This document introduces matter and the metric system. It defines matter as anything that has mass and volume. The key properties of matter are then discussed as mass, weight, volume, and density. The metric system is introduced as being based on powers of 10 for consistent measurement units. The basic metric units of the meter, liter, and gram are covered along with common metric prefixes and their meaning in terms of powers of 10 when placed before a base unit.

1. Introduction to Matter and the Metric System 7 th Grade Physical Science Mr. Riordan

2. What is Matter? Matter is all things that we can see, touch, and smell in our daily lives.

3. Matter is what the universe is made of

4. We are made of matter

5. Matter has properties. A property is a characteristic of something that helps identify it, and which makes it unique. Properties describe an object .

6. Properties of Matter There are some properties of matter. These properties are mass, weight, volume, and density . Our working definition of matter is any substance that has mass and volume

7. MASS Mass is the amount of matter in an object . Mass is constant

8. It cannot be changed unless you add or remove matter from an object.

9. The metric units that are used to express mass are the gram (g), milligram (mg) , and the kilogram (kg).

10. The amount of space an object takes up or occupies is called its volume.

11. The metric units that are used to express volume are the liter (L), milliliter (mL) , and the cubic centimeter (cm 3 ). Liters and milliliters are used to measure the volume of liquids . Cubic centimeters are used to measure the volume of solids .

12. History of the Metric System Developed in Lyon, France, ~1670 Created to make consistent units for measurement Based on “powers of 10” …what does this mean?

13. The Basic Metric Units Meter : base unit for length Liter : base unit for volume Gram : base unit for mass

14. Powers of 10 Prefixes in front of the base unit tell if the measurement is greater or less than the base unit. Each prefix is a factor of ten . This makes it easy to convert between units.

15. How big is a …. Kilometer? 1000x larger then a meter Meter? Height of a standard countertop Centimeter? 100x smaller then a meter, the width of a dime Millimeter? 1000x smaller then a meter, the thickness of a dime

16. Metric Prefixes Kilo 1000x Larger Smaller Base Units Kilo 1000 X larger Hecto 100 X larger Deka 10 X larger (no prefix) Meter Liter Gram Deci One Tenth 1/10 Centi One Hundreth 1/100 Milli One Thousanth 1/1000

17. Using a Ruler What is the length of the blue arrow?

18. Using a Ruler ALWAYS measure with the starting point at the “0” mark!

19. Kilometer - km 1000 times larger than a meter. 12 blocks less than a mile. Main span of GW bridge

20. Hectameter - hm 100x larger than a meter. Height of Statue of Liberty from base to torch

21. Decameter - dam 10 x larger than a meter Length of a school bus

22. Meter - m Length of a meter stick. Height of a counter top

23. Decimeter - dm 10x smaller than a meter. Height of a can of soda.

24. Centimeter - cm 100x smaller than a meter ½ width of a dime

25. Millimeter - mm 1000x smaller than a meter The thickness of a dime

26. Micrometer - um 1,000,000x smaller than a meter. diameter of a bacteria cell

27. Nanometer - nm 1,000,000,000x smaller than a meter. Thickness of a DNA molecule.

28. Kilogram - kg 1000x heavier than a gram Mass of a liter of orange juice.

29. Hectogram - hg 100x heavier than a gram. Mass of a stick of butter.

30. Decagram - dkg 10 x heavier than a gram Mass of 2 nickels

31. Gram - g Mass of a paper clip

32. Decigram - dg 10 x lighter than a gram. Mass of 10 grains of salt

33. Centigram - cg 100x lighter than a gram. Mass of a single grain of salt.

34. Milligram - mg 1,000x lighter than a gram. Mass of a mosquito

35. Microgram - ug 1,000,000x lighter than a gram Mass of a flour particle

36. Nanogram - ng 1,000,000,000x lighter than a gram Mass of a human cell.

37. Kiloliter - kL 1000x larger than a liter Volume of a fridge 1,000,000 cm 3

38. Hectoliter - hL 100x larger than a liter. 100,000 cm 3 Volume of two kitchen trashcans

39. Decaliter - dkL 10 x larger than a liter. 10,000 cm 3 Volume of 3 gallons of milk

40. Liter - L 100 cm 3 Volume of 3 cans of soda

41. Deciliter - dL 10x smaller than a liter. 100 cm 3 Volume of a dixie cup

42. Centiliter - cL 100x smaller than a liter 10 cm 3 2 tablespoons of liquid

43. Milliliter - mL 1000x smaller than a liter 1 cm 3 Volume of a cube of sugar

44. Microliter - uL 1,000,000x smaller than a liter 0.001 cm 3 Crystal of table salt

45. nanoLiter - nL 1,000,000,000x smaller than a liter. 0.000001 cm 3