India's Foreign Policy Std X Social Science Dr.C.Thanavathi

2. ,e;jpahtpd;
ntspAwTf; nfhs;if

3. By
Dr.C.Thanavathi

5. Kd;Diu
xU ehL cyfpYs;s kw;w ehLfSld;
nfhz;Ls;s cwT ntspAwT vd
mwpag;gLfpwJ.
xU ehl;bd; ntspAwthdJ xU rpy
nfhs;iffs;, Nfhl;ghLfs; mbg;gilapy;
mike;jJ MFk;.
mitfis nkhj;jkhf ntspAwTf;
nfhs;if my;yJ may;ehl;Lf; nfhs;if
vd miof;fpd;Nwhk;.

6. Nehf;fk;
,e;jpahtpy; fhyzp Mjpf;fj;jhy; Vw;gl;l
ghjpg;Gfspd; gpd;dzpapy; cUthf;fg;gl;ljhFk;.
,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; gpujk mikr;ruhd
[t`h;yhy; NeU ,e;jpa ntspAwT
nfhs;ifapd; Kjd;ik rpw;gp Mthh;.

7. nfhs;ifapd; mk;rq;fs;

8. 1. cyfr; rkhjhdj;ijg;
NgZjy;
NeUtpd; rNfhjhp jpUkjp.tp[ayl;Rkp gz;bl;
If;fpa ehLfs; rigapd; Kjy; ngz; jiytuhf
1953-54-k; Mz;L gzpahw;wpdhh;.

9. mikjpAk; Kd;Ndw;wKk;
1950-k; Mz;L tl, njd; nfhhpah Nghh;.
1956-k; Mz;L #a]; rpf;fy;. 1960-64-k;
Mz;L fhq;Nfh gpur;rid. Mq;Nfhyh
rpf;fy;. Fhrh, irg;u]; gFjpapy; Vw;gl;l
gpur;rid.1991-k; Mz;L Vw;gl;l tisFlh
Nghh; neUf;fb. Mfpa ehLfspy; Vw;gl;l
rpf;fypd; NghJ ,e;jpah jdJ
,uhZtj;jpid mDg;gp itj;J cjtpaJ.

10. FbNaw;wf; nfhs;if vjph;g;G
FbNaw;wf; nfhs;ifapdhy; xU ehl;bd;
nghUshjhukhdJ mjpfkhd msT Ruz;lg;gl;lJ.
,jdhy; ehl;bd; mjpfkhd ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shdJ.
FbNaw;w nfhs;if ve;j xU tbtpYk; epytf; $lhJ.
Mrpah, Mg;gphpf;fh, yj;jPd;, mnkhpf;fh ehl;by;
me;epah; FbNaw;wq;fs; ePf;fg;gLtjpy; ,e;jpah mf;fiu
fhl;baJ.
,jdhy; jhd; ,e;jpahtpd; ntspAwTf; nfhs;isapy;
FbNaw;wf; nfhs;is vjph;g;G xU Kf;fpa mk;rkhdJ.

11. 3.NguuRf; nfhs;if vjph;g;G
typik kpf;f ehL, vspa ehl;bid ntd;W,
mjidj; jd; ehl;Lld; ,izj;Jf; nfhz;L
Mjpf;f eph;thfk; nra;tijg; NguuRf;
nfhs;if vd miof;fpd;Nwhk;.

12. Kjy; kw;Wk; 2-k; cyfg; NghUf;F
fhuzkhfpaJ.
,e;jpah kpfTk; ghjpf;fg;gl;lJ.
jw;Nghija tsh;e;j ehLfspd;
nghUshjhug; NguuRf; nfhs;if
kpfTk; jPikAilajhFk;.
mjdhy;jhd; ,e;jpah vj;jifa
tbtpyhd NguuRf;
nfhs;ifnad;whYk; mjid ,e;jpah
vjph;f;Fk; xU ehlhFk;.

13. 4. epw ntwpf; nfhs;if vjph;g;G
Nkiy ehLfs; epwntwp my;yJ ,df;
nfhs;ifapidf; gpz;gw;wpd. fWg;gh;fSf;F
vjpuhd njd; Mg;gphpf;f nts;isah; murpd;
“mlhh;jPl;” vd;W miof;fg;gl;l epw
Ntw;Wikr; nfhs;is njhlh;e;J ePbj;jJ.
,g;gpur;ridia ,e;jpah Kjd; Kjypy; 1946-k;
Mz;L I.eh rigapy; vOg;gpaJ.

