BAMS-Rachana Sharira,

1. Paribhasa
Sharir

2. WHY PARIBHASA SHARIR?
• This is precise section of rachana sharir textbooks which deals
with certain anatomical terms frequently used in Ayurveda
classics.
• The definitions and explanations of these terms are given here.
• Hence before starting to go through classics these terms are
to be understood for clear anatomical analysis.
• These terms are described in short in sharira sthana chapter 5
of Surutha Samhita basically; also in other places and texts as
per necessitate.
• Basically in other classical texts these terms are scattered so
in this particular section of texts these are collected and
explained at a place in the light of Rachana Sharir.
2

3. Snayu

4. SNAYU
शणजऺौमसूत्राभयाां स्नाय्वा बाऱेन वा ऩुन् |
(Su. Su. 25/21)
स्नायुररति शणाकार उऩधािुववशेष्, येन धनूांवष
नह्यन्िे| (dalhana)
प्रतानवत्म् शाखासु सववसन्धधषु चाप्मथ |
वृत्तास्तु कण्डया् सवाव ववऻेमा् कु शरैरयह ||
आभऩक्वाशमाधतेषु फस्तौ च शुवषया् खरु |
ऩार्श्वोयसस तथा ऩृष्ठे ऩृथुरार्श्च सशयस्मथ ||
||Su Sh 5/31-32||
4

5. Snayu
• Snayu are string like fibrous structures & belong to the
upadhatucategory.
• They are binding materials in the body to bind the mamsa,
asthi& medas.
• During development the essence part of the medas
undergoes the metabolic process & forms the siras &
snayus.
• Some of the snayus are hairy thin, network appearance &
minute;thus difficult to locate with nakedeyes.
5

6. Types
• The snayus are four types-
1. Pratanavati (network like)- in extremities & in all the
joints.
2. Vritta (round)-alsoknown as kandaras.
3. Prithula (flat)- lateral parts of trunk, chest, back &
headregions.
4. Sushira (lumen)-located at ends of amashaya &
pakwashaya & in the vasti.
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7. ENUMERATIONS
SNO Location number
1 Shakha 150*4=600
2 Madhya sharira (Kati-60;
Pristha-80; Parshva-60;
Vakshas-30)
230
3 Greevopari (Greeva-36; Shira-
34)
70
Total 900
7

8. Functions
नौमवथा परकास्तीणाव फधधनैफवहुसबमुवता |
बायऺभा बवेदप्सु नृमुक्ता सुसभाहहता ||
एवभेव शयीयेऽन्स्भन् मावधत् सधधम् स्भृता् |
स्नामुसबफवहुसबफवद्धास्तेन बायसहा नया् ||
न ह्मस्थीनन न वा ऩेर्श्मो न ससया न च
सधधम् |व्माऩाहदतास्तथा हधमुमवथा स्नामु्
शयीरयणभ् ||
||Su SH 5/33-35||
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9. Functions
• As the flanks of a boat are tightly bind by the ropes,
so that it can float & carry the weights on the water
with out any danger, the joints of the body are well
articulated by the snayus (ligaments) & able to move
& bear the weight of the body.
• An injury to the snayus is more harmful & causes
more disability than the injury to any of the mamsa,
asthi sira & sandhi.
9

10. Importance
म् स्नाम् प्रववजानानत फाह्मार्श्चाभ्मधतयास्तथा |
स गढं शल्मभाहतुुं देहाच्छक्नोनत देहहनाभ् |
|Su. Sh. 5/36|
The surgeons, who has the thorough knowledge
about the snayus is able to remove any deep seated
foreign body without any difficulty.
10

11. Jala

12. JALA
भांस ससया स्नाय्वन्स्थ जारानन प्रत्मेकं चत्वारय;
तानन भणणफधध गुल्पसंश्रितानन ऩयस्ऩय ननफद्धानन
ऩयस्ऩय गवाक्षऺतानन चेनत,
मैगववाक्षऺतसभदं शयीयभ् ||Su SH 5/12||
गवाक्षऺतसभनत ववयश्रचत ननयधतय
जारकाकाययधरननकय ऩरयकसरतसभत्मथव्||
||Dalhana||
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13. • Jalas are 16 in number.
• They are network type of structures.
• They are 4 types- mamsa, sira, snayu & asthi.
• Thy are located at manibandha & gulpha.
• At the each of these 4 joints, all the four types of
Jalas are inter-related like network (reticulated &
poured).
• Hence, the body is full of apertures.
• Dalhana explained it as reticular & perforated.
13

