this presentation depicts a brief exploration about mongol empire. it will give you enlightenment on Mongols contribution during the period of the Muslim world domination.

1. How They Pulled Off Impossibility

2. The Mongols were
incredible warriors.
The Mongols are nomadic
tribes who for centuries
wandered the highlands
and plains of Mongolia,
fighting one another and
seeking pasture for their
herds
Long time ago, (13th Century).

3. Genghis Khan means
“Ruler of the World”
Early (13th Century)
Genghis Khan unites Mongol tribes.
Temujin

4. Naimans,
Merkits,
Tatars,
Khamag
Mongols,
Keraites
Uniting the Mongol confederations

5. Genghis Khan was very smart. All the great khans
during the Empire’s peaking years were.
The Mongols were good at fighting, not just because
they were strong, but because they used good
strategies.

6. Used bows, arrows, and
swords but also canons –
a new technology
Skilled attacking on
horseback
trick their opponents.
Often faked a retreat to
lure enemies into a trap
War strategy and tactics

7. M

10. v

11. Siege machine, it was
basically the tool used to
break into the places they
wanted to invade.

12. Another way the Mongols won their wars was by
rotating fighters. Some men were archers, and
some were lancers.

13. There were three rounds of rotating archers.
The bows were light and could shoot with
deadly accuracy, straight to the bull’s eye,
even from hundreds of meters away.

14. After the archers
tired out the enemy,
lancers would come in.
Lancers would come
in with their long,
sharp spear-like
weapons and finish the
enemies off.

15. The lances and bows and arrows were very light and
small. This was needed because the Mongols’ favorite
way of moving from place to place was on horseback.

16. The Mongols kept many horses with them. These
horses were nearly no more than ponies, comparatively
small in size for battle horses.

17. Military
• Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals
• Regarded them as close advisors
• He allowed them to make decisions on their own

18. The Mongols brought entire civilizations to their
knees, time and a gain, by employing these tactics.
They had Russia, China, and Turkey, just to name
some of the big ones.

19. • The Mongols extend their conquests.
• They turned westward across Asia to Persia.
Year 1215
Genghis khan’s forces had destroyed China’
capital city and gained enormous wealth

20. By Year 1219,
Genghis khan’s forces captured most of
Central Asia including the trading cities of
Tashkent, Samarkand and Bukhara.
In 1216 ,
The Mongols’ brutal advance was finally
stopped in Palestine by the army of the
mamluks – The Turkish rulers of Egypt.

21. Death and burial
 In August 1227, during the fall
of Yinchuan, the capital of Western Xia,
Genghis Khan died.
 Genghis Khan asked to be buried without
markings, according to the customs of his
tribe.
• After he died, his body was returned to
Mongolia and presumably to his
birthplace

22. The largest empire Mongols built the
world had ever known
By 1227,
The eastern part of Muslim world had fallen to
Mongols

24. • Continued to expand Mongol empire
in every direction and also
established a new capital city at
Karakorum, Mongolia.
• Moved into eastern Europe
conquering city-states and
principalities of Russia, Ukraine,
Belarus including the major city of
Kiev.
 Kiev fell in 5 days and massive
of slaughter took place.
In1229
Genghis khan’s third son, Ogedei became his
successor.

25. The Mongol empire divided among several
princes, the most powerful was Kublai
khan, ruler of China.

26. Four Separate Mongol Khanates being
established:
Golden Horde in Russia, led by Batu Khan;
The Ilkhanate in Persia, led by Hülegü Khan;
The Chagatai Khanate, comprising the
traditional heartland of the Mongols, led by
Chagatai Khan; and
The Yuan dynasty in China, led by Kublai
Khan

27. In 1241,
Ogedei died,
Batu Khan took over.
The Russians called the Mongols the “Golden Horde”.
Gold was the color of Batu’s tent, Horde is the Mongol
word for camp. The Mongols allowed the Russian
princes rule their states as long as they continued to pay
“tributes” of money and give laborers to the Mongol
rulers.

28. Genghis grandson, Hulago invaded Persia
Storming Baghdad in
1258,
The Mongols burned, plundered,
and killed with savage fury.
Hulagu
A year later,
The Mongol marched into
Syria, again killing and
looting.

29. In 1271,
The great khan named himself the founder of the Yuan
Dynasty in China, and moved in earnest to finally conquer
the Song Dynasty.
The last Song emperor surrendered
in 1276, marking the Mongol
victory over all of China. Korea
also was forced to pay tribute to the
Yuan.

31. By the beginning of 14th century,
The Muslim world seemed secure
The Muslims had recaptured the lst
Christian state found by crusaders in the
near east.
The Mongols were converted into Islam.

32. • After the Mongols conquered many lands and
created their enormous empire there came a
peaceful time called the Pax Mongolica .
- Pax Mongolica, also known as the Mongol
Peace, was a period of time where peace,
stability, economic growth, cultural diffusion
and development were happening around the
Mongol’s occupied territories.
The Mongols created networks of trade routes
all around Asia and Europe
In addition to establishing a world-wide trade
system, the Mongols also developed a postal
system. It was called the Yam.

34. In the late 1300’s,
The Mongols once again menaced the
near east.
Tamerlane leads new Mongol invasions.
- Son of a Central Asian chieftain who
claimed descent from Genghis khan.

36. Decline of Mongol Empire
Disintegration of the Empire
Invasions of other empires
Rebellion in Golden Horde against
Mongol rule
the result of internal factors

37. The Mongols were ruthless fighters who had
extensive knowledge on the arts of war. It was
with these traits that they helped shape a major
chunk of history.

38. The End.