UNIT 2- ARITHMETIC INTRODUCTION

1. UNIT II ARITHMETIC
Fixed point Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division.
Floating Point arithmetic, High performance arithmetic, Subword parallelism
Mr. C.KARTHIKEYAN,
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
ECE , RMKCET

2. UNIT II ARITHMETIC
Fixed point Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division.
Floating Point arithmetic, High performance arithmetic, Subword parallelism

3. ARITHMETI
C
Fixed Point Floating
Point
Un Signed Signed
Addition
Subtraction
Multiplication
Division

4. FIXED POINT AND FLOATING POINT
NUMBERS
Fixed Point Number Floating Point Number
This representation has fixed number of bits for integer
part and for fractional part.
For example, if given fixed-point representation is IIII.
FFFF, then you can store minimum value is 0000.0001
and maximum value is 9999.9999.
22.53, 18.89, -12.69
As the name implies, floating point
numbers are numbers that
contain floating decimal points.
For example,
The numbers 5.5, 0.001, and -2,345.6789
are floating point numbers.
Numbers that do not have decimal places are called integers.

5. ONE’S & TWO’S COMPLIMENT
Un Signed Number Signed Number
00110
1’s Compliment 2’s Compliment 1’s Compliment 2’s Compliment
11001
2’s Compliment = 1’s Compliment + 1
11010
11010 00101 00110
00110 00110 00110
11010 10101 10110

6. SIGNED BINARY REPRESENTATION
• Signed Magnitude Representation
• One’s Compliment Representation
• Two’s Compliment Representation
Signed Magnitude One’s Compliment Two’s Compliment
+10 01010 01010 01010
-10 11010 10101 10110
-22 110110 101001 101010
-31 111111 100000 100001
Sign
bit
(n-1) bits
n bits

7. Signed Magnitude One’s Compliment Two’s Compliment
+10 01010
+6 00110 (-)
00100 (+4)
SIGNED BINARY REPRESENTATION
100000
+10 01010
-6 10110 (+)
100011
+10 01010
-6 11001 (+)
100100
+10 01010
-6 11010 (+)
(+10) – (+6) = (+10) + (-6)
(+A) – (+B) = (+A) + (-B)
+0 +3 +4

8. TWO’S COMPLIMENT REPRESENTATION
Single representation for Zero
Positive and Negative numbers can be treated together