Class presentation for my students, CCSS 2º ESO BIL. book SM.

1. Medieval cities
Unit 3 - 2º ESO

2. The improvements in agriculture made the population increased.
Some of the improvements were:
.More land available.
.New crops.
.New techniques.
.New machinery.
.More irrigated areas.
.Greater use of mills.
Why did Europe become more prosperous?

3. The importance of cities
From the 12th Century cities grew again.
Some were old cities, but others were new cities.
Medieval cities were small.
Why did cities grow?

4. 1. Many peasants migrated to
cities due to the
improvements in
agriculture (less workers
were necessary).
2. The revival in trade made
cities the centre of the
exchanges.
3. Cities offered a better life
and freedom.
The causes of urban growth

7. They were free people. The new cities were called BURGS,
And the bourgeois its inhabitants.
1. Rich merchants, who governed cities.
2. Craftsmen, shopkeepers or domestic service
(most of the population)
3. Poor people with no job or the worse ones.
Religion
Most of the cities population were Christians, but there were also other groups
who lived in separated quarters:
.Jewish quarters o ghettoes: Jewish people lived there.
.Moorish quarters: muslim people.
Inhabitants of the cities

8. Trade developed quickly from the 12th Century. The commercial activity was one
of the main ones in the cities.
There were two main trade routes:
1. The Mediterranean.
2. The Atlantic and Baltic
route -> dominated by the
Hanseatic League.
The economy. How did trade grow?

9. CURRENCY.
Until the 11th century bartering predominated. From then, cities minted gold coins.

10. Due to the increase in trade, banking systems developed, money changers and
moneylending spread, and new techniques appeared:
.Payment by credit.
.Bills of exchange.
The development of banking

12. CRAFTSMEN
The number of craftsmen raised because of
the increase in the demand.
They worked on different products and with
different materials, but they always worked
by hand.
Their place to work was the workshops,
usually located in their own houses. They also
had a shop to sell the products in the same
space.
Craftsmen of the same profession often lived
in the same street, named after trades.
What was the role of craftsmen?

14. There were 3 categories of craftsmen:
1. Master craftsmen
2. Journeymen
3. Apprentices
TRADES

15. Look carefully.
-Could you identify the people in
this picture?
-And what would be their trade?
Practise

16. The growth of Royal authority
• Due to the economic improvement Kings collected more taxes. They created
now their own armies (so they did not depend on nobles anymore).
• They reinforced their power by restoring Roman law.
• In cities, kings began to take power from the nobles.
• The bourgois supported them.
• They gave charters of liberties to the cities to gain citizen help.
• Kings began to have political power.
Why did monarchies grow stronger?

17. The kings created the Parliaments.
In the Parliaments a few people was represented:
● the king
● the nobles
● the clergy
● the city mayors
Kings used Parliaments in order to reduce nobles
importance with the aid of cities.
The main functions of the Parliaments were:
● establish new taxes
● approve special budgets for wars
The creation of Parliaments

18. The Investiture Controversy

19. 14th CENTURY CRISIS

21. The main reasons for having conflicts in that time were:
● War of succession: when a king died with no heirs.
● Border conflicts: regarding kingdom’s borders or new lands.
Conflicts between European kingdoms