- Feudal monarchs had limited power and relied on vassals for military support, while nobles and the Church had significant power in their own domains. - Both nobles and the Church collected taxes and had their own courts and armies. - Monarchs tried to centralize power by expanding their royal domains, establishing centralized justice and tax systems, and building standing armies. They also strengthened ties with the middle class. - After the death of King Edward in 1066, William the Conqueror invaded England from Normandy and defeated the English at the Battle of Hastings, becoming the new King of England.

1. Chapter 9.1

2. Monarchs and Nobles Feudal monarchs stood at the head of society but had limited power They ruled their own domains but relied on vassals for military support The nobles and the Church had as much or more power than the monarchs

3. Nobles and the Church Both the Nobles and the Church had their own courts Collected their own taxes And had their own army

4. Centralizing Power The monarchs tried to centralize power by expanding the Royal Domain and setting up their own system of justice that undermined the feudal and church courts.

5. Centralizing Power (ctd.) The monarchs also organized a government bureaucracy Developed a system of taxes And built a standing army They also strengthened ties with the middle class

6. Fight for England During the middle ages, Angles, Saxons, and Vikings all invaded and settled in England. Although feudalism developed, English rulers generally kept their kingdom together.

7. Fight for England(ctd.) In 1066, the Anglo-Saxon king Edward died leaving no heir. Edward's brother-in-law, Harold, was chosen to rule, but Duke William of Normandy, an agressive descendant of Vikings also claimed the English throne.

8. Fight for England(ctd.) Duke William of Normandy raised an army and gained the backing of the Pope. He sailed across the English Channel. At the battle of Hastings, William beat Harold and on Christmas Day 1066, William the conqueror, as he was now called, got the crown of England. Williams french speaking nobles took over, the Anglo-Saxons still survived and had 300 years of blending with the people of normandy

9. Controlling England William took firm control of his land, he granted feifs to the church and to the Norman lords, he kept a large amount of the land for himself. He monitored who built castles and where. He required every vassle to swear allegence to him before the feudal lords that they served.

10. The Magna Carta http://slideroll.com/?s=g3crfgz5