Fish farming is the principal form of aquaculture, while other methods may fall under mariculture. Fish farming involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food. A facility that releases juvenile fish into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species' natural numbers is generally referred to as a fish hatchery. Worldwide, the most important fish species used in fish farming are carp, salmon, tilapia and catfish. There is an increasing demand for fish and fish protein, which has resulted in widespread overfishing in wild fisheries. Fish farming offers fish marketers another source. However, farming carnivorous fish, such as salmon, does not always reduce pressure on wild fisheries, since carnivorous farmed fish are usually fed fishmeal and fish oil extracted from wild forage fish. The global returns for fish farming recorded by the FAO in 2008 totalled 33.8 million tonnes worth about $US 60 billion. Specific types of fish farms[edit source | editbeta] Within intensive and extensive aquaculture methods, there are numerous specific types of fish farms; each has benefits and applications unique to its design. Cage system[edit source | editbeta] Giant gourami is often raised in cages in central Thailand Fish cages are placed in lakes, bayous, ponds, rivers or oceans to contain and protect fish until they can be harvested. The method is also called "off-shore cultivation[7] " when the cages are placed in the sea. They can be constructed of a wide variety of components. Fish are stocked in cages, artificially fed, and harvested when they reach market size. A few advantages of fish farming with cages are that many types of waters can be used (rivers, lakes, filled quarries, etc.), many types of fish can be raised, and fish farming can co-exist with sport fishing and other water uses. Cage farming of fishes in open seas is also gaining popularity. Concerns of disease, poaching, poor water quality, etc., lead some to believe that in general, pond systems are easier to manage and simpler to start. Also, past occurrences of cage-failures leading to escapes, have raised concern regarding the culture of non-native fish species in open-water cages. Even though the cage-industry has made numerous technological advances in cage construction in recent years, the concern for escapes remains valid. Main article: Copper alloys in aquaculture Recently, copper alloys have become important netting materials in aquaculture. Copper alloys are antimicrobial, that is, they destroy bacteria, viruses, fungi, algae, and other microbes. In the marine environment, the antimicrobial/algaecidal properties of copper alloys prevent biofouling, which can briefly be described as the undesirable accumulation, adhesion, and growth of microorganisms, plants, algae, tube worms, barnacles, mollusks, and other organisms. S.S. Presents Made By Siddhartha Satyakama.

5. Hey, Fisherman!Hey, Gentleman!How was you, my
friend?
I am fine!
Thankyou!
What do you know
about, “Fishing”?
Okay! I gonna tell you
about, “Fishing”?
Let’s go ahead!

6.  Fish Farming
 Capture & Culture Fishing
 Marine Fisheries
 Mariculture
 Inland Fisheries
 Composite Fish farming
 Quality Fish Seed

7. • Fish is a cheap source of animal
protein.

8. • Enclosures like tanks are used to produce
fish for commercial purposes, called fish
farming.

9. Catla Rohu

10. Prawn Molluscs

11. Capture Fishing Culture Fishing

12. • Capture Fishing: Capture
fishing involves obtaining fish
from natural resources. Like in
sea water or fresh water.
• Culture Fishing: Culture
fishing involves culturing the fish
in small enclosures.

13. Fishing
Marine Fishery Inland Fishery

14. • Fishing in saltwater regions is called Marine
Fisheries.
• Mariculture involves culturing of fish in
marine water.
• Marine fishery resources include 7,500 KM
of the Indian Coastline.

15. Mackerel
Pomphret Tuna

16. • Fishes harvested from saltwater regions.

17. • Mariculture involves culturing of fish in
marine water.
• Mariculture is a specialized branch
of aquaculture involving the cultivation
of marine organisms for food and other
products in the open ocean, an enclosed
section of the ocean.

19. • Inland fisheries comprise fresh water &
sea water where fish are trapped or
captured.
• Fresh water resources include canals,
ponds, reservoirs & rivers.
• Sea water resources include oceans.
• There is an overlap between bodies of
water classified as coastal and
bodies of water classified as estuaries.
lagoons

22. • The Composite fish farming system is a technology developed in India by the
Indian Council of Agricultural Research in the 1970s.
• In this system both local and imported fish species, a combination of five or
six fish species is used in a single fish pond.
• These species are selected so that they do not compete for food among
them having different types of food habitats.
• As a result the food available in all the parts of the pond is used.
• Fish used in this system include catla and silver carp which are surface
feeders, rohu a column feeder and mrigal and common carp which are
bottom feeders.
• Other fish will also feed on the excreta of the common carp and this helps
contribute to the efficiency of the system which in optimal conditions will
produce 3000–6000 kg of fish per hectare per year.

23. Grass Carp
Catlas
Rohus
Common Carp
Mrigal
Surface Feeders
Middle-Zone Feeders
Bottom Feeders
Weed Feeders

24. • These fishes can use all
the food in the pond
without fighting with each
other.
• This increases the fish
yield from the pond.

25. • In intensive culture systems there is a decreased dependence on the
availability of natural food and greater dependency on the use of
commercial feeds.
• Densities of fish kept within such holding areas are limited by species
tolerance, ability to grow at raised stocking densities and maintenance
of environmental parameters rather than the production of a natural
food supply.

26. • Extensive aquaculture is the other form of fish farming.
• Extensive aquaculture is more basic than intensive aquaculture in
that less effort is put into the husbandry of the fish.
• Extensive aquaculture is done in the ocean, natural and man-made
lakes, bays, rivers, and Fiords.
• Fish are contained within these habitats by multiple mesh enclosures
which also function as trapping nets during harvest.

27. • One problem with such composite fish culture is that
many of these fish breed only during monsoon.
• Even if fish seed is collected from the wild, it can be
mixed with that of other species as well. So, a major
problem in fish farming is the lack of availability of good-
quality seed.
• To overcome this problem, ways have now been worked
out to breed these fish in ponds using hormonal
stimulation.
• Fishes are now injected with hormones that stimulate
the production of eggs or seeds.
• This has ensured the supply of pure fish seed in desired
quantities.

29. Q: How many types of fish farming are there? Name them.
A: There are two types of fish farming:
(a) Capture Fishing (b) Culture Fishing
Q: How many types of fishing are there? Name them.
A: There are two types of fishing:
(a) Marine Fishing (b) Inland Fishing
Q: Which types of fishes are these:
(a) Prawn (b) Molluscs
A: Shell Fishes

30. Q: Which fish feed at the surface of the sea?
a) Rohus
b) Grass Carp
c) Catlas
d) Common Carp Mrigal
Q: Identify the diagram below:
Estuaries