12. TEXT CODE..
• Text is made up of CHARACTER and each character is allocated its own binary code.
• Set of character is called character set.
• Made up of
• 26 upper case
• 26 lower case
• 10 DIGITS 0-9
• 20 punctuation marks (! , . ? etc)
• ASCII & Unicode are two of the most common codes in use today
13. ASCII
• American Standard Code for Information Interchange
• It’s a 7 bit code allowing 128 characters
• Example
• Code 13 = Carriage Return
• Code 10 = Line feed
• Code 09 = TAB
• Code 08 = Backspace
• Upper case(65-90)
• Lower case (97-122)
• Code 65 = A
• Code 97 = a
• Range 0-255 characters
14. UNICODE
• It provides a unique number for every character
• Unicode uses a 16 bit code for character
• Provides character upto 65,536
• It includes all the ASCII character codes to ensure compatibility
15. HOW COMPUTER PROCESS DATA
• Computer perform only 4 operation:
• Input / Output Operations
• Calculation & text manipulation operations
• Logic / Comparison Operations
• Storage and Retrieval Operations
16.
17. CPU
• CPU stands for Central Processing Unit
• Microprocessor
• The Chip
• Processor
19. CPU
• A silicon chip made of millions of transistors.
• CPU controls all the activites within the system .
• Its called the brain of computer.
• Data is processed into information.
• CPU consist of two Components
• CU (Control Unit)
• ALU (Arthmetic Logic Unit)
• Other components
• Registers
• Cache
20. CONTROL UNIT (CU)
• Process Data.
• Extracts instruction from Memory and decodes and executes them.
• Manage all resources of computer.
• For every instruction the control unit repeats a set of 4 basic operation called
machine cycle/processing cycle.
21. ARTHMETIC LOGIC UNIT
• Operation of comparing number is carried by Mathematical operation in CPU.
• Computer perform two type of operation
• Arthmetic Operations
• Logical Operations
24. MACHINE CYCLE
• Four Series of Steps
• Execute each time when Data is input
• Instruction Cycle
• Execution Cycle
25.
26. MACHINE CYCLE
• Fetching=
• Take command or data from Memory.
• Decoding=
• Translate instruction
• ALU can understand
• Executing=
• Carry information
• Convert into Microcode
• Storing=
• Copy result to Memory
27. FACTOR AFFECTING PROCESSING
CYCLE
• Clock rate of CPU
• Computer Word Size
• Bus Speed
• Main Memory Size
• Cache Memory Size
• Instruction Set Complexity
• Number of Processing Units
