People can misinterpret nonverbal language that is culturally different from their own. Has this ever happened to you? Describe what took place and your reactions to the incident. ©McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Authorized only for instructor use in the classroom. No reproduction or further distribution permitted without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 4: Nonverbal Communication Pearson, Human Communication, 6e 1. Choose a partner or one will be assigned to you. 2. Choose a subject that you both feel you can talk about. You will be talking to each other for a while, so either choose a good topic or have back-up topics. (Movie preferences? Restaurant options? Major?) 3. While talking to each other, take the following positions (about 2-3 minutes each): a. Standing far apart b. Standing very close together, face to face (almost touching) c. Both of you sitting down d. One person standing up, the other person sitting down (change places so that each person fulfills both roles) e. One person talking while the other person nonverbally communicates that he/she is not listening (change places so that each person fulfills both roles) f. One person talking while the other person nonverbally communicates that he/she is actively listening (change places so that each person fulfills both roles) 1. Was there any position that you felt very uncomfortable communicating in? Why (or why not)? 2. Specifically, how did you feel when you were sitting down while talking to your partner, who was standing up? Do you think other people would have felt the same way? Why or why not? 3. When you tried to communicate that you were not listening to your partner, what nonverbal cues did you use? Do you think they effectively communicated your (feigned) disinterest? What did your partner do during this time that caused you to believe your nonverbal communication of disinterest was effective (or ineffective)? 4. When you tried to communicate that you were actively listening to your partner, what nonverbal cues did you use? Do you think they effectively communicated your (genuine) interest? What did your partner do during this time that caused you to believe your nonverbal communication of interest was effective (or ineffective)? ©McGraw-Hill Education. Objectives • Define nonverbal communication • Describe how verbal and nonverbal codes work together • Identify two problems people have in interpreting nonverbal codes • Define and identify nonverbal codes • Understand how objects are used in nonverbal communication • Utilize strategies for improving your nonverbal communication ©McGraw-Hill Education. What Is Nonverbal Communication? • Nonverbal communication defined – Process of using messages other than words to create meaning with others https://www.ted.com/talks/amy_cuddy_your_body_language_shapes_who_you_are/ discussion?nolanguage=enhttp%3A https://www.ted.co.

1. People can misinterpret nonverbal
language that is culturally different
from their own. Has this ever
happened to you? Describe what took
place and your reactions to the
incident.
©McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Authorized only
for instructor use in the classroom. No reproduction or further
distribution permitted without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 4:
Nonverbal Communication
Pearson, Human Communication, 6e
1. Choose a partner or one will be assigned to you.
2. Choose a subject that you both feel you can talk about. You
will be
talking to each other for a while, so either choose a good topic
or have
back-up topics. (Movie preferences? Restaurant options?
Major?)

2. 3. While talking to each other, take the following positions
(about 2-3
minutes each):
a. Standing far apart
b. Standing very close together, face to face (almost touching)
c. Both of you sitting down
d. One person standing up, the other person sitting down
(change
places so that each person fulfills both roles)
e. One person talking while the other person nonverbally
communicates that he/she is not listening (change places so that
each person fulfills both roles)
f. One person talking while the other person nonverbally
communicates that he/she is actively listening (change places so
that each person fulfills both roles)
1. Was there any position that you felt very uncomfortable
communicating
in? Why (or why not)?
2. Specifically, how did you feel when you were sitting down
while talking to
your partner, who was standing up? Do you think other people
would have
felt the same way? Why or why not?
3. When you tried to communicate that you were not listening to
your
partner, what nonverbal cues did you use? Do you think they
effectively
communicated your (feigned) disinterest? What did your partner

3. do during
this time that caused you to believe your nonverbal
communication of
disinterest was effective (or ineffective)?
4. When you tried to communicate that you were actively
listening to your
partner, what nonverbal cues did you use? Do you think they
effectively
communicated your (genuine) interest? What did your partner
do during
this time that caused you to believe your nonverbal
communication of
interest was effective (or ineffective)?
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Objectives
• Define nonverbal communication
• Describe how verbal and nonverbal codes work together
• Identify two problems people have in interpreting nonverbal
codes
• Define and identify nonverbal codes
• Understand how objects are used in nonverbal communication
• Utilize strategies for improving your nonverbal
communication

