Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) 2024Final.pptx
Ayurvedic anatomy of Gastero intestinal Tract
1.
2. AYURVEDIC ANATOMY OF GIT
PRESENTER
DR. THRIJIL KRISHNAN E M
DEPT. OF SHAREERA RACHANA
GUIDE
DR. UMA B GOPAL
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
DEPT. OF SHAREERA RACHANA
4. GIT
• The human gastrointestinal tract is the
stomach and intestine, sometimes including all
the structures from the mouth to the anus.
• The "digestive system" is a broader term that
includes other structures, including the
accessory organs of digestion
• Synonym : Alimentary tract or Alimentary
canal
5. The digestive system perform
six basic functions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Ingestion
Secretion
Mixing and propulsion
Digestion
Absorption
Defecation
5
6. • In an adult male human, the
gastrointestinal (GI) tract is 5
-7 metres long in a live
subject
• Up to 7-9 metres without
the effect of muscle tone,
and consists of the upper and
lower GI tracts.
6
9. PRIMITIVE GUT – 14TH Day.
*Differentiation of primitive gut
into
Foregut,
Midgut
Hind gut
- 3RD Week
FOREGUT
*Stomatodeum and oral membrane.
*Rupture during 4th week to
communicate with
the exterior through the oral cavity
*Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach & A
part of
Duodenum
9
10. MID GUT
*Opens into the yolk sac – 5th week
*After 5th week, yolk sac constricts, detaches
from midgut & midgut seals.
*Remaining part of duodenum, jejunum, ileum,
portion of large intestine.
HIND GUT
*Proctodaeum & Cloacal membrane– rupture &
communicate with exterior through anus.
*Remaining part of the large intestine
10
19. STRUCTURES MENTIONED IN CLASSICS
RELATED TO KOSTA
Mandhyamanga 117 types of Asthi –
Su Sha. 5
59 types of kostagatha asthi sandhi
explainedSu sha 5
230 types of snayu explained by
Susrutha
• 66 type of mamsa pesi in kosta
guda = 3
One among the vrana adhisthana
is kosta
19
27. • Mukha:
• oshta,ganda,dantha,danthamool, jihwa,talu ,gala
& sarvasyam all together constitute the Mukha,
which helps in annagrahana, charvana, kledana,
swalpa pachana
Ah. Utta. 21/65
• 2 Srikkani – charaka
Susruth measurement
• Mukha greevam – 24 anguli –
• Mukhaayamam – 12 Anguli
Su. Soo. 35
27
28. Ostha:
• The pair of lips which the muscular organs partially covered
with skin and partially by mucous layer helps in the
articulation of the speech and also securing the food
materials in the mouth during mastication by mutual
fastening.
2 oshta explained by Acharya charaka- Angapratyanga
vivarana
2 mamsa pesi present in oshta
Ganda
kapala type of Asthi is seen
2 ganda – charaka Angapratyanga vivarana
2 type Asthi present- susrutha Shareera 5
1 Asthi sandhi – Susrutha Shareera 5
2 mamsa pesi present 28
29. •
•
•
•
• Ulookhala type of Asthi sandhi – Su
• Length of Dasana 2 Angula
• 12 snayus in Uttara and adhara dantha mamsam
29
30. •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Kapha stanam jihwa
Shad rasam importance
1 sevani is present in Jihva
1 mamsa pesi present in Jihva – su
5 types of snayu – acc to AS
16 types of siras - AS . Sharee 6/8
30
31. TALU
• Talu and cloma are the moolastana of udakavaha
srothas
• Manso stanam above the thalu according to Bhela
• Kapala type of asthi seen
• 1 talu – Charaka Angapratyanga vivarana
• 2 asthi- charaka in the contest of Asthi sankhya
• 2 mamsa pesi present
GALA OR KANTA
kanta one among the Dasapranayathana
4 types of Kanta nadi explained by susrutha
1 mamsa pesi present
31
40. Summarize Grahani
•
•
•
•
•
•
Above the nabhi
Between pakwasaya and amasaya
At the gate of pakwasaya
Receptor of food
Seat of Agni
separates and digests the undigested food
40
41. Antra
• Antra’s formed by Matruja bhava
• Two types
– Kshudrantram
– Stoolandram
• Su Sha 5/9
– 3.5 vyama - male
– 3 vyama - female
– Saragadhara openion antra is lined by
Pureeshadharakala
– Antra vridhi diseases explained..
– Anthra Pravesana Explain By Acharya
– Rudrantram- ( BR)
SHOCK- PARADA VASTHI
41
45. Guda
•
•
aÉÑSè Ì¢üQûÉrÉÉqÉç iÉ aÉÑ qÉsÉÉåixÉaÉåï || zÉoS MüsmÉSìÓqÉç
aÉÑS + iÉ + aÉÑ - aÉÑS
• The place for accommodation and elimination of the faeces.
