Yes, I do agree, that some eukaryotic cells survive only on the resources provided by other
eukaryotic cells and that prokaryotic cells are not involved in this type of \"supply for life\".
Symbiotic root colonization by Eukaryotic cells by Mycorrhizal mycelia:
Mycorrhizal mycelia can only survive in a symbiotic relationship with other plant root \"cells
(eukaryotic)\" by supplying nitrogen materials to the plants followed by obtaining its nutrients
for survival. Mycorrhizal mycelia cannot survive outside the environment as prokaryotes do
The traits that allowed them to maintain symbiotic relationships are as explained in case of fungi,
in which hydrolytic enzymes have capability to assimilate \"nitrogenous material and supply\"
them to plants. The relative number of competitors, the relative availability of symbiotic partners
such as Mycorrhizal mycelia are living on the roots surface of the host plant as mutualistic
symbionts (supply of life) and enabling the host root colonization of land plants with increased
absorption of nutrients such as phosphates, nitrates, water etc. by providing the surface area for
absorption.
Fungi and plant symbiosis represents one of the most important interspecific eukaryotic
partnerships to have occurred on the planet. Fungal mycelia and ancient archaic prokaryotes are
living on the roots surface of the host land plants as mutualistic symbionts in 500 millions of
years ago and enabling the host root colonization with increased abruption of nutrients such as
phosphates, nitrates, water etc. by providing the surface area for absorption. This process
produced a vital photosynthesis rate by increasing total gross primary productivity finally
enhancing the release of exclusive amounts of oxygen in the atmosphere result in higher oxygen
concentration together to form ozone layer to protect against harmful UV radiation. The oxygen
gas is conductive to air-breathing animals on the land whereas dissolved oxygen is conductive to
all aquatic animals. These land plants with differential reproductive ability to produce
gametophytes enabled their sexual reproduction (embryophytes, all vascular plants including
angiosperms and gymnosperms) to produce more progeny to generate higher rate of
photosynthesis associated with increased rate of colonization to produce oxygen gas to air-
breathing animals.
The traits that allowed them to maintain symbiotic relationships are as explained in case of fungi,
in which hydrolytic enzymes have capability to assimilate \"nitrogenous material and supply\"
them to plants.
The altitudinal increase of root-to-shoot (C/N) ratio is meticulously due to low nutrient
availability. This is because of “low Michorrizha availability for symbiotic relationship” to
supply nutrient as elevated altitudes lowered temperatures. Therefore, low temperature and low
soil microbial decomposition with organic matter with water logging & low nitrogen availability
make the plants to increase their C/N ratio as an ev.
Incoming and Outgoing Shipments in 2 STEPS Using Odoo 17
Yes, I do agree, that some eukaryotic cells survive only on the reso.pdf
1. Yes, I do agree, that some eukaryotic cells survive only on the resources provided by other
eukaryotic cells and that prokaryotic cells are not involved in this type of "supply for life".
Symbiotic root colonization by Eukaryotic cells by Mycorrhizal mycelia:
Mycorrhizal mycelia can only survive in a symbiotic relationship with other plant root "cells
(eukaryotic)" by supplying nitrogen materials to the plants followed by obtaining its nutrients
for survival. Mycorrhizal mycelia cannot survive outside the environment as prokaryotes do
The traits that allowed them to maintain symbiotic relationships are as explained in case of fungi,
in which hydrolytic enzymes have capability to assimilate "nitrogenous material and supply"
them to plants. The relative number of competitors, the relative availability of symbiotic partners
such as Mycorrhizal mycelia are living on the roots surface of the host plant as mutualistic
symbionts (supply of life) and enabling the host root colonization of land plants with increased
absorption of nutrients such as phosphates, nitrates, water etc. by providing the surface area for
absorption.
Fungi and plant symbiosis represents one of the most important interspecific eukaryotic
partnerships to have occurred on the planet. Fungal mycelia and ancient archaic prokaryotes are
living on the roots surface of the host land plants as mutualistic symbionts in 500 millions of
years ago and enabling the host root colonization with increased abruption of nutrients such as
phosphates, nitrates, water etc. by providing the surface area for absorption. This process
produced a vital photosynthesis rate by increasing total gross primary productivity finally
enhancing the release of exclusive amounts of oxygen in the atmosphere result in higher oxygen
concentration together to form ozone layer to protect against harmful UV radiation. The oxygen
gas is conductive to air-breathing animals on the land whereas dissolved oxygen is conductive to
all aquatic animals. These land plants with differential reproductive ability to produce
gametophytes enabled their sexual reproduction (embryophytes, all vascular plants including
angiosperms and gymnosperms) to produce more progeny to generate higher rate of
photosynthesis associated with increased rate of colonization to produce oxygen gas to air-
breathing animals.
