Dna theory 3
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The document discusses the use of DNA technology in criminal investigations in Tanzania. It outlines how biological samples from crime scenes and suspects are collected and analyzed to generate DNA profiles, which are then compared to link suspects to crimes. The responsibilities of crime scene investigators in properly collecting, packaging, storing, transporting and submitting DNA evidence samples are also explained, as these steps are critical to obtaining high quality samples and avoiding contamination. Guidelines for investigators emphasize careful handling and labeling of all biological material.
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Dna theory 3
- 1. THE USE OF DNA TECHNOLOGY IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION IN TANZANIA. BY G. MACHUVE FORENSIC DNA UNIT GCLA
- 4. EVIDENCE SAMPLES AT CRIME SCENE LIKELY TO CONTAIN DNA Saliva Edge of toothpicks, depris in toothbrushes Toothpicks, toothbrush 4 Sweat, skin Nose bridge & earlobe Spectacles/glasses 3 Sweat, hair, dandruff Inner lining A cap 2 Sweat,blood & skin Handles and blades of knives Knives, 1 Source of DNA Place where DNA can be found Exhibit S/N
- 5. Cont.. Sweat & blood Handles, trigger and burrel Guns, 8 saliva Saliva on envelope seal Stamps, envelopes 7 Blood, semen, sweat, dandruff, hair underpants, shirts, trousers, dresses, sheets, socks, Clothes 9 Saliva, sweat Rims and edges of bottles, cans, bowls, cups Bottle, glass, cans, bowls, cups 6 Saliva Cigarette butts, cigar pipes’ mouth piece Cigarette, cigar pipes 5
- 6. Cont… Feaces, urine Toilet bowls, seats and floor Toilets 13 Blood & tissues Kidney, liver, intestines, bones Body parts 12 Sweat, blood, hair, fingerprints & saliva Car seats, seat belts, steering wheel, tires, window glass, door knobs, buttons, rear mirrors etc… Vehicles 11 Sweat & blood Foot wear, socks Foot wear 10
- 25. DNA Analysis Reports released 2005/2006 - - 59 Rape 27 73 159 Murder 60 40 250 Paternity Exclusive (%) Inclusive (%) No. of samples analyzed Types of cases
- 26. DNA Analysis Reports released 2005/2006 cont… 2 Male 1 3 Sex identification Female No. of samples analyzed
Editor's Notes
- Therefore, if human DNA samples are found at a crime scene, a DNA profiling test can be carried out to determine whether a suspect could be a possible source of a sample. Consequently, DNA evidence has already been put to use to implicate criminals in serious offenses such as; murder case where the victim has suffered multiple stab wounds and a suspect subsequently apprehended in possession of blood stained clothing. The DNA profile from the blood stained clothing could be compared with a sample from the victim. rape case whereby a woman has scratched her assailant and gets skin cells trapped under her fingernails. The DNA profile from the skin cells could be compared with a blood or saliva sample from a suspect. parentage case where a father has disputed his relationship to a child. The DNA profile of child could be compared with a blood or saliva sample from father. mass disaster where victims have lost their recognition in a plane crash. DNA profiles from the remains could be compared with blood or saliva samples from their close relatives.
- The DNA scientist has to work with what he receives and the value of his work/ results depends on the quality of the material/sample submitted to him/her This is crucial for so few of us do actually follow sample management procedures when slight mismanagement errors occur and impact the integrity of DNA analytical results. There are several things which the officer investigating a crime, must remember, if the team (investigators and DNA scientists) is to be fully effective;
- The following tables summarize the total number of cases received for DNA analysis test in the year 2005/06. The DNA samples analyzed were of both civil and criminal categories, with the majority being civil (paternity).
- Not wearing appropriate attires – e.g., gloves Stepping on blood at the crime scene Washing down of evidence located on toilets or hand wash basins – rape cases Smoking of cigarettes at the crime scene Spitting Combing of hair Nose blowing (Sneezing) Handling of samples with oily hands