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William the
Conqueror
Aleš Hradečný
(mcr)
Contents
 Introduction
 Physical appearance
 Early life
 Duke of Normandy
 Conquest of England
 Reign
 Death,burial and succession
Introduction
 born about 1028 in Falaise, died on
 9 September 1087 in Rouen
 Duke of Normandy from 1035 to 1087
(William II)
 King of England from 1066 to 1087
(William I)
 Known as William the Conqueror, William
the Bastard
Physical appearance
 No authentic portrait was
found, but he was described as
a man of fair stature, with very
strong arms but with he was
quite fat
 His enemies commented,that
he stinked like a tanner shop
(occupation of his mother’s
family)
Wax figure of William the Conqueror
in Madame Tussaud's, London.
Early life
 Born in Falaise, Normandy
 Illegitimate and only son of
Robert II, duke of Normandy
 His mother was Herleva,
daughter of Fulbert, most likely
a local tanner
Tannery workers
Duke of Normandy
 William succeeded his father as Duke of Normandy at the age of
seven in 1035
 The Norman noblemen were trying to take his place, and three of
William’s guardians were killed
 In 1047, he defeated rebelling Norman
barons in the battle of Val-ès-Dunes and
united the Normandy
1053, he married his cousin Mathilda
(4 sons and 6 daughters)
Conquest of England
 English succession
 1066, after the dead of Edward the Confessor,there were three men,
who wanted England:
 Harold Godwinson – earl of Wessex, by the last will of Edward, he was
crowned in January 1066
 William II – duke of Normandy, he thought he is the rightful king of
England (Edward was cousin of his father), Harold
promised him the throne in 1064
 Harald III – Viking king of Norway
 Harold raised the army immediately after he took power and was awaiting
the attack
Conquest of England
 Norman Invasion
 William began to create a new army (Normans, French mercenaries,
many foreign knights)
 The army (600 ships and 7000 men) was waiting, the English
channel was well-guarded by Harold
 September 8, Harold withdrew his army, because of falling morale
and supplies
 September 25 – slaughterous battle of Stamford Bridge (Harold
defeated Harald III with Tostig Godwinson)
 September 28 – William landed in England and moved to Hastings
Conquest of England
 Battle of Hastings
 October 14 – it lasted all day
 William defeated the English
army (Harold was shot by an
arrow into his eye and died)
 March to London
 The english council Witan refused
to surrender (Edgar Etheling),
William marched to London,
plundering the cities in his way
 On December 25, Etheling
escaped and William was
crowned in Westminster Abbey
Conquest of England
 Against English resistance
 The south capitulated quickly to
the Normans, but in the North the
resistance continued until 1072
 The worst crisis came in 1068,
Northumbria and Mercia,led by
Etheling, revolted and the Scots
and the Danes joined them
 The rebels besieged and captured
York and the rebellion was
spreading in whole England
Conquest of England
 Harrying of the North
 William dealed with the new
waves of revolts in the West and
moved to North
 He defeated Etheling, but he was
very angry,so he decided to
devastate Northumbria
completely
 Burning houses, killing English
men and animals
 Northumbria never rebelled again
Reign
 Reforms
 In 1086,the Domesday book was published (the first complete english land
register)
 Many castles and keeps (helped with revolts) throughout England,
foundation of Tower of London
 The French replaced English for nearly 300 years
 He eliminated the English aristocracy in 4 years
Domesday book
Death,burial and succession
 When William was besieging Mantes in 1087, he fell from a horse
and cut his colon
 After a few weeks , he died at the convent of St.Gervaise
 Before his death, he divided his succession between his 3 sons:
 Robert III – the oldest son got Normandy
 William II – England
 Henry I – he received 5000 silver pounds, after William’s death he
became the English king
 William was burried in Caen, but his grave was defiled twice
(French wars of religion, the French Revolution)
 Nowadays, only his left femur remains in the tomb
Sources
 www.wikipedia.org
 www.cs.wikipedia.org
 www.lib.utexas.edu
 www.albion-swords.com
 www.englishmonarchs.co.uk
 Horrible Histories: The Stormin’ Normans, Deary Terry

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7.ppt

  • 2. Contents  Introduction  Physical appearance  Early life  Duke of Normandy  Conquest of England  Reign  Death,burial and succession
  • 3. Introduction  born about 1028 in Falaise, died on  9 September 1087 in Rouen  Duke of Normandy from 1035 to 1087 (William II)  King of England from 1066 to 1087 (William I)  Known as William the Conqueror, William the Bastard
  • 4. Physical appearance  No authentic portrait was found, but he was described as a man of fair stature, with very strong arms but with he was quite fat  His enemies commented,that he stinked like a tanner shop (occupation of his mother’s family) Wax figure of William the Conqueror in Madame Tussaud's, London.
