manufacturing processes and their types as well as discription of all.

7. Polishi
ng
Electroplati
ng
Burnishin
g
Paintin
g

8. Polishing and buffing are finishing processes for
smoothing a work piece surface using an abrasive and a
work wheel or a leather strop.

10. These processes are used to join two or more pieces of
metal parts either temporary or permanent.
There are some permanent joining processes:
i) Welding
ii) Soldering
There are some temporary joining processes:
i) Nut and Bolts joints
ii) Keys and cotter joints

11. Annealing:- Annealing is a heat process whereby a metal is
heated to a specific temperature ,colour and then allowed to
cool slowly.
Tempering:- Tempering is a heat treatment technique applied
to ferrous alloys, such as steel or cast iron, to achieve
greater toughness by decreasing the hardness of the alloy.
The reduction in hardness is usually accompanied by an
increase in ductility, thereby decreasing the brittleness of the
metal.
Hardening:- Hardening is a metallurgical metal working
process used to increase the hardness of a metal.

12. MODERN MANUFACTURING METHODS (NCM)
i) Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM):- It is also known as spark
machining, spark eroding, burning, die sinking, wire burning or wire
erosion, is a manufacturing process whereby a desired shape is
obtained by using electrical discharges Material is removed from the
workpiece by a series of rapidly recurring current discharges between
two electrodes, separated by a dielectric liquid and subject to an
electric voltage.
ii) Electro Chemical Machining (ECM):- It is normally used for mass
production and is used for working extremely hard materials or
materials that are difficult to machine using conventional methods
iii) Ultrasonic Machining (USM):- It is a
subtraction manufacturing process that removes material from the
surface of a part through high frequency, low amplitude vibrations of a
tool against the material surface in the presence of fine abrasive
particles.
iv) Electron Beam Machining (EBM):- It is a process where high-velocity
electrons concentrated into a narrow beam are directed toward the
work piece, creating heat and vaporizing the material. EBM can be used
for very accurate cutting or boring of a wide variety of metals.