Differences between weather and climate, factors that affect climate, instruments to study the weather and the climate.

2. WEATHER AND CLIMATE
 Weather is what the forecasters
on the TV news predict each day.
They tell people about the
temperature, cloudiness, humidity
, storms...
 It is the mix of events that
happens each day in our
atmosphere.
 Weather is not the same
everywhere. It may be hot and
sunny in one part of the world, but
freezing and snowy in another.

3. WEATHER AND CLIMATE
 Climate is the average weather in a place over
many years. While the weather can change in just a
few hours, climate takes
hundreds, thousands, even millions of years to
change.
Sometimes the
climate of a
place is
described with
graphs like
this. They are
known as
climatograms.

4. CLIMATE
 A number of factors influence the climates found
around the globe. Some of them are:
 Latitude
 Altitude
 Proximity to the sea

5. CLIMATE This is because the Earth is
tilted. This way, the closer you
 Latitude is the
are to the Equator, the hotter
distance a region is
the climate is going to be.
from the equator, to
the north or south. A
region's latitude
determines how much
solar energy it
receives from the sun.

7. CLIMATE
 Altitude refers to the vertical
distance between the
lowest point and the highest
point of an area. A land's
altitude is calculated by
measuring the distance As we go higher and
from sea level to the higher, the climate
highest point. becomes cooler.

8. CLIMATE
 Distance from the
sea: land heats and
cