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Remote sensing based drought tolerant maize targeting in SSA
The document discusses the Drought Tolerant Maize for Africa (DTMA) project, funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which aims to develop drought-tolerant maize in 13 African countries. It outlines methods for targeting areas where drought-tolerant seeds would be most beneficial, including the use of remote sensing data and drought indices. The project also plans to validate data with ground sources and evaluate the performance of drought-tolerant materials across various sites.
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Remote sensing based drought tolerant maize targeting in SSA
- 1. Remote sensing baseddrought tolerant maize targeting in SSA Remote sensing – Beyond Images Kai Sonder, Jill Cairns, Olaf Erenstein, Girma Tesfahun, Kindie Tesfaye, Victor Hernandez, Dave Hodson Mexico City, 14-15.12.2013
- 2. DTMA project: Droughttolerant maize for Africa Mali Nigeria Uganda Ghana Benin Angola Zambia Zimbabwe Ethiopia • • • • • • • Funded by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 3rd phase currently CIMMYT and IITA and many partners 13 countries in West, East and Southern Africa Develop drought tolerant maize germplasm Strengthen small seed companies Make DT materials available to farmers Kenya Tanzania Mozambique Malawi
- 3. WHY do this? •Exante impact assessment •Recommendations on areas for upscaling •Fit breeding program to areas not currently covered HOW to target the areas where DT material would be most useful to farmers? • • • • Ideally use high res daily rainfall data but not really available in SSA Failed seasons probability Drought indices based on monthly data Remote sensed data
- 4. Probability of failedseasons Developed by Peter Jones Based on a climate generator (MARKSIM) No time series Doesn’t cover short or mild droughts Thornton et al. 2006 Mapping Climate Vulnerability and Poverty in Africa.
- 5. Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI) Based on rainfall only Can be calculated at different time scales McKee et al., 1993 •Calculated for one month and three month droughts for all of SSA •Mild, Moderate, Severe, Extreme droughts classified •Using monthly CRU 3.1 data 19502010 (in theory 1900-2012) •Doesn’t capture fully cover short droughts •WMO recommended •Widely used
- 6. DSI (Drought SeverityIndex) •Satellite image (MODIS) based (Mu et al., 2013) •Mix of MODIS based NDVI and MODIS based ET/PET •MOD16 ET/PET MOD13 NDVI •Annual and monthly and 8 day calculations possible •Time series available currently 2000 – 2011 •Time series can be expanded
- 7. DSI Classes Mu etal. 2013
- 8. DSI annual timeseries
- 9. Frequencies of moderate andmilder droughts in Eastern Africa • • • • • • Applied to SPAM 2000 maize production areas Redo with SPAM 2005 Calculate maize areas exposed to different types of drought Estimation of number of rural population in those areas Estimation of poor in the areas
- 10. Next steps •Evaluate 8day product for short term events •Validate with ground data from CIMMYT sites •Relate DTMA on farm trials to drought events •Compare performance of DT materials in different sites •Evaluate for climate risk exposure studies with socio economists
- 11. Future possibilities •Evaluate moreremote sensing sources •TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) •New generation GPM (Global precipitation Measurement) •Soil moisture (eg ERS/MetOp, Vienna) Soil Water Index (SWI) •Combine with crop models http://www.ipf.tuwien.ac.at/radar/index.php?go=home
- 12.
Editor's Notes
- #2 In more than 10 years, the GIS-Lab has been working in many different Project,
- #3 In more than 10 years, the GIS-Lab has been working in many different Project,
- #4 In more than 10 years, the GIS-Lab has been working in many different Project,
- #5 In more than 10 years, the GIS-Lab has been working in many different Project,
- #6 In more than 10 years, the GIS-Lab has been working in many different Project,
- #8 In more than 10 years, the GIS-Lab has been working in many different Project,
- #9 In more than 10 years, the GIS-Lab has been working in many different Project,
- #10 In more than 10 years, the GIS-Lab has been working in many different Project,
- #11 In more than 10 years, the GIS-Lab has been working in many different Project,
- #12 In more than 10 years, the GIS-Lab has been working in many different Project,
- #13 In more than 10 years, the GIS-Lab has been working in many different Project,
- #14 In more than 10 years, the GIS-Lab has been working in many different Project,