This document discusses universal design principles for inclusive design. It begins with introducing the speaker and discussing how most designs are made for a narrow target user, usually young males. It emphasizes that good design should address the wide variety of human abilities. It then outlines several key principles of universal design like equitable use, flexibility, perceptible information, tolerance for error, and low physical effort. Examples are given to illustrate each principle, such as curb cuts that benefit people of all abilities. The document stresses that universal design requires understanding diverse audiences and their varied needs.

1. Universal Design Principles
Experimental Interaction Design Workshop
Tallinn Summer School
July 18
Vladimir Tomberg, Ph.D.

2. About myself
• BSc and MSc in
Informatics
• PhD in Education Sciences
• Design team lead in
Learning Layers FP7
project
• Teach Design for All and
Accessibility Workshop in
TLU HCI master curricula

3. One Size Fits All
“… the human interface of
some software applications
gives the impression that
the designer’s model of the
user was a 25-year-old
male with a doctorate in
computer science who is
besotted with technology
and is more interested in
playing with a computer
than in completing useful
job of work!”
Alistair D. N. Edwards
Design for ALL 3

4. Typical Persona: no Data About
Personal Abilities
Design for ALL 4Image courtesy of http://barnabasnagy.net/

5. Dependency and Autonomy
During Life
Design for ALL 5Image courtesy of Design For All Foundation

6. Functions that Participate in
Interaction and Affect Design
Vision
Hearing
Thinking
Communication
Locomotion
Reach & stretch
Dexterity
Design for ALL 6User capabilities from inclusive design toolkit

7. Good Design Addresses
Multitude of Abilities
7

8. Set of Personas in
http://www.inclusivedesigntoolkit.com
Design for ALL 8

9. Persona with Important Personal
Factors Listed
• Rose is an 83 year old great
grandmother. Although fiercely
independent, she struggles with
everyday tasks like shopping,
cooking and housework. Carol
and David need to come round
most days to help.
• She still greatly enjoys an active
social life - including her regular
bridge and quiz night every week
and going out for meals with the
whole family.
• Unlike David, Rose has come to
accept her hearing aid as a
necessity. She has worn reading
glasses for many years and
always carries them with her.
Design for ALL 9

10. How to address needs of everyone?
The answer is − Universal Design

11. The History of Design by Sooshin Choi
Source: http://livewellcollaborative.org/
11Design for ALL

12. Volkswagen Beetle − Industrial Design Example
12Design for ALLSource: kohhranthianghlim.org

13. Classic UD Example −
Ramp or Curb Cut
Design for ALL 13Source: kohhranthianghlim.org

14. The Origins of Influences and Ideas
Design for ALL 14
John Clarkson, P., Coleman, R., History of Inclusive
Design in the UK, Applied Ergonomics (2013)

15. The hierarchical structure of the
universal design principles
Transcending principles
•Equity
Process related principles
•Flexibility
•Error-management
•Efficiency
•Stability/predictability
Human factors principles
•Ergonomic
•Perception
•Cognition
Higherlevelplacesdesignconstraintsonthe
lowerlevel
More general
More encompa-
ssing
More detailed
More narrowly
defined
More specific
Design for ALL 15

16. Universal Design Example
Design for ALL 16Image: tapsuk.com

17. Another Example
Design for ALL 17Image: fslocal.com

18. One More Example
Design for ALL 18Image: collectionscanada.gc.ca

19. Universal Design Strategies

20. Equitable Use
Design for ALL 20Source: livewellcollaborative.org

21. Stable and Predictable Principle
Design for ALL 21
Erlandson, R. F. (2010). Universal and accessible
design for products, services, and processes. CRC
Press.

22. Stable and Predictable Principle
Design for ALL 22
Erlandson, R. F. (2010). Universal and accessible
design for products, services, and processes. CRC
Press.

23. Stable and Predictable Principle
Design for ALL 23
Erlandson, R. F. (2010). Universal and accessible
design for products, services, and processes. CRC
Press.

24. Efficiency Design Strategies
Design for ALL 24
Reduce or eliminate non-value-added
activity (NVAA)

25. Error-Managed (Proofed) Principle
Design for ALL 25
My favorite example!

26. Error-Managed Design Strategies
Design for ALL 26
Prevent errors at the source
Image source: blog.crazyegg.com

27. Cognition Principle
Example: Color coding in Wal-Mart
Design for ALL 27
Image: zocalopublicsquare.org Source: google.com

28. Feedback
Use feedback to keep the user informed as to the status of the entity’s
operations and the entity’s response to user inputs
Design for ALL 28

29. Perception Principle
Design for ALL 29Source: somewhere in Internet

30. Something about Memory and
Universal Design
Design for ALL 30Source: Facebook

31. To make really Universal Design
think about diverse audience

32. Time for questions

33. Write to me: vtomberg@tlu.ee
Connect with me on LinkedIn:
http://ee.linkedin.com/in/vladimirtomberg/

34. What is Wrong with This Nice Parking Sign?
Source: http://www.wired.com 34Design for ALL