This document discusses European imperialism in Africa before 1914. It provides four reasons for European imperialism: colonies provided resources and markets, more colonies meant more power, social Darwinism and belief in European racial superiority, and a desire to spread Christianity. By 1914, most of Africa was under European control, with only Ethiopia and Liberia independent. The document also discusses imperialism in Asia and the Pacific, with European powers invading and colonizing regions like Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands in the late 1800s.

2. African Before European
Imperialism
 ____________________ Control
by a strong nation over a weaker
nation
 Why?

3. Four Reasons for
Imperialism
 1)
 Colonies ____________________
 Colonies ____________________

4. Four Reasons for
Imperialism
 2)
 More Colonies = More Power

5. Four Reasons for
Imperialism
 3) ____________________– Belief that one race is
superior to others
 Europeans felt like they were BETTER
 ____________________ Use of Charles Darwin’s ideas
about evolution to explain human societies

6. Four Reasons for
Imperialism
 4) ____________________ – Christians wanted to
expand Christianity

7. African Discoveries
 1867-
 1886-

8. The Division of Africa
 Did not want to fight for
Africa –
 1884-1885
____________________-
Meeting at which
Europeans agreed on rules
for colonizing Africa
 By 1914, only Liberia and
Ethiopia were free from
European control.

9. Three Groups Clash in
South Africa
 ____________________ -
Zulu chief who created a
large centralized state
 Zulu land was taken over by
the British in 1887.

10. Three Groups Clash in
South Africa
 ____________________- Dutch colonists in South
Africa
 They moved North to avoid British colonization called
the ____________________
 Fought with Zulus

11. Three Groups Clash in
South Africa
 ____________________– War between British and
Boers
 ____________________

13. Four Forms of Imperialistic
Control
 1)

14. Four Forms of Imperialistic
Control
 2)

15. Four Forms of Imperialistic
Control
 3)

16. Four Forms of Imperialistic
Control
 4)

17. A New Period of
Imperialism
 France and other European
countries used direct control
 ____________________ -
Governing in a “parental” way
by providing for needs but not
giving rights
 They did not trust the native
people to run the country

18. A New Period of
Imperialism
 The French had a policy of ____________________ –
absorbing colonized people into the culture of the
imperialist nation

19. British Colonies
 ____________________– Local
governments had power
 Tried to teach natives to govern
themselves

 Some colonies did not like
having their power restricted

20. African Resistance

 East Africans were
massacred when
trying to use magic
to defeat German
machine guns

21. Ethiopia
 Emperor Menelik II – Leader of
Ethiopian resistance



22. Benefits of Colonial Rule




23. Negatives of Imperialism


 People forced out of homes
 Bad working conditions

25. Ottoman Empire Loses
Power
 1800s- ____________________
 Division of land that fought itself
 ____________________ = financial problems

26. Independence
 1830,
 Serbia won the right to self-government

27. Europeans Grab Territory
 ____________________ –interest in taking land for
location or products
 Russia – wanted to control Black Sea

28. Crimean War
 1850s - Conflict in which the Ottoman Empire halted
Russian expansion near the Black Sea


29. “Great Game”
 Russia fought Great Britain for control of British colony,
India

 Both countries withdrew
 Respect Afghan
independence

30. Egypt Initiates Reform
 Egypt, Muhammed Ali reformed economy and army

 Joins France in building ____________________
 Human-made waterway connecting the Red and
Mediterranean Seas

31. Suez Canal


 Great Britain took control of canal and Egypt

32. Persia Pressured to
Change
 Russians and the British ____________________
 Russia forced Persia to give up territories by military
victories.
 1857, Britain forced Persia to give up all claims to
Afghanistan.
 Afghanistan was a _______________ between Russia and
India

33. Muslim Countries
 1900s- Oil discovered in ____________________
 Britain and Russia took control of land
 Muslims lost land due to ____________________

35. British Expand Control
Over India
 1700s, British East India Company = most important
power in India
 Had Land
 Had Army with __________________ – Indian Soldiers
under British command

36. India
 ____________________- Term referring to India as
the most valuable of all British colonies


37. Benefits
 Rail road system 3rd largest in the world

 Telephone/telegraph lines

 Bridges

 Sanitation
 Public Schools

38. Problems

 Indian industry died out

 Forced to grow cash crops
 India suffered famine in 1800


39. Sepoy Mutiny
 1857, Indian soldiers rebelled
 Fought for 1 year
 Mutiny failed because of Indian
divisions
 British took direct control
 ________________ – British rule over
India from 1757 to 1947

40. Nationalism in India
 Leaders _________________ Indian traditions
 Indians resented British ____________________
 Could not have the best jobs

 Indian National Congress and Muslim League
created to force British to make changes

42. Europe Invades Pacific Rim
 ____________________ – Southeast Asian mainland
and islands along the Rim of the Pacific Ocean

43. Dutch Invade Pacific Rim
 Southeast Asia perfect for plantations and important
products

 Social Classes:
Dutch
Wealthy/Educated Indonesians
Plantation Workers

44. Britain Invades Pacific Rim

 British encouraged Chinese to take Malaysia
 Malaysian minority in Malaysia

45. France Invades Pacific Rim
 France invades ____________________
 (Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam)

 Major crop: Rice
 Exported so much rice, there
was not enough to eat

46. Europe Invades Pacific Rim

 Benefitted Europe more than locals

 A lot of conflict due to migration

47. Siam Remains
Independent
 Siam (Thailand) remained
independent
 Siam ____________________played
France and Britain against each
other

 Ended slavery

48. U.S. Imperialism in the
Pacific Islands
 1898, US controlled ___________________,
____________________, and __________________

49. U.S. Imperialism in the
Pacific Islands
 ____________________- Leader of Filipino
nationalist
 Fought Americans for freedom
 US won
 Promised self-government in the future


50. Hawaii
 Hawaii was a wealthy sugar plantation
 US businesses in Hawaii asked for
____________________ – adding of territory to make
more money
 1890s- ____________________ tried to regain
control but failed
 1898 – Hawaii became ____________________