•
According to Ayurveda Guda has been explained in many aspects like
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Pranayatana
sadhya pranahara marma
Kostanga
mula sthana of purishavaha srothas
martuja avayava
bahirmukha srothas
sthana of apana vata
karmendriya
45
48. • According to sarangadhara
• Total length of gudavali = 41/2 angula
•
•
•
•
Pravahini – 1 ½ angula
Visargini - 1 ½ angula
Grahika - 1 angula
Guda mukham – ½ angula
48
49. Charaka divided the Guda
into two parts i,e
Uttaraguda
Adhara Guda
According to Chakrapani
Uttaraguda is the place where
purisha is temporarily stored.
Adharaguda is the place which
helps in passing the purisha.
49
50. • According to Harita the situated apana vayu in
its normal place does vishodhana of
maladvara. This resided vayu creates opening
in different directions, and the navadvaras are
formed in the body and the guda is one
among them.
50
58. SROTHAS RELATED TO GIT
– UDAKA VAHA SROTHAS
– ANNAVAHA SROTHAS
– PUREESHAVAHA SROTHAS
58
59. DISCUSSION …….
AYURVEDIC APPROCH
MODERN APPROCH
Kanthatdi Guda Taken As A Part Of GIT
The human gastrointestinal tract is the
stomach and intestine, sometimes including
all the structures from the mouth to the
anus
With The help Of Bodhaka Kapha Digestion
Starts
Digestion of the food starting from the
mouth itself with the help of salivary glands
Annanadi reference is in Atreya Samhithaby Vaidyaka Kalpa Sindhu
Oesophagus helps to move the food to the
stomach region
Amasaya is the place where food materials
will be in the form of amavastha
Stomach doing the function of receiving
the food from oesophagus and passs in to
the duodenal area
Between the amasaya and pakwasaya
Grahani is seen
Connection between the stomach and small
intestine is duodenum
59
60. Inside the Grahani seperation of digested All the chemical and mechanical phase of
digestion are directed towards changing food
and undigested food
in to forms that can pass through the
epithelial cells lining the mucosa into
underlining blood and lymphatic vessels.
From Grahani food is transferred to Pakwasaya
From small intestine digested food materials
passing to large intestine
In Pakwasaya the Sthanaof Purishadhara Kala
has a very close relation with other viscera like
Antra The Mala Vibhajan process is carried out
Large intestine starting from the iliocecal
junction.
Inside the large intestine water absorpttion
and fecal formation starts
Last part of stoolantra is connected with guda
1. Uttara guda
2. Adhara guda
Fecal matter is temporarily stored in the
Sigmoid colon
defecation urge is due to the mass peristalsis
and the stool is passed to the rectum
Made of circular muscles
Surrounds 3 cm of anal canal
Thickness : 2-5 mm
Ends at Hiltons line
When exposed looks pearly white in colour
Inside the guda three valis present ( mamsa
pesi)
60
61. CONCLUSION
• According to Ayurveda, the organs coming under the
spectrum of GIT can be considered from mukha to guda .
• Predominant structure in these parts are two nimna region
ie, Amasaya and Pakwasaya.
• GIT can be called as the mahasrothas.
• GIT includes the structures which have close relationship
with Pureeshavaha, Annavaha & Udakavaha srothas
• It can be consider as the abhyantara rogamarga
• Structurally demarcation can be well undestood in the
context of Dosha and Vipaka
• Anatomy of GIT will be better understood under the
headings of Kosta & Asaya
61
63. ARTICLE REVIEW
• A critical review of ayurvedic concept of Agnimandhya by Singh Akilesh
Kumar
• Lectures-the anatomy of the intestinal canal and peritoneum in man.
Frederick treves,
• A Body Of Knowledge: TheWellcome Ayurvedic Anatomical Man And His
Sanskrit Context by Dominik Wujastyk
• Concepts of Human Physiology in Ayurveda by Kishor Patwardhan
• Concept of Pitta by Surama Mishra
• Concept of Grhani by Dr.KSR Prasad
• Clinical importance of Pittadhara Kala Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad
• Revalidation Of The Functions Of Ranjakapitta,Dr Sudha Gopal
63
64. REFERENCES
• Acharya J T. Charaka Samhita Ayurveda Deepika commentary of
ChakrapaniDatta. Reprint ed. Varanasi (India): Chaukhambha
orientalia ; 2011
• Acharya Y T. Sushruta Samhita with Nibhandhasangraha
commentary of Dalhanacharya and Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri
Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana. Reprinted ed. Varanasi (India):
Chaukambha Sankrit Sansthan; 2011
• Singh Inderbir ,Pal GP. Human Embryology, 8th ed.Reprint.Newdelhi:
Macmillan Publishers India ltd;2010
• WilliamsMM, Sanskrit – English dictionary. Motilalbanarasi das
publications delhi 1999
• Ayurvedalankar SreeSathyapala Bhishakacharya .Kasyapasamhitha
Vridhajeevakeeyam ThandramMaharshiMarichaKasyapanirdhishtam
.Reprinted ed. Varanasi: Choukambha Sanskrit Samsthan; 2009
• Paradakara HSS. Ashtanga Hrudayam with Sarvanga Sundaram of
Arunadatta and Ayurveda Rasayana of Hemadri.9 th ed. Varanasi
(india): Chaukumbha Sanskrit Orientalia;2005
64