTION
Human diversity is explained by the
influence of ambiental agents and the
genetic compound, which determinate
the gene expression of each individual.
As the genome express all the singular
characteristics and features of each
person, some genes can also play a
decisive role in the manifestation of
different diseases.
For studying and determining the
inheritance patron of a feature
researchers use genetic models.
It must be
discovered if
disorders curse
with a genetic
compound in
their origin, if
they are caused
by environmental
influences or
both
Though they haven´t
discovered the
biomarker, they found
that hyperphosphorilated
Tau protein leads to
neuronal degeneration
and it´s involved in some
types of Alzheimer´s
diseasse. Also, they
already tried to improve
the symptoms of the
disorder by fixing the
protein and it helped.

4. INTRODUCTION
Human diversity is explained by the
influence of ambiental agents and the
genetic compound, which determinate
the gene expression of each individual.
As the genome express all the singular
characteristics and features of each
person, some genes can also play a
decisive role in the manifestation of
different diseases.
For studying and determining the
inheritance patron of a feature
researchers use genetic models.
INTRODUCTION
Both monogenic and polygenic are
susceptible have a genetic compound and are
susceptible to the ambient agents. The
difference is that in polygenic disorders
manifestation are implicated more than one
gene.
For detecting if the disease is dominant or
recessive, polygenic or monogenic and if it is
caused mainly because environmental
factors.
It must be
discovered if
disorders curse
with a genetic
compound in
their origin, if
they are caused
by environmental
influences or
both

5. Alzheimer's disease: On the hunt for the
biomarker signal for early detection.
Medical University of Vienna.
(2017, March 27).
Alzheimer's disease: On the
hunt for the biomarker signal
for early detection
Researchers all over the world are looking for a
specific biomarker for the early diagnosis of
Alzheimer´s disease, they are pretty sure that
marker does exist but they haven´t found it yet.
In the meantime they can only try to manage the
disease once people are already it.
STUDENT´S OBSERVATION
I think too that the biomarker for diagnosing
Alzheimer exists, but as they said, it is difficult to
find. And in my opinion the studies in the altered
form of Taumay lead to find a useful treatment
for managing the disease. In my opinion, at least
until the discovery of the biomarker everyone
should have healthy lifestyles for preventing
the manifestation of the disorder as they
mention in the research.
Though they haven´t
discovered the
biomarker, they found
that hyperphosphorilated
Tau protein leads to
neuronal degeneration
and it´s involved in some
types of Alzheimer´s
diseasse. Also, they
already tried to improve
the symptoms of the
disorder by fixing the
protein and it helped.

6. ALZHEIMER´S DISEASE: ON THE HUNT FOR THE BIOMARKER SIGNAL
FOR EARLY DETECTION
“There is a specific biomarker, we just
haven´t found it yet” - Peter Del-Bianco,
Alzheimers expert from MedUni Vienna.

7. ALZHEIMER´S DISEASE: ON THE HUNT FOR THE BIOMARKER SIGNAL
FOR EARLY DETECTION
CELL DEATH
CHARACTERISTIC OF
ALZHEIMER
THIS CONFORMATIONAL
CHANGE CAUSE MALFUNCTION
HYPERPHOSHORILATED
TAU PROTEIN

8. ALZHEIMER´S DISEASE: ON THE HUNT FOR THE BIOMARKER SIGNAL
FOR EARLY DETECTION
A few years ago, a form of
immunotherapy for reducing
pathological Tau proteins was
tested in a randomized, controlled
study. Results were promising and in
a few years there could be a
vaccination against this cause of
Alzheimer.