14. Mrpa, Mg;gphpf;f kf;fis jho;ikAld;
elj;jpd.
1919-k; Mz;L ghhpR mikjp khehl;by; [g;ghd;
ehL ,dr; rkj;Jtj;ij Nfhhpf;ifahf tpLj;jJ.
Nkw;F ehLfs; mjid epuhfhpj;jd.
“mghh;jPl;” vd;W miof;fg;gl;l epw Ntw;Wikf;
nfhs;is njhlh;e;J ePbj;jJ.
Mfptw;why; ,e;jpah mspj;Jte;j
jho;kpf MjutpdhYk;, ney;rd; kz;Nlyhtpd;
,iltplh Nghuhl;lj;jpdhYk; mz;ikf;
fhyj;jpy; jhd; epw Ntw;Wikf; nfhs;if
mfw;wg;gl;lJ.

15. 5. gQ;r rPyk;
,e;jpah, rPdhTf;Fk; ,ilNa 1954-k; Mz;L 5
mk;rq;fs; mlq;fpa gQ;r rPyf; nfhs;ifapd;
mbg;gilapy; xU xg;ge;jj;jpy;
ifnaOj;jpl;ld. NeUTk;, #-nad;-yhTk;
jiyth;fshf ,Ue;jdh;.

16. 1. xt;nthUtUk; kw;w ehl;bd; xw;WikiaAk;,
,iwapz;ikiaAk; kjpj;jy;.
2. xUtUf;nfhUth; mj;JkPwhik.
3. xUth; kw;w ehl;bd; cs; tptfhuq;fspy;
jiyaplhik.
4. rkj;Jtk;, gu];gu ed;ikfs;.
5. rkhjhdr; rftho;T.
1955-k; Mz;L ,e;NjhNdrpahtpy; eilngw;w
ghz;Lq; khehl;by; fye;J nfhz;l 29-jpw;Fk;
Nkw;gl;l Mg;gphpf;f Mrpa ehLfSk; Vw;Wf; nfhz;ld.
mz;il ehLfSld; el;Gwit tsh;j;Jf; nfhs;tjpy;
,f;nfhs;if ,d;Wk; kjpg;Gilajhf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ.
5 mk;rq;fs;:

18. 6. mzpNruhik
“mzpNruhik” my;yJ $l;Lr; Nruhik vDk;
thh;j;ijia V.K.fpU;zNkdd; cUthf;fpdhh;.
mij [t`h;yhy; NeU ,e;jpa ntspAwTf;
nfhs;ifapd; mbg;gilahf;fpdhh;.

19. ew;jpl;lq;fs;
1. mZ MAjf;Fiwg;G.
2. vy;iyj; jfuhWfis mikjpAld; jPh;j;jy;.
3. me;epa Mjpf;fk;, mj;JkPwy;, jpir jpUg;gy;,
epwNtw;Wik Mfpatw;wpypUe;J tpLjiy.
4. rh;tNjr $l;LwT %yk; Jhpjg; nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpiaf;
nfhz;L tUjy;.
5. If;fpa ehLfs; rigf;Fk;, mjd; mikjp kw;Wk; tsh;r;rpj;
jpl;lj;jpw;Fk; KO MjuT mspj;jy;.
mzpNruh ehLfs;, I.eh rigapy;
%d;whk; mzpahfr; nray;gl;ld. mzpNruh ehLfspd;
epahakhd thjq;fis Mjhpf;f Mrpah, Mg;gphpf;fh,
,yj;jPd;, mnkhpf;fh ehLfs; %d;whk; cyf ehLfs; vd
miof;fg;gl;ld. ,f;fhyf;fl;lj;jpYk; cyf mikjpiaAk;
ghJfhg;gpidAk; Nehf;fkhff; nfhz;l ,t;tpaf;fk; ,d;Wk;
NjitAila xd;whfNt cs;sJ.