  • 5. Early life  Born in Falaise, Normandy  Illegitimate and only son of Robert II, duke of Normandy  His mother was Herleva, daughter of Fulbert, most likely a local tanner Tannery workers
  • 6. Duke of Normandy  William succeeded his father as Duke of Normandy at the age of seven in 1035  The Norman noblemen were trying to take his place, and three of William’s guardians were killed  In 1047, he defeated rebelling Norman barons in the battle of Val-ès-Dunes and united the Normandy 1053, he married his cousin Mathilda (4 sons and 6 daughters)
  • 7. Conquest of England  English succession  1066, after the dead of Edward the Confessor,there were three men, who wanted England:  Harold Godwinson – earl of Wessex, by the last will of Edward, he was crowned in January 1066  William II – duke of Normandy, he thought he is the rightful king of England (Edward was cousin of his father), Harold promised him the throne in 1064  Harald III – Viking king of Norway  Harold raised the army immediately after he took power and was awaiting the attack
  • 8. Conquest of England  Norman Invasion  William began to create a new army (Normans, French mercenaries, many foreign knights)  The army (600 ships and 7000 men) was waiting, the English channel was well-guarded by Harold  September 8, Harold withdrew his army, because of falling morale and supplies  September 25 – slaughterous battle of Stamford Bridge (Harold defeated Harald III with Tostig Godwinson)  September 28 – William landed in England and moved to Hastings
  • 9.
  • 10. Conquest of England  Battle of Hastings  October 14 – it lasted all day  William defeated the English army (Harold was shot by an arrow into his eye and died)  March to London  The english council Witan refused to surrender (Edgar Etheling), William marched to London, plundering the cities in his way  On December 25, Etheling escaped and William was crowned in Westminster Abbey
  • 11. Conquest of England  Against English resistance  The south capitulated quickly to the Normans, but in the North the resistance continued until 1072  The worst crisis came in 1068, Northumbria and Mercia,led by Etheling, revolted and the Scots and the Danes joined them  The rebels besieged and captured York and the rebellion was spreading in whole England
  • 12. Conquest of England  Harrying of the North  William dealed with the new waves of revolts in the West and moved to North  He defeated Etheling, but he was very angry,so he decided to devastate Northumbria completely  Burning houses, killing English men and animals  Northumbria never rebelled again
  • 13. Reign  Reforms  In 1086,the Domesday book was published (the first complete english land register)  Many castles and keeps (helped with revolts) throughout England, foundation of Tower of London  The French replaced English for nearly 300 years  He eliminated the English aristocracy in 4 years Domesday book
  • 14. Death,burial and succession  When William was besieging Mantes in 1087, he fell from a horse and cut his colon  After a few weeks , he died at the convent of St.Gervaise  Before his death, he divided his succession between his 3 sons:  Robert III – the oldest son got Normandy  William II – England  Henry I – he received 5000 silver pounds, after William’s death he became the English king  William was burried in Caen, but his grave was defiled twice (French wars of religion, the French Revolution)  Nowadays, only his left femur remains in the tomb
  • 15.
  • 16. Sources  www.wikipedia.org  www.cs.wikipedia.org  www.lib.utexas.edu  www.albion-swords.com  www.englishmonarchs.co.uk  Horrible Histories: The Stormin’ Normans, Deary Terry