Kala sharir details pdf over brief

1. CONCEPT
OF
KALA SHARIR

2. INTRODUCTION
• Kala Sharir is briefly explain by Acharya Sushruta in ,Sharir
Sthan Adhyay 4,Garbha vyakran Sharir.
• Kala are seven in Number.
• It separates the Dhatu from the Ashaya.

3. WHAT IS KALA SHARIR?
कलााः खल्वपि सप्त भवन्तत धात्वाशयाततरमयाादााः [१] || (SU.SHA.4/5)
• Kala is nothing but a
separating layer that lies
inbetween the dhatu and
ashaya.Kala forms the
partition between the tissue
(dhatu) and organ
cavity(Ashaya).
• There are mainly 7 number of kala within
the body.
1) Mamsadhara Kala
2) Raktadhara Kala
3) Medodhara Kala
4) Sleshmadhara Kala
5) Purishdhara Kala
6) Pittadhara Kala
7) Shukradhara Kala

4. AS PER ACHARYA SUSHRUTA
• यथा हि साराः काष्ठेषु छिद्यमानेषु दृश्यते |
तथाहि धातुमाांसेषु छिद्यमानेषु दृश्यते ||६||
स्नायुभभश्च प्रछतच्ितनान् सततताांश्च
जरायुणा |
श्लेष्मणा वेन्ष्िताांश्चापि कलाभागाांस्तु तान्
पवदुाः [१] ||७||
• As on cutting the wood , its pith is
observed, likewise dhatu is
dissecting the musculature.
• The Kalas are those which are
covered by ligaments, spread as
membranous structure like
amniotic membrane with Slesma
(Mucus)

5. 1) MAMSADHARA KALA
• तासाां प्रथमा माांसधरा, यस्याां माांसे भसरास्नायुधमनीस्रोतसाां प्रताना भवन्तत ||८|| - (su sha 4/8.)
• Among the 7 kala mamsa dhara Kala is explain 1st by Acharaya Sushruta.
• Mamsadhara kala have network of Snayu (tendon), Sira(veins),
Dhamani(arteries) and Srotas(cavity).
• Anatomically it can be corelate with the deep fascia or intermuscular
septa that separates the muscle from underlying structure.

6. यथा बिसमृणालाछन पववधातते समततताः |
भूमौ िङ्कोदकस्थाछन तथा माांसे भसरादयाः ||९||
• As Stem & Stalk of lotus grow all around in muddy water on the
ground so are blood vessels etc. in muscle.
• In enumeration of dhatus, Rakta comes before mamsa then why here
Mamsadhara kala is described before the Raktadhara – This order is in
relation to nourishment & not support, here the context is of supporting
kala & thus there is no anomaly.

7. CONT..

8. 2) RAKTADHARA KALA
• द्पवतीया रक्तधरा माांसस्याभ्यततरताः, तस्याां शोणणतां पवशेषतश्च भसरासु यकृ त्प्लीह्ननोश्च भवछत [१] ||१०||
• (su.sha 4/10.)
• 2nd kala explain by acharya Sushruta is raktadhara Kala.
• As already said in Mamsadhara Kala, raktadhara kala is embed within
the Mamsadhara Kala.
• Though it is embed within the Mamsadhara Kala it is perticullarly
found in Blood Vessels, Liver and Spleen.

9. •वृक्षाद्यथाभभप्रितात् क्षीररणाः क्षीररमाविेत् [१] |
माांसादेवां क्षतात् क्षक्षप्रां शोणणतां सम्प्प्रभसच्यते [२]
||११||

10. EXAMPLE
• As latex coming out from the tree on getting cut similarly if Mamsadhara kala
embed within muscle get cut blood will oozing out from the raktadhara Kala.

11. MODERN CORRELATION
• Tunica intima the inner most layer of the arteries
that lines the lumen of artery from the above
structure such as tunica media, tunica externa
can be compared with the raktadhara kala.
• Liver-Liver helps in formation of the blood and
also plays important role in foetal circulation in
embryonic life.
• Spleen – Spleen act on old RBC cells to get
recycled and platelet and WBC get stored in to
the spleen.

12. 3) MEDODHARA KALA
• तृतीया मेदोधरा; मेदो हि सवाभूतानामुदरस्थमण्वन्स्थषु च, मित्सु च मज्जा भवछत||१२|| (su. Sha. 4/12.)
• Medodhara kala is 3rd kala in the body which is present within the
abdomen and small and large bones.
• Meda can be considered as a fatty tissue present within the
abdomen.
• Though it is present through out the body, it is abdomen where it
can accumulate the most.

13. स्थूलान्स्थषु पवशेषेण मज्जा त्वभ्यततराश्रिताः |
अथेतरेषु सवेषु सरक्तां मेद उच्यते |
शुद्धमाांसस्य याः स्नेिाः सा वसा िररकीछताता ||१३||
• Majja (Marrow) is situated particularly inside the large
bones while in all other bones there is fat mixed with
blood.
• Vasa (Muscle Fat) is the unctuous portion of pure
muscle.

14. MODERN CORRELATION
• Anatomically medodhara kala can be compared within the greater
and lesser omentum that cover the large intestine (transverse colon).
• In the view of presence of medodhara kala in the bone ,
Anatomically it can be correlate with bone marrow.
• Here acharya sushruta mentioned that in long bones medodhara kala
resides in the form of majja and in small bones it is in the form of
Sarakta meda.

15. CONT..

16. 4) SHLESHMADHARA KALA
• चतुथी श्लेष्मधरा सवासन्तधषु प्राणभृताां भवछत ||१४||
स्नेिाभ्यक्ते यथा ह्नयक्षे चक्र
ां साधु प्रवताते |
सतधयाः साधु वतातते सांन्श्लष्िााः श्लेष्मणा तथा ||१५||
(su.sha. 4/16.)
• It is 4th kala.
• According to acharaya Sushruta
shleshmadhara kala present in all joints of
living beings.

17. CONT…
• As proper lubrication at the frictional area of wheels helps for
smooth and quality movement, Sheleshma present in the joint helps
the joint to move freely.
• It also helps the joint to overcome the shock and strain of repeated
movement.
• Thus shelsmadhara kala is most essential for the smooth movement
of all joints present within the body.

18. MODERN CORRELATION
• Anatomically it can be correlate
with the Synovial membrane that
cover the inner surface of joints.
• Synovial fluid secreted by the
synovial membrane can be
correlate with the Shleshma.

19. 5) PURISHDHARA KALA
िञ्चमी िुरीषधरा नाम; याऽतताःकोष्ठे मलमभभपवभजते िक्वाशयस्था ||१६||
यकृ त्समततात् कोष्ठां च तथाऽतराणण समाश्रिता |
उण्डु(तदु)कस्थां पवभजते मलां मलधरा कला ||१७|| (su.sha 4/17.)
• 5th kala is purishdhara kala.
• It is located in the pakwashaya that lies inside the kostha(abdomen).
• It is particularly located at the level of yakrit in the kostha.
• Food get separated in the sara and mala bhaga in purishvaha Srotas with the help of
purishdhara kala.
• It is also known as Maladhara Kala.

20. • Malam Abhivibhajate – Separates waste products as Urine & Faeces;
However it takes it as Faeces which is excrete of food & in separation of
which Agni & Vayu also collaborate.
• Through this Kala is spread over the entire Gastro-Intestinal Tract involving
almost all the viscera, it is said as ‘being situated in intestines’ because faeces
are there.
• Malam vibhajate- Separates waste product in forms of Urine & faeces as
‘Eliminates from bowels’

21. MODERN CORRELATION
• As explained by acharya Sushruta purishdhara kala is place where
digested food is separated in sara and mala bhaga, which in
Modern can be correlate with the large intestine.
• Acharya Sushruta said that it is near to the yakruta, so it can be
the hepatic flexure as it is near to the liver.
• Large intestine within the inner most layer that is mucosal and
submucosal layer can be correlate with purishdhara kala.

23. 6) PITTADHARA KALA
षष्ठी पित्तधरा [१] ; या चतुपवाधमतनिानमामाशयात् [२] प्रच्युतां िक्वाशयोिन्स्थतां धारयछत ||१८|| (su.sha. 4/18)
अभशतां खाहदतां िीतां लीढां कोष्ठगतां नृणाम ् | तज्जीयाछत यथाकालां शोपषतां पित्ततेजसा ||१९|| (su.sha 4/19)
• 6th kala is pittadhara kala.
• It receive and retain the semi digested food.
• It digest all four type of food i.e.Ashita- chewable, Khadita- swallowed,
peeta- drink, lehyha- licked.
• It bears the digestive fire or agni in it which helps to digest the food
received by individual. Here agni is the main factor for digestion and
absorption of food.

24. MODERN CORRELATION
• Grahni term is generally used for the small intestine mainly
duodenum or 1st part of small intestine.
• It is the location where semi digested food receives from the
stomach, hold it for a time and then get digested.
• Hence it can be duodenum and its inner layer that secrets the
digestive enzymes and help to digest the food.

26. 7) SHUKRADHARA KALA
सप्तमी शुक्रधरा, या सवाप्राणणनाां सवाशरीरव्यापिनी ||२०||
यथा ियभस सपिास्तु गूढश्चेक्षौ रसो यथा |
शरीरेषु तथा शुक्र
ां नृणाां पवद्याद्भभषग्वराः ||२१|| (su.sha. 4/21.)
• 7th and last kala is Shukradhara kala.
• It is located throughout the body.
• As the presence of ghee in milk cannot be seen with the naked eye, presence of
sugar in sugarcane cannot be seen with the naked eye similarly the presence of
shukradhara kala cannot seen with the naked eye.

27. CONT..
• If we take shukra as semen it is not wise to tell that semen is produced all over
the body as it is produce by testis and Ayurveda also tells the same while
explaining the shukravaha srotas.
• Here one question also arise that if shukradhara kala compared with semen
then what about female, whether shukradhara kala is not present within them?
• We have to understand the concept of shukradhara kala at the zygote level.
Whole body is formed from the sperm and ovum so basically on the base level
it is acceptable that every part of body is formed by these two cells. Thus we
can justify the concept of shukradhara kala explained by acharya Sushruta.