9. ALZHEIMER´S DISEASE: ON THE HUNT FOR THE BIOMARKER SIGNAL
FOR EARLY DETECTION
STUDENT´S OBSERVATION

10. Scientists discover new class of anti-
diabetes compounds that reduce liver
glucose production.
Scripps Research Institute.
(2017, March 27).
Scientists discover new class of
anti-diabetes compounds that
reduce liver glucose production.
A research group identified an unknown class of
compounds that reduce production of glucose
in the liver. These substances can be implicated
in type 2 diabetes.
They already tested the compound, named
SR-18292, for proving they theory was correct,
and they succeeded in improving the health of
diabetic animals.
STUDENTS OBSERVATION
As type 2 diabetes is the main diabetes class
which affects population I think that advances
like this and findings like the compound
SR-18292 are very positive, because every step
we advance in the combat of polygenic
diseases is a great step. And as I said in
Alzheimer, people must be responsible for their
health and acquire good lifestyles. Even when
they are not sick of Diabetes, because DM2 is
very influenced by environmental factors.
One of the
molecules they
identified is
thought to play an
important role in
the regulation of
the genes involved
in energetic
metabolism by the
modification of a
protein named
PGC-1α.

11. SCIENTISTS DISCOVER A NEW CLASS OF ANTI-DIABETES
COMPOUNDS THAT REDUCE LIVER GLUCOSE PRODUCTION
PCG-1α plays a pivotal role in
energy balance and helps control
genes involved in energy
metabolism.
When cells increase the
expression of PGC-1, during
fasting or starvation, for
example, glucose production in
the liver also increases..

12. Causing a decrease in the
amount of glucose produced
in the liver
The anti-diabetes compound
SR-18292 modifies a protein
known as PGC-1α by
acetylating it.
SCIENTISTS DISCOVER A NEW CLASS OF ANTI-DIABETES
COMPOUNDS THAT REDUCE LIVER GLUCOSE PRODUCTION

13. SCIENTISTS DISCOVER A NEW CLASS OF ANTI-DIABETES
COMPOUNDS THAT REDUCE LIVER GLUCOSE PRODUCTION
The enzyme or protein targeted
by SR-18292 is not known yet.
Even though, researchers believe
that small molecules like
SR-18292 could be developed one
day as single agents to treat
diabetes.

14. SCIENTISTS DISCOVER A NEW CLASS OF ANTI-DIABETES
COMPOUNDS THAT REDUCE LIVER GLUCOSE PRODUCTION
STUDENT´S OBSERVATION
As type 2 diabetes is the main diabetes class which
affects population I think that advances like this and
findings like the compound SR-18292 are very positive,
because every step we advance in the combat of
polygenic diseases is a great step. And as I said in
Alzheimer, people must be responsible for their health
and acquire good lifestyles. Even when they are not
sick of Diabetes, because DM2 is very influenced by
environmental factors.

15. MEDICAL UTILITY
Since genetics took a major role in
medicine, it has become more
important to determinate the genetic
makeup involved in the manifestation
of the most common diseases among
society for discovering an efficient
treatment.
Findings about which diseases are
polygenic, and which genes take
place in the emergence of each
disorder, lead us to create different m
e t h o d s f o r d i a g n o s i n g a n d
preventing them, and in the future
they can lead us to the development
of a treatment for finally banishing
them.
MEDICAL UTILITY

16. MEDICAL UTILITY
Knowing which genes are implicated in the
manifestation of a disorder is useful because it
helps us in the early diagnosis of the same.

17. MEDICAL UTILITY
By the implementation of genetic models we can
determinate the inheritance patron of any disorder;
and establish if it is dominant or recessive,
polygenic or monogenic and if it´s expression is
related to the environmental exposure.

18. MEDICAL UTILITY
Polygenic diseases manifestation is very
susceptible to environmental agents, that means
we can take cautious measures in order to delay
it´s appearance.

19. BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.Medical University of Vienna. (2017, March 27). Alzheimer's disease: On the
hunt for the biomarker signal for early detection. ScienceDaily. Retrieved March
29, 2017 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/03/170327083239.htm
2.Scripps Research Institute. (2017, March 27). Scientists discover new class of
anti-diabetes compounds that reduce liver glucose production. ScienceDaily.
Retrieved March 29 , 2017 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/
2017/03/170327142820.htm
3.Martinez Sanchez, Lina Maria. Biologia molecular.7.ed.Medellin: UPB.
Fac.Medicina.

20. THANK YOU.