14. Mamsa-rajju

15. भहत्मो भांसयज्जवर्श्चतस्र्- ऩृष्ठवंशभुबमत् ऩेशी
ननफधधनाथुं द्वे फाह्मे, आभ्मधतये च द्वे
||Su Sh 5/14|
ऩेशी तनबन्धनार्थममति प्रयोजन कर्नम्|
(Dalhana)
महत्यो माांसरज्जवश्चिस्र् चिस्र् ऩृष्ठवांशमुभयि
इत्यष्टौ प्रतिऩादयति
||Gayadas||
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16. • Mamsa-rajju are the strong thread like structures.
• They are 4 in number.
• They are present on the both sides of the prishta
vamsha (vertebral column).
• Two in inner side & two in outer side.
• They tie the muscles in the surrounding area.
• According to the opinion of gayadas, there are eight
mamsa-rajju- four on each side of vertebral column.
16

17. kandara

18. षोडश कण्डया्- तासां चतस्र् ऩादमो्, तावत्मो
हस्तग्रीवाऩृष्ठेषु; तत्र हस्तऩादगतानां कण्डयाणां
नखा अग्रप्रयोहा्, ग्रीवा हृदम
ननफन्धधनीनाभधोबागगतानां भेढ्रं, िोणण
ऩृष्टननफन्धधनीनाभधोबागगतानां बफम्फं, भधोरु
वऺोंऽसवऩण्डादीनां च ||su sh 5/11|
कण्डया भहास्नामु्| (dalhana)
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19. • Large snayus are called as kandara.
• They are sixteen in number.
• They are distributed as four in lower limbs,
four in upper limbs & four of greeva &
pristha.
• Agra-praroha (terminal points) of the
kandaras of limbs are located in the nakha.
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20. • Agra-praroha (terminal points) of the kandaras of
greeva, hridaya, those extending downwards are
located in the medhra.
• Agra-praroha (terminal points) of the kandaras
shroni, pristha, those extending downwards are
located in the region of bimba (shroni-pelvis).
• Agra-praroha (terminal points) of the kandaras
murdha, uru, vakshas & amsapinda are located in the
region of bimba (shroni-pelvis).
20

21. kurcha

22. kurcha
षट् कचाव्, ते हस्तऩादग्रीवाभेढ्रेषु;
हस्तमोद्ववौ, ऩादमोद्ववौ, ग्रीवाभेढ्रमोयेकै क्
||Su SH 5/13||
kurcha are the network complex (brush like) structures of
snayu ordhamani.
They are six in number. They are distributed one in each of
upper & lower extremities, greeva & medhra.
According to Harana chandra, one of the snayu-sannipata is
located in the greeva, kaksha & vankshana & one dhamani-
sannipata is located in the region ofmedhra(penis).
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23. Sevani

24. Sevani
सप्त सेवधम् ; ससयसस ववबक्ता् ऩञ्च,
न्जह्वाशेपसोयेकै का; ता् ऩरयहतवव्मा् शस्त्रेण
||su sh 5/15||
 Sevani is the suture like structures & are seven.
 They are located five in head, one in jihwa & one in
the shephas (penis).
 These areas should be prevented from any injury
(incision during surgery).
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25. Sanghata

26. चतुदवशास्थनां सङ्घाता्;
तेषां त्रमो गुल्पजानुवङ्ऺणेषु, एतेनेतयसन्क्थ फाह
च व्माख्मातौ, बत्रकसशयसोयेकै क् |
||su sh 5/16||
• Sanghatas are the complex joints (more than two
bones articulate).
• They are 14 in number.
• They are located at- Gulpha, Kurpara, Janu,
Vankshana, Manibandha, Skandha & Trika, Shiras.
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27. Simanta

28. चतुदवशैव सीभधता्;
ते चान्स्थसङ्घातवद्गणनीमा्,
मतस्तैमुवक्ता अन्स्थसङ्घाता्;
मे ह्मुक्ता् सङ्घातास्ते खल्वष्टादशैके षाभ् |
||su sh 5/17||
बोज्- “सङ्घाता् सीववता
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29. • Simanta are described as that of asthisanghata.
• They are 14 in number.
• Locations are same as sanghata.
• Bhojaa defined simanta as the sutures present at the
site of sanghata.
• Indu commented that they are not visible on the skin
of the skull.
• According to vagbhata, simanta are 18 as five in
head.
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30. Thanks
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