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How to do CPR
This document provides guidelines for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) according to the 2010 American Heart Association guidelines. It outlines the basic steps for performing CPR on adults, children, and infants, including checking for responsiveness, calling for help, checking breathing, beginning chest compressions, providing breaths, using an automated external defibrillator, and relieving choking. The guidelines emphasize compressing at a rate of 100 times per minute and adjusting hand placement and compression depth based on the age of the victim.
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How to do CPR
- 1. How to doCPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) . 2010 Guidelines American Heart Association m First Response Training, LLC
- 2. Disclaimer This presentationis not a substitute from taking a class in person. Please use this presentation as a refresher. Please sign up for a class to get to practice the “hands on skills” Conor Devery, EMT-P……….. First Response Training, LLC
- 3. Adult CPR Make sure scene is safe Check for responsiveness If no response, call 911 and get the AED Check for breathing Check for movement Begin chest compressions Continue 30 compressions and 2 breaths until the AED arrives, EMS takes over, or the victim moves If uncomfortable doing mouth to mouth – just do compressions
- 4. Hand Placement Placeheel of one hand in center of chest Interlock fingers of the other hand Lean forward so your shoulders are over your hands Press straight down with elbows straight Push down at least 2 inches Push at a rate (speed) of 100 compressions per minute
- 5. Airway Management Mouth –to - Mouth Mouth – to - Mask If you are uncomfortable doing mouth- to-mouth then skip it and Just do Compressions
- 6. Adult CPR -Reminders Take 5-10 seconds to check for breathing and movement. Ensure chest rises with each breath Place hands in the center of the chest for compressions Allow chest to recoil completely or return to its normal position Compression rate: 100/minute Compress at least 2 inches
- 7. Child CPR Check for responsiveness Yell for help but don't leave the victim Check for breathing Max. of 10 seconds Check for movement Begin chest compressions After 30 compressions give 2 breaths Continue 30 compressions and 2 breaths for 5 cycles or 2 minutes If still no response, activate 911 and get the AED
- 8. Hand Placement -Child Rescuer can use one or two hands to do compressions Place heel of one hand in center of chest in line with nipple line. Lean forward so your shoulders are over your hands Press straight down with elbows Push down at least 1/3 to ½ depth of chest straight Push at a rate (speed) of 100 compressions per minute If one arm is not strong enough use both hands.
- 9. Child CPR -Reminders Take 5-10 seconds to check for breathing and movement Ensure chest rises with each breath Place hands in the center of the chest for compressions Use 1 or 2 hands for compressions Allow chest to recoil completely Compression rate: 100/minute Compress 1/3 to 1/2 the depth of the chest Phone 911 after 5 cycles of CPR if you are alone
- 10. Infant CPR Check for responsiveness Yell for help but don't leave the victim Check for breathing Max. of 10 seconds Check for movement Begin chest compressions After 30 compressions give 2 breaths Continue 30 compressions and 2 breaths for 5 cycles or 2 minutes If still no response, activate 911 and get the AED
- 11.
- 12. Infant Mouth –to – Mouth and Nose Resuscitation
- 13. Infant CPR -Reminders Take 5-10 seconds to check for breathing and movement Ensure chest rises with each breath Perform compressions using 2 fingers placed 1 finger width below the nipple line Allow chest to recoil completely Compression rate: 100/minute Compress 1/3 the depth of the chest Phone 911 after 5 cycles of CPR if you are alone AED can now be used for infants
- 14.
- 15. When NOT todo Choking Relief If a person appears to be choking Ask the patient “Are you choking.” If they can talk, or cough, they are not fully choking Encourage them to keep coughing Call 911 Do NOT do abdominal thrusts if they can talk or cough
- 16. Adult Choking -Responsive • Stand behind the person and wrap your arms around the person’s waist. • Make a fist with one hand. Place the thumb side of your fist just above the person’s navel, well below the breastbone. .. • Grasp the fist with your hand. • Make quick, upward and inward thrusts with your fists. • Continue thrusts until the object is dislodged or the person loses consciousness. • If the person becomes unconscious, lower person to the floor, call 911, and begin CPR. If you see the object blocking the airway, try to remove it.
- 17. Adult Choking -Responsive 1/2 way between navel and xyphoid
- 18. Adult Choking -Unresponsive Lower them to the ground and begin the steps of CPR Check mouth for object after 30 compressions If you see the object, you can remove it Don't forget to call 911 and get the AED Do not perform a blind finger sweep
- 19. Child Choking -Responsive
- 20. Child Choking -Responsive Performing first aid for a choking child is very similar to an adult. If the child does not clearly grab their throat other danger signs for a child and an adult include: Inability to speak Weak, ineffective coughing Noisy breathing or high-pitched sounds while inhaling Difficulty breathing Bluish skin color Loss of consciousness if blockage is not cleared
- 21. Child Choking -Unresponsive Lower them to the ground and begin the steps of CPR Look in the mouth before each breath If you see the object, you can remove it Don't forget to call 911 and get the AED Do not perform a blind finger sweep
- 22. Infant Choking The dangersigns of true choking are: DO NOT •Inability to cry or make much sound •DO NOT perform •Weak, ineffective coughing these steps if the •Soft or high-pitched sounds while infant is coughing inhaling forcefully or has a •Difficulty breathing - ribs and chest strong cry – either of retract which can dislodge •Bluish skin color the object on its own. •Loss of consciousness if blockage is not cleared
- 23. Infant Choking Step 1:Back Blows Step 2: Chest Thrusts
- 24. Infant Choking Step 3:Object Removal • Only remove object if you can see it. • No blind finger sweeps • If object not visible go back to back blows and chest thrusts
- 25. Choking Infant -Unresponsive Unresponsive Infant Place them on a hard, flat surface and begin the steps of CPR Look in the mouth before each breath If you see the object, you can remove it Don't forget to call 911 after 2 minutes (5 cycles) of CPR
- 26.
- 27. Automated External Defibrillator (AED) AEDs are computerized devices that allow laypersons to attempt defibrillation safely. Here are a few facts about defibrillation: It is the most effective treatment for Ventricular Fibrillation, the most common initial rhythm present in a victim of sudden cardiac arrest. The probability of successful defibrillation decreases rapidly over time
- 28. Use of anAED Power on the AED Apply pads to the victim's bare chest Plug the pads into the AED "Clear" the victim and allow it to analyze If a shock is advised, "clear" the victim again and press the shock button Continue chest compressions Every 2 minutes the power button AED will repeat the steps shock button
- 29. Adult Child Infant (age 9 and older) (1 year to puberty) (less than 1 year) Activate 911 as soon as victim if alone, after 5 cycles of CPR is found Compression Center of the chest between the Just below the Location nipples nipple line Compression Heal of 1 hand same as adult or 2 fingers Method with the other on heal of 1 hand for (2 hands encircling- top small children thumb for 2-rescuer) Compression 100 per minute Rate Compression- 30:2 30:2 Ventilation Ratio (or “hands only”) AED yes yes Yes (adult pads only) (child pads preferable. (child pads preferable. If none, use adult) If none, use adult)
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