It discuss about what is apiculture, SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION, types of honey bee, life cycle of honey bee, honey bee development, queen bee, drone, worker bee, SPECIES OF HONEY BEE - Indigenous and exotic variables, STEPS INVOLVED IN BEE KEEPING - traditional & Modern method. USES OF HONEY AND HOENY BEE - bee wax, royal jelly, propolis, bee venom,

1. APICULTURE
DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI
M.Sc., M.A, M.Ed, M.Phil (Edn), M.Phil (ZOO), NET, Ph.D
ASST. PROFESSOR,
LOYOLA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, CHENNAI - 34

2. INTRODUCTION
• The word ‘apiculture’ comes
from the Latin word ‘apis’
meaning bee. So, apiculture or
beekeeping is the care and
management of honey bees
for the production of honey
and wax.
APICULTURE OR BEE KEEPING Is the
care and management of honey
bees for the production of honey
and the wax
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3. Contd.,
• Honey bees are social insects.
• They live in colonies.
• They exhibit teamwork and division of labour.
• They feed on the pollen and nectar of flowers.
• The honey bees collect nectar from various
flowers.
• The location where bees are kept is called as
Apiary
• The scientific study of honey bee is known as
Apiology
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4. SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Apidae
Genus: Apis
Species: mellifera
• A beekeeper or
apiarist keeps bees in
order to collect their
honey and other
products like bee
wax, bee pollen and
royal jelly, to
pollinate crops or to
produce bees for sale
to other beekeepers
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5. TYPES OF HONEYBEE
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6. LIFE CYCLE OF HONEY BEE
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8. QUEEN :
Each hive will have 1 queen bee who is the
only reproductive individual in the colony.
If a queen is not performing well (if she is
not laying enough eggs),the colony may
decide to replace her with a new queen.
This is known as “Supersedure”.
ROLE OF QUEEN BEE:
 To mate with drone bee
 Produce eggs
 To begin new colonies through swarming
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10. DRONE
• It is a male bee.
• About 10-20 drones will mate with
a queen during a mating flight.
• Drone have the much larger eyes,
which is their distinguishing factor.
Role of the drone bee:
• A primary focus for a drone is to
mate with a queen. But the drone
will die after the mating.
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12. WORKER BEE
• Worker bees are all female, they do not
have the same abilities as the queen.
Order of jobs bees
a. House keeping-young worker bee
b. Cleaning cell
c. Nursing worker bee
d. Attending to the queen bee
e. Collecting nectar for the hive
f. Guarding the hive
g. Becoming field bees
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14. SPECIES OF HONEY BEE
a. Indigenous varieties
i. Apis indica (Common Indian honey bee)
ii. Apis dorsata (Rock bee)
iii. Apis florea (Little bee)
b. Exotic varieties
i. Apis mellifera (Italian bee)
ii. Apis adamsoni (South African bee)
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17. JOURNEY OF NECTAR TO HONEY
• Nectar- sugar rich liquid produced by
plant and flowers contain almost 80%
water with some complex substance
• Bees use their straw like tube tongue
called a “proboscis” so they can suck the
nectar out of the flowers and store it in
their “ honey stomachs”. The honey
stomach holds almost 70 mg of nectar.
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18. • Honey bee must visit between
100-1500 flowers in order to fill
their honey stomach.
• The bee return to the hive and
pass the nectar.
• Young bee are responsible for
receiving honey bee from
foraging bee.
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19. • If they not enough worker bee is
available in the hive they will
perform a special dance in front of
other worker bee. This dance is
known as “TREMBLE DANCE”.
• The worker bees chew the nectar
for about half and hour. During this
time enzymes are breaking the
complex sugar into simple sugars.
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20. STEPS INVOLVED IN BEE KEEPING
Gather your hive
and equipment
Set your hive
Introduce the
bees to their hive
Feed the bees
Check on
your bees
periodically
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21. TYPES OF BEEKEEPING
TYPES OF
BEEKEEPING
Traditional
beekeeping
Modern
beekeeping
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22. TRADITIONAL BEEKEEPING
Traditional beekeeping is the one of the
oldest practices.
Eg. The Grass hive
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23. The gourd hive Log hive
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24. •The clay pot –hive
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25. MODERN METHOD
• Moveable frame hive
• Top bar hive
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26. MODERN HIVE
Warre hive
Langstroth hive

27. LANGSTROTH HIVE
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28. HIVE FRAME
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29. HONEY SUPER
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30. HIVE TOOL
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31. SMOKER
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32. HONEY EXTRACTOR
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33. BEEKEEPING SUIT
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34. JENTER KIT
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35. USES OF HONEY AND HOENY BEE
• HONEY BEE: Used for
pollination.
• Honey is an energy-rich food.
For example 1kg of honey
contains 3,200 calories of
energy.
• Honey contain sugar, minerals,
vitamins, enzymes and pollen.
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36. Contd.,
• Honey is an antiseptic and contains formic acid as the
preservative.
• Honey is a blood purifier, a cure against cough, cold,
sore throat, ulcers of tongue, stomach and intestine.
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37. • Honey is helpful in building up the hemoglobin content of the blood.
• Honey is used in the preparation of bread, cakes and biscuits.
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38. USES OF BEE WAX
Cosmetics
Lubricants
Cold creams
Shaving creams
polishes
Candles
Ointments
Medical
preparations
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ROYAL JELLY Royal jelly, which
also is called
"bee milk," looks
like white snot.
More than half of
it is water, the
rest is a
combination of
proteins and
sugars. Special
glands in the
heads of worker
bees secrete the
stuff, which gets
fed to babies.

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BEE VENOM
Bee venom has powerful
anti-inflammatory
properties and may
benefit the health of your
skin and immune system.
It may also improve
certain medical conditions
like rheumatoid arthritis
and chronic pain. Bee
venom is given as a shot
for bee sting allergy. It is
also used for
osteoarthritis, Parkinson
disease, multiple sclerosis

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PROPOLIS
Propolis is a compound
produced by bees
thought to fight
infections, heal wounds
Propolis is used
for diabetes, cold sores,
and swelling
(inflammation) and sores
inside the mouth (oral
mucositis). It is also used
for burns, canker sores,
genital herpes,

42. REFERENCE
“SCIENCE READER”
Tamil Nadu text book
NCERT Books
Google Images
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