4. ©McGraw-Hill Education.
What Is Nonverbal Communication?
• Nonverbal communication defined
– Process of using messages other than
words to create meaning with others
https://www.ted.com/talks/amy_cuddy_your_body_language_sh
apes_who_you_are/
discussion?nolanguage=enhttp%3A
https://www.ted.com/talks/amy_cuddy_your_body_language_sh
apes_who_you_are/discussion?nolanguage=enhttp:
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Relation of Verbal and Nonverbal
• Repeating (sending same message:point)
• Emphasizing(nv strengthens message:hug)
• Complementing (add meaning: stop)
• Contradicting (conflicting: watch)
• Substituting (instead of…eye roll)
• Regulating (monitor and control: walk away)
© Ingram Publishing
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Ambiguity of Nonverbal Codes
• One code communicates variety of

5. meanings
• Variety of codes communicate same
meaning
(Cultural differences)
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Nonverbal Codes (1)
• Bodily movement
and facial
expression (kinesics)
– Emblems (substitutes)
– Illustrators(reinforce/nod)
– Affect displays
(facial features, tone, posture/win)
© Chris Ryan/AGE Fotostock
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Nonverbal Codes (2)
• Bodily movement and facial
expression
– Regulators (control flow/watch)
– Adaptors(unintended touching,

6. cold, scratch, adjust glasses/physical/social need )
© Radius Images/Alamy
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Nonverbal Codes (3)
• Uses of body movements
– Liking (leaning in)
– Status (eye contact)
– Responsiveness (feedback)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VfDWQG47pAQ
• Physical attractiveness
– Symmetry
– Height
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VfDWQG47pAQ
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Nonverbal Codes (4)
• Space (proxemics)
– Territoriality (fences, flags,
phone)
– Personal
space

7. © Photodisc/Getty Images
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Nonverbal Codes (4)
• Space
– Intimate distance (18”)
– Personal distance (4’)
– Social distance (12’)
– Public distance (< 12’)
© Fancy Collection/SuperStock
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Nonverbal Codes (5)
• Time (chronemics)
– Monochronic
• Privacy
• tasks
– Polychronic
• Relationships
• multitask
© Image Source

8. ©McGraw-Hill Education.
Nonverbal Codes (6)
• Touching (haptics)
– Tactile communication (ask for a favor)
– Important for health
– Rituals
– Gender differences (Women value, men touch more)
– Cultural differences (England-1x per hour vs. Puerto Rico-
180x per hour)
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Nonverbal Codes (7)
• Vocal cues (paralinguistics)
– Pitch
– Rate
– Inflection
– Volume
– Quality
– Nonword sounds
© Blend Images/Hill Street Studios
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Nonverbal Codes (8)
• Vocal cues

9. – Pronunciation
– Articulation
– Enunciation
– Silence
• Clothing and
artifacts (objectics)
© Medioimages/Photodisc/Getty Images RF
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Improving Nonverbal Communication
• Context
– Volume, etc.
• Audience
– Age, purpose,
clothes
• Feedback
– Perception check
© UpperCut Images/SuperStock
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOkrS1v7Ywk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOkrS1v7Ywk
©McGraw-Hill Education.

10. Cultural Differences
• Consistent use of space (U.S./Space Zones)
• Emphasis on verbal messages (U.S./rude?)
• Emblems used for less
formal messages (U.S./very few signify respect)
• Eye contact (expected)
• Bigger vocal characteristics
©McGraw-Hill Education.
Can you?
• Define nonverbal communication
• Describe how verbal and nonverbal codes work together
• Identify two problems people have in interpreting nonverbal
codes
• Define and identify nonverbal codes
• Understand how objects are used in nonverbal communication
• Utilize strategies for improving your nonverbal
communication
Slide Number 1Chapter 4: �Nonverbal CommunicationSlide
Number 3Slide Number 4ObjectivesWhat Is Nonverbal
Communication?Relation of Verbal and NonverbalAmbiguity of
Nonverbal CodesNonverbal Codes (1)Nonverbal Codes
(2)Nonverbal Codes (3)Nonverbal Codes (4)Nonverbal Codes
(4)Nonverbal Codes (5)Nonverbal Codes (6)Nonverbal Codes
(7)Nonverbal Codes (8)Improving Nonverbal
CommunicationCultural DifferencesCan you?

11. The Five forces that shape Strategy
Rivalry among existing competitors
Threat of new entrants
Bargaining power of supplies
Bargaining power of buyers
Threat of substitute products or services