The traits that allowed them to maintain symbiotic relationships are as explained in case of fungi,
in which hydrolytic enzymes have capability to assimilate "nitrogenous material and supply"
them to plants.
The altitudinal increase of root-to-shoot (C/N) ratio is meticulously due to low nutrient
availability. This is because of “low Michorrizha availability for symbiotic relationship” to
supply nutrient as elevated altitudes lowered temperatures. Therefore, low temperature and low
soil microbial decomposition with organic matter with water logging & low nitrogen availability
make the plants to increase their C/N ratio as an evolutionary adaptation. However, remaining
2. hydrogen ions, aluminum and phenol along with lignin content increases inside the soil.
Another example:
Protozoan Trichonympha agilis (Eukaryote, Phylum- Parabasala, Kingdom- Protista) cells looks
like threads and they possess flagella for their movement with 9+2 microtubular proteins for
siphoning and movement in the gut of thermites (eukaryotic cells). These protozoans cannot
survive outside i.e. in the environment other than host cells
These protozoans Dinenympha fimbriata including Trichonympha digest the cellulose eaten by
the thermites into simple soluble absorbable molecules and provide them. This way of living is
referred as endosymbiosis.
Solution
Yes, I do agree, that some eukaryotic cells survive only on the resources provided by other
eukaryotic cells and that prokaryotic cells are not involved in this type of "supply for life".
Symbiotic root colonization by Eukaryotic cells by Mycorrhizal mycelia:
Mycorrhizal mycelia can only survive in a symbiotic relationship with other plant root "cells
(eukaryotic)" by supplying nitrogen materials to the plants followed by obtaining its nutrients
for survival. Mycorrhizal mycelia cannot survive outside the environment as prokaryotes do
The traits that allowed them to maintain symbiotic relationships are as explained in case of fungi,
in which hydrolytic enzymes have capability to assimilate "nitrogenous material and supply"
them to plants. The relative number of competitors, the relative availability of symbiotic partners
such as Mycorrhizal mycelia are living on the roots surface of the host plant as mutualistic
symbionts (supply of life) and enabling the host root colonization of land plants with increased
absorption of nutrients such as phosphates, nitrates, water etc. by providing the surface area for
absorption.
Fungi and plant symbiosis represents one of the most important interspecific eukaryotic
partnerships to have occurred on the planet. Fungal mycelia and ancient archaic prokaryotes are
living on the roots surface of the host land plants as mutualistic symbionts in 500 millions of
years ago and enabling the host root colonization with increased abruption of nutrients such as
phosphates, nitrates, water etc. by providing the surface area for absorption. This process
produced a vital photosynthesis rate by increasing total gross primary productivity finally
enhancing the release of exclusive amounts of oxygen in the atmosphere result in higher oxygen
concentration together to form ozone layer to protect against harmful UV radiation. The oxygen
gas is conductive to air-breathing animals on the land whereas dissolved oxygen is conductive to
all aquatic animals. These land plants with differential reproductive ability to produce
gametophytes enabled their sexual reproduction (embryophytes, all vascular plants including
3. angiosperms and gymnosperms) to produce more progeny to generate higher rate of
photosynthesis associated with increased rate of colonization to produce oxygen gas to air-
breathing animals.
The traits that allowed them to maintain symbiotic relationships are as explained in case of fungi,
in which hydrolytic enzymes have capability to assimilate "nitrogenous material and supply"
them to plants.
The altitudinal increase of root-to-shoot (C/N) ratio is meticulously due to low nutrient
availability. This is because of “low Michorrizha availability for symbiotic relationship” to
supply nutrient as elevated altitudes lowered temperatures. Therefore, low temperature and low
soil microbial decomposition with organic matter with water logging & low nitrogen availability
make the plants to increase their C/N ratio as an evolutionary adaptation. However, remaining
hydrogen ions, aluminum and phenol along with lignin content increases inside the soil.
Another example:
Protozoan Trichonympha agilis (Eukaryote, Phylum- Parabasala, Kingdom- Protista) cells looks
like threads and they possess flagella for their movement with 9+2 microtubular proteins for
siphoning and movement in the gut of thermites (eukaryotic cells). These protozoans cannot
survive outside i.e. in the environment other than host cells
These protozoans Dinenympha fimbriata including Trichonympha digest the cellulose eaten by
the thermites into simple soluble absorbable molecules and provide them. This way of living is
referred as endosymbiosis.