Sprinkler Irrigation is a method of applying irrigation water which is similar to rainfall.
Water is distributed through a system of pipes usually by pumping at pressure above 2 kg/cm2.
It is then sprayed into the air and irrigated entire soil surface through spray heads so that it breaks up into small water drops which fall to the ground.
Pressurized irrigation through devices called sprinklers.
3. WHAT IS SPRINKLER IRRIGATION ?
Sprinkler Irrigation is a method of applying irrigation
water which is similar to rainfall.
Water is distributed through a system of pipes usually
by pumping at pressure above 2 kg/cm2.
It is then sprayed into the air and irrigated entire soil
surface through spray heads so that it breaks up into
small water drops which fall to the ground.
Pressurized irrigation through devices called
sprinklers.
4. INTRODUCTION
Water is key factor in increasing agricultural
production, in such case irrigation is most important
factor.
One such method of modern irrigation is sprinkler
irrigation system which is becoming more and more
popular among the farmers across the developed
country.
5. SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM
Spraying Water like a natural rainfall.
Water pressure through nozzle.
Pressure is provide by a pump.
Selection of nozzle sizes, operating pressure and
spacing.
6. COMPONENTS OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION
SYSTEM
Water source – open well / tube well / bore well /
canal etc.
Pumping unit – centrifugal, submersible
Sprinkler – main and lateral pipe lines, riser pipe,
sprinklers (nozzles)
9. OTHER ACCESSORIES USED IN SPRINKLER
IRRIGATION SYSTEM :
1. Reducers
2. Elbows
3. End plug Tees
4. Regulators and Gauges
5. Valves
6. Filters
10. SOIL SUITABILITY
Suitable for lands and on shallow soils.
Best suited to coarse sandy terrain.
Suitable in undulating terrain.
Adopted in hilly regions.
CROPS SUITABILITY
• All crops are suitable except like paddy, jute, etc.
• The dry crops, vegetables, flowering crops, orchards,
plantation crops like tea, coffee are all suitable and
can be irrigated through sprinklers.
11. SELECTING THE MOST APPROPRIATE
SPRINKLER SYSTEM
While selecting a sprinkler system, the most
important physical parameters to be considered are :-
1. The crop or crops to be cultivated.
2. The shape and size (acres) of the field.
3. The topography of the field.
4. The amount of time and labour to operate the
system.
12. TYPES OF SPRINKLER SYSTEM
There are many types of Sprinkler systems
available in the market. On the basis of the
arrangement for spraying irrigation water, sprinkler
systems are classified as :
1. Rotating head system
2. Perforated pipe system
18. ADVANTAGES OF SPRINKLER
IRRIGATION SYSTEM
Sprinkler irrigation does not require surface shaping
of levelling.
Can be applied to areas of variable topography.
Flexibility is possible because sprinkler heads are
available in a wide range of discharge capacities.
Cost of labour is generally reduced.
Erosion of soil can be eliminated.
19. ADVANTAGES OF SPRINKLER
IRRIGATION SYSTEM
Chemical and fertilizer applications are easily used
with sprinkler systems.
Increase in yield and quality, early ripening, water
conservation and alternative value of specific period
saving of labour, machinery, fertilizer and pesticides.
Soil moisture is maintained at optimum level by
sprinkler irrigation .
20. LIMITATION IN THE APPLICATION OF
SPRINKLER IRRIGATION
1. Uneven water distribution due to high winds.
2. Evaporation loss when opening under high temperatures.
3. Highly impermeable soils are not suitable.
4. Initial cost is high.
5. Proper design.
6. Lack of package of practices.
7. Lack of awareness.
8. Lack of social concern to save natural resources.
9. High water pressure required in sprinkler (>2.5 kg/cm2).
10. Difficulty in irrigation during wind in sprinkler.
