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William the conquerer
- 1. 12/3/15 Bell Ringer 1.Why is it called the Middle Ages? 2. In what present day countries will you find the following cities: a) Rome b) London c) Paris 3. Describe feudalism
- 2. A Alps MountainsE Atlantic Ocean J Thames River N Paris B Ural Mountains F North Sea K Danube River O Iberian Peninsula (circle it) C Pyrenees Mountains G Mediterranean Sea L Rome P Northern European Plain D Apennines Mountains H Seine River M London Q North Atlantic Drift (show flow)
- 3. I can examinethe Norman Invasion, including the Battle of Hastings and the impact of William the Conqueror 7.35 Examine the Norman Invasion, Battle of Hastings, and the impact of the reign of William the Conqueror on England and Northern France. OBJECTIVE & STANDARD
- 4. Who Will Rule? •In 1066 the last Anglo-Saxon (English) king, Edward the Confessor, died without an heir. • Two men claimed that Edward had promised the English throne to them. • William, Duke of Normandy, claimed that Edward had promised the throne to him in 1051. William was a distant cousin of Edward’s. • Harold Godwinson, Edward’s brother-in-law claimed the throne with the backing of the Witan (a council of English lords)
- 5. England before William the Conqueror’s Arrivalin the fall of 1066
- 6. • Harald Hardrada,a Viking, was invited to take the throne by Tostig Godwinson, the brother of Harold Godwinson. • Harald Hardrada invaded the eastern coast of England and defeated local English forces. • Harold Godwinson took his army and went north to fight H.H. • Harald was killed at the Battle of Stamford Bridge. • Harold Godwinson immediately turned his forces south to meet William’s army at Hastings. Meanwhile…
- 7. Main Event • HaroldGodwinson met William, Duke of Normandy at Hastings, a city on the southern coast of England https://www.youtube. com/watch?v=oLy1Lsk T6Y8
- 8. William the Conqueror •Many historians believe that Harold Godwinson was defeated because his troops were tired from their previous battle with Harald Hardrada and the quick march back south. – It is said that Godwinson was shot in the eye by an arrow. • Harold and both of his brothers were killed in the battle. • The Battle of Hastings was fought on 10/14/1066. • On Christmas Day William was crowned King of England.
- 9. Primary Source • Aunique primary source exists to document the Battle of Hastings • It is an embroidered piece of linen 210’ long and 20” tall. • It is called the Bayeux Tapestry – tells the story of William & Harold and the Battle of Hastings https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8OPQ_28mdo http://www.bayeuxtapestry.org.uk/Index.htm
- 10. William as King •William had a profound effect on England. • To reward his Norman supporters and punish the Anglo-Saxons who had supported Harold, William took most English titles from the Anglo-Saxons and gave them to his Normans.
- 11. William’s Legacy • Normansbecame the ruling class and the Old English were now a part of the lower classes. • William spoke French and though he tried to learn English, he was not successful. As a result, none of his Norman occupiers learned to speak English either. Further, many French and Latin words made their way into the English language and changed it forever.
- 12. English words derivedfrom French • Attorney from the Old French atourné • jail from Old French jaiole (meaning cage) • parliament from Anglo-Latin parliamentum, from Old French parlement, from parler to speak • soldier from Old French soudier • treaty from Old French traité • juice from Old French jus • sausage from Old Norman French saussiche
- 13. William’s Legacy • Tobetter understand (and tax) his new subjects, William created a detailed census book which listed every man, woman, and animal in England. • This book, known as the Domesday Book, was commissioned in 1085 and was the first census taken since the collapse of the Roman Empire. • This established claim for the Normans who were given land by William. It was used for centuries to determine land rights • There would not be as comprehensive a census taken again until the 1900s.
- 14. William’s Legacy • Everyruler of England since William the Conqueror can trace their ancestry back to him. • His introduction of Norman administrators has been credited with making England a world power.
- 15. CLOSE READING William theConqueror
- 16. POWTIDE ASSESSMENT What wasWilliam the Conqueror’s most important contribution to society? Write a paragraph using POWTIDE explaining the contribution and why it was so beneficial to society.
Editor's Notes
- #6 Point out that only the pink area was considered England.
- #8 The video is a BBC presentation. It lasts about 7 minutes
- #9 William was involved in a few more “skirmishes” on his way to London, but there were no real competitors for the throne.
- #10 It is not really known who embroidered the cloth. Some say it was William’s wife and other women of the court. Most historians believe it was the work of English seamstresses. The main reason for the generally accepted belief that it was created by English was the spelling of certain Latin words. Further it is believed that the design was sketched by someone of a military background because only someone with a knowledge of military tactics and the Battle of Hastings itself would have been able to so accurately recreate the elements of the battle.
- #11 As of a census taken approximately 20 years after the conquest shows. Only a very few Anglo-Saxon lords maintained their status and land.
- #12 It was not until the 1600s that English once again became the dominant language in England. Even so, it was a different language than that spoken prior to William’s arrival.
- #13 Many words were also from Latin. I just only used words more directly derived from French in the examples.
- #14 Pronounced “doomsday” The Domesday Book gives historians today a detailed account of life in England in the late 1000s. It told how much land each member of the aristocracy controlled. How many knights existed and how much service they owed to their overlords and their king. The Domesday Book established claim for the Normans who were given land by William after his conquest.