INTRODUCTION TO AFA- FISH CULTURE ASPECTS, CLASSIFICATION AND METHODS IN FISH CULTURE.

1. CHAPTER 7:
FISH CULTURE
LESSON 1: ASPECTS, CLASSIFICATIONS, AND METHODS OF FISH CULTURE
PRESENTATION BY: ANDRELYN D. DITAN & ANGEL D. SAMPAGA

2. WHAT IS FISH CULTURE?
➢Fish culture or also known as “fish farming” is the process of raising desirable
species of fish in captivity and managing them and their environment to improve
growth and reproduction.
➢Is a program where it is introduced to enhance awareness and adopt some of the
technology and its adoption as an additional source of food and income.

3. PHASES OR ASPECTS OF FISH CULTURE
1. FISH CULTIVATION
• The rearing of fish under
Controlled and semi-controlled
Conditions.

4. FISH CULTURE AND REARING TYPES
• 1. COMPOSITE FISH CULTURE
- Also known as polyculture, is the maximum exploitation of aquatic resources through the
introduction of selected varieties of compatible fish to achieve high productivity.
• 2. CAGE CULTURE
- In cage culture, the fishes are reared in a cage made of nylon and wooden frame and
sometimes in a cage made of bamboo mesh. These cages are kept in flowing wastewater
canals.

5. • 3. INTEGRATED FISH CULTURE
- Culturing of fish in association with agriculture or ducks or chicks or pigs or prawns is called
integrated fish culture. Fish wastes fertilize the crop fields while wastes from crops and poultry
integrated-fish-culture chicks are used as feed by fish.
• TYPES OF INTEGRATED FISH CULTURE:
❖A. FISH-PRAWN CULTURE - Prawns are cultured in ponds which are meant for carp culture in
this method. The excreta of carp fishes constitute food for prawns.
❖B. FISH-POULTRY CULTURE - In this type of poultry farm is constructed over a platform built of
bamboo sticks above the water level of the pond. This facilitates direct fertilization of the pond by
droppings of chick which are rich in nitrogen and phosphorus.

6. ❖C. RICE - FISH CULTURE - Fish are cultured in rice fields in this method. Fishes that
can live in a depth of 15cm are selected for this culture. The rice variety selected for this
purpose should also develop a strong root system.
❖D. FISH CULTURE IN POKKALI FIELDS - This practice is followed in Kerala.
Prawn, fish, and rice are cultured on a rotational basis in the pokkali rice fields which are
influenced by the tides of Vembanad backwaters. Rice cultivation is taken up from June to
September. Fish and prawns are cultured up to May.
❖E. COCONUT OR BANANA - FISH CULTURE
- In banana or coconut fields, the ditches or canals in between the rows of plants can be utilized
for fish culture in this method. These canals are always filled with water and rich in insect
populations.

7. ❖4. LACUSTRINE FISHERIES
- The culture of fish intake constitutes lacustrine fisheries. Natural lakes of 0.72 million hectares and
manmade lakes of 65 million hectares are available for fish culture in India.
❖5. SEWAGE FISHERIES
- In many countries fish are introduced and cultured on a commercial basis in sewage canals and
ponds. The sewage is used as fertilizer in culture ponds and as feed for fish.

8. 2. FISH PROPAGATION
• The process of increasing fish life either by natural or artificial means of reproduction
The following are the different methods 2.
Of propagation:
1. ARTIFICIAL PROPAGATION
3.

9. 3. FISH CONSERVATION
• The scientific means of conserving fish and other fishery aquatic products/resources. It helps to keep the
sport of fishing alive. It also helps to maintain the balance of certain ecosystems.

10. CLASSIFICATION OF FISH CULTURE
1. ACCORDING TO EXTENT OF FINANCIAL INVESTMENT
• A. INTENSIVE - Utilizes limited area with very high investment
• B. EXTENSIVE - Utilizes a wide area with minimal capital and very low production
• C. SEMI-INTENSIVE - Employ some or the majority of the modern techniques of production

11. 2. ACCORDING TO PURPOSE
• A. For Commerce Or For Business
• B. For Recreation Or For Enjoyment
• C. For Educational And Cultural Or Scientific Pursuit
• D. For Food Production
3. ACCORDING TO DESIGN
• A. Natural Pond
• B. Artificial Pond
4. ACCORDING TO THE STATE OF WATER
• A. Still Water
• B. Running Water

12. 5. ACCORDING TO SALINITY
• A. Freshwater
• B. Brackish-water
• C. Marine Or Saltwater
6. ACCORDING TO TEMPERATURE
• A. Warm Water Or Hot Water
• B. Cold Water
7. ACCORDING TO SPECIES RAISED
• A. Freshwater Species
• B. Brackish-water Species
• C. Marine Or Saltwater Species

13. METHODS OF FISH CULTIVATION IN FISH CULTURE
• Based on the structures used in Fish Cultivation, they can be
classified into five(5) methods:
1. FISH POND METHOD
2. FISH PEN METHOD
3. FISH CAGE METHOD
4. FISH TANKS METHOD
5. OPEN-WATER METHOD

14. FISH POND METHOD
• Fish pond is the most widely used. Fry or fingerlings of one or more species
are stocked and reared in ponds up to harvest time. Natural food is grown in
ponds. The supplementary feed is added. The method of harvesting is
draining the pond. Retrieval of fish in this way is complete. Another method
of harvesting is freshening in the case of bangus. Having positive
rheotaxism, the fish are induced to go against the water current by the gate
and concentrated into a catching pond where they are scooped.

15. FISH PEN METHOD
• The fish pen method of fish cultivation is undertaken in net enclosures in
shallow protected areas of inland waters. Bamboo and wood materials ate
used as posts and braces. Its lower end is embedded in the mud to prevent the
escape of stock by excavating under, while the upper end is extended two
meters or more beyond the water level to escape of fish by jumping out.
Harvest of fish is done by seining or shocking them with electricity.

16. FISH CAGE METHOD
• The fish cage method of fish cultivation is also undertaken in inland bodies of
water, both in flowing and still water ones. The structure used is also made of
nets. PVC pipes as framing materials are preferred to that wood or bamboo. A
cage is much smaller than a fish pen. The cage is closed on all sides and
installed in suspension. The fish cage is stationary and movable. Floating and
fixed cages have an open tops. The growth rate of fish is dependent on the
kind and amount of food given and the suitability of the environment.
Harvesting stock is relatively easy and complete. The fish is either scooped or
the cage is merely brought out of the water to empty the fish.

17. FISH TANK METHOD
• The fish tank method of fish cultivation is practiced primarily by fish
hobbyists and in pet shops. The method employs varying sizes and shapes of
fish culture structures. These include glass bowls or aquaria and wooden or
concrete tanks. This method of cultivation is done outdoors and indoors. The
method involves the rearing or breeding of ornamental or fancy, colorful
species of fish.

18. OPEN-WATER METHOD
• The fifth method of fish cultivation is the open-water method.
It is done in bays, coastal lagoons, canals, and similar
environments.

19. WHY IS FISH CULTURE IMPORTANT?
• Through aquaculture, our oceans, seas, and inland freshwaters hold huge potential to provide us
with increased amounts of healthy and nutritious food. This is needed to feed an ever-growing
human population so aquaculture helps us with our food security.
• Increase income and also improve livelihoods, promote economic growth, and protect our
environment and natural resources.
• Make an important contribution to sustainable incomes and employment opportunities.
• And many more…..

20. THANK YOU!!!
SUBMITTED TO: PROF. JUSTINA “JUSTIN” DOCTOR