World War I, also known as the Great War, was a global war centered in Europe that began in 1914 and lasted until 1918. It started as a conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia but grew to include many of the great powers of Europe and beyond, divided along the lines of the Allied and Central Powers. Trench warfare and new industrial weapons led to unprecedented casualties over four years before an Allied victory.

1. World War I
“The Great War”
1914-1918
Ms. Carpenter
Duluth Middle
Social Studies

2. Rivalry Between Nations
 Industrialization created rivalries among European
countries.
 Great Britain, France, Germany, and other European
countries needed natural resources for their factories.
 They also needed markets were they could sell their
products.
 Imperialism: European countries claimed land in Africa
and Asia to set up colonies.
 European countries also built up large armies and
navies to protect their empires.
 Countries formed alliances with one another and
agreed to support one another in times of war.

3. World War I
Why did it start?
 nationalism, colonialism,
and alliances
 June 28, 1914, Gavrilo Princip
assassinates Archduke Francis
Ferdinand and his wife Sophie of
Austria-Hungary in Sarajevo. Princip
had ties to a Serbian terrorist group.

5. World War I
Who fought whom?
 July 23rd: Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
because of assassination and Germany agrees to
support Austria-Hungary.
 August 3-4: Germany declares war on Russia, France,
and Belgium.
 August 4: Great Britain declares war on Germany.
 August 6: Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia.
 August 10:France declares war on Austria-Hungary.
 August 12: Great Britain declares war on Austria-
Hungary.
 January 31,1917: Germans resume unrestricted U-boat
attacks
 April 6,1917: USA declares war on Germany in
retaliation for the sinking of the Lusitania cruise ship on
May 7, 1915 and the resumption of unrestricted warfare.

6. World War I
The Allied Powers
 Serbia  Liberia
 Great Britain  Greece
 France  Siam
 Russia  San Marino
 Italy  Panama
 Japan  Cuba
 United States  Brazil
 Belgium  Guatemala
 Montenegro  Haiti
 Romania  Honduras
 Portugal  Costa Rica
 China  Nicaragua

7. World War I
The Central Powers
 Austria-Hungary
 Germany
 Bulgaria
 Ottoman Empire (Turkey)

8. World War I
Weaponry
 The methods of the Industrial
Revolution were used to
mass-produce deadly weapons.
 airplane
 submarine
 tank
 machine gun
 mustard Gas

9. When did the U.S. enter the
war?
 United States President Woodrow Wilson
declared a U.S. policy of absolute neutrality,
an official stance that would last until 1917
when Germany's policy of unrestricted
submarine warfare - which seriously
threatened America's commercial shipping
forced the U.S. to finally enter the war on 6
April 1917.

10. The Sinking of the Lusitania

11. The War on the Home ront
 George M. Cohen's “Over There”
 African-Americans fought in the war
but were still discriminated against.
 Women took over many factory jobs
for the first time.
Soldiers from the 369th
Infantry Regiment
proudly wearing their Croix
de Guerre medals.

13. World War I
Where did they fight?
 In Europe, trench warfare developed,
especially along the western front
between France and Germany.
 in northern Africa
 in the skies above Europe - “dog
fights” between planes
 in the Atlantic, with Germany’s
unrestricted warfare and dangerous
U-boats

14. World War I
How did it end?
 American troops arrived in Europe and
Africa.
 Paris Peace Conference
 Treaty of Versailles
 The Big Four
 Woodrow Wilson, American President
 David Lloyd George, British Prime Minister
 Georges Clemenceau, French Premier
 Vittorio Orlando, Italian Premier

15. Before the Treaty of Versailles

17. World War I
The Effects
 Russian Revolution – 1917 revolution
begun by Vladimir Lenin and led to a
communist government in Russia
 Germany was blamed for starting the war
and was asked to pay for the damage
leaving the country in financial ruins.
 The Austrian-Hungarian empire was
dismantled.
 The Ottoman Empire was destroyed.
 World War II