Collateral Consequences of Conviction and Employment Barriers
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CJCJ's Executive Director Daniel Macallair, is a practitioner-in-residence at San Francisco State University (SFSU)'s Department of Criminal Justice Studies. These slides are from his Community Corrections and Sentencing course materials.
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Collateral Consequences of Conviction and Employment Barriers
- 1. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Collateral Consequences of Conviction Civil Disabilities
- 2. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Civil Disabilities and collateral consequences Results from assumption that convicted offender lacks “good moral Character
- 3. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Typical Collateral Consequences • Loss of right to serve on jury • Loss of credibility as a witness • Public office restrictions • Employment-related restrictions • Loss of capacity to be bonded • Loss of right to own or possess a firearm • Denial of welfare benefits • Loss of parental rights • Grounds for divorce • Barred from serving in armed forces • Required registration with local law enforcement • Loss of pension rights • Denial of student financial aid
- 4. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Employment Related Restrictions • Public employment • Private employment • Right to occupational license • Loss of capacity to be bonded
- 5. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Occupational Licensing • Affects 350 occupations and professions • Granted only to persons of “good moral character” • Rehabilitation does not eliminate licensing barriers
- 6. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Occupations Requiring License • Accountant/CPA • Alarm system installer • Architect • Banking • Child care provider • Commercial fishing • Electrician • Engineer • Locksmith • Optician • Painter • Pesticide applicator • Acupuncturist • Asbestos removal • Barber/hairdresser • Bus driver • Chiropractor • Cosmetologist • Dentist • Midwife • Home inspector • Paramedic • Plumber • Real estate • Social worker • Appraiser/real estate • Charter board operator • Insurance agent • Occupational therapist • Teacher • Water systems operator
- 7. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Collateral consequences of convictions for sex offenders • Sex offender registration • Sex offender notification laws
- 8. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Social Stigmatization Most frequent collateral consequence of conviction
- 9. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Impact of Social Stigmatization and Reduced Employability • Individual is barred from professional employment • Individual is locked into menial employment • Upward mobility is blocked • Creates permanent class of marginal citizens
- 10. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Restoring rights of the offender and promoting assimilation • Full pardon • Conditional pardon • Expungement • Reductions • Sealing of records • Certificate of rehabilitation
- 11. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Providing Employment Services for the Formally Incarcerated
- 12. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Personal barriers to employment • Lack of employment experience • Poor self esteem • Lack of job seeking skills • Poor personal hygiene • Poor appearance and mannerisms • Poor communication skills • Substance abuse/mental health issues • Absence of social support • Homeless • Children to care for • Lack of education/training • Criminally oriented peer group • Authority issues • Medical/dental issues • Transportation
- 13. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 Employment Services for ex-offenders • Life skills training • Employment skills training • Vocational training • Work experience training • On-the-job training • Job placement and referral • Supportive case management
- 14. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 The Northern California Service League Offender Employment Services Targets hardest to employ: •Work readiness training •Subsidized support services •Employment case management •Vocational training •Job placement
- 15. www.cjcj.org © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013 40 Boardman Place San Francisco, CA 94103 NCSL’s Culinary Training Institute • Partnership with local private club • Three months classroom and on-the-job training • Three months externship placement • Job placement and follow-up