The document discusses the discovery and production of the antibiotic penicillin. It notes that penicillin was the first antibiotic discovered in 1928 by Alexander Fleming and the first commercial product produced through submerged fermentation. The production process involves growing penicillium mold in fermentation tanks with sugar to increase its growth, then separating the penicillin product from the mold, and finally purifying it for use as an antibiotic medicine.

1. Role of fungus penicillium in the
production of the antibiotic
Penicillin
How fermenters are used in
the production of Penicillin

2. Background
Antibiotics are antimicrobial agents produced naturally by
other microbes ( usually fungi or bacteria.)
The first antibiotic was discovered in 1896 and then
penicillin was discovered in 1928 by Alexander
Flemming.
Penicillin was the first important commercial product
produced by submerged fermentation.
Finding a new antibiotic and getting it on the market can
take up to 15 years.

3. Penicillium mold naturally produces the
antibiotic penicillin.
Production (stage1)

4. Scientists learned to grow penicillium mold in deep
fermentation tanks by adding a kind of sugar. This
process increases the growth of penicillium.
Production (stage2)

5. Scientists separate the penicillin product
from the mold
Production (stage3)
(Not separated)(separated)

6. Finally, penicillin is purified for use as an
antibiotic medicine
Production (stage3)
(Alexander Flemming)

7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqypThklwz4
How Penicillin kills bacteria