20. 7. mz;il ehLfSld;
el;Gf;nfhs;if
,e;jpah vgN;ghJk; rPdh, ghfp];jhd;, G+lhd;,
tq;fhsNjrk;, Neghsk;, kpahd;khh; gh;kh,
,yq;if, khyj;jPTfs; Nghd;w jdJ
mz;ilehLfSld; ey;YwtpidNa itj;Jf;
nfhs;s tpUk;Gfpd;wJ. ,e;jpahtpd; Kd;dhs;
gpujkuhd I.K n[uhy; 1996-k; Mz;L Ie;J
mk;rq;fspd; mbg;gilapyhd ,e;jpahtpd;
mz;ilehl;Lf; Nfhl;ghl;bid ntspapl;lhh;.

21. 1. vjph;ghh;g;gpy;yh el;G ghuhl;Ljy;.
2. kw;w ehl;L xw;Wikia
kjpj;jy;.
3. gpw ehl;L cs; tptfhuq;fspy;
jiyaplhik.
4. jdJ ehl;Lg; gFjpia kw;w
ehl;bw;nfjpuhf gad;gLj;j
mDkjpahik.
5. gpur;ridiaj; jPh;j;Jf;
nfhs;tjpy; Neubg; Ngr;R.
,f;Nfhl;ghL “F[uhy; Nfhl;ghL”
vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwJ.

23. 8. rhh;f; %yk; kz;lyf; $l;LwT
(SAARC)
njw;F Mrpa ehLfs; rhh;f; my;yJ kz;lyf;
$l;Lwtpw;fhd njw;fhrpar; rq;fk; - South
Asian Association for Regional Co-operation
(SAARC) vd;Dk; mikg;G cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
,t;tikg;gpd; jiyikafk; fhj;khz;L
Kathmandu MFk;.

24. ,e;jpah, tq;fhsNjrk;, ghfp];jhd;, Neghsk;,
G+lhd;, ,yq;if, khyj;jPTfs; 7 ehLfs;
jw;NghJ mq;fk; ngw;W cs;sJ.
xUtUf;nfhUth; r%f nghUshjhu
gz;ghl;Lj; Jiafspy; cjtp nra;J
nfhs;tNj Nehf;fkhFk;.
murpay; fUJ nghUis
nfhz;baq;ftpy;iy.
cWg;G ehLfs; md;whl Njitfis
xw;WikAld; nray;gl xg;Gilik
nfhz;Ls;sd.

25. 9. fhkd; nty;j;jpy; gq;F
mz;il ehLfSd; tzpf, gz;ghl;L
njhlh;Gfs;.
fhkd;nty;j; ehLfs; jq;fSf;Fs;
fy;tp, mwptpay;, njhopy; El;gk;,
gz;ghL Nghd;w Jiwfspy;
xj;Jiog;Gld; nray;gLfpwJ.
vdNt ,e;jpah mz;il ehLfSld;
cwtpidj; Jz;bj;Jf; nfhs;s
tpUk;gtpy;iy.

26. 10. gaq;futhj vjph;g;G

27. gaq;futhj mikg;Gfs; mikjpia
epiyFiyf;fpaJ.
,e;jpah ,jid vjph;f;fpwJ.
mz;il ehLfSld; kw;w cyf
ehLfs; Nrh;e;J rh;tNjr mstpy;
vjph;j;jy;.
vdNt ,e;jpah gaq;futhj
vjph;g;G nfhs;ifia ,d;Wk; gpd;gw;wp
tUfpwJ.

28. KbTiu
,e;jpahtpd; ntspAwTf; nfhs;if kw;w
ehLfSk; Vw;Fk; tz;zk; mike;Js;sJ.
mikjp epytTk;, el;GwT Vw;glTk;,
nghUshjhu rpf;fiy fisaTk;,
jPtputhjk;, gaq;futhjk; Mfpad xopaTk;
,f;nfhs;ifia gpd;gw;Wtjpy; jtW VJk;
,y;iy.

29. Jizepd;w E}y;fs;
1. 10-k; tFg;G ghlE}y; r%f
mwptpay; jkpo;ehl;Lg; ghlE}y;
fofk; nrd;id.
2. ,e;jpa tuyhW J.D.jh;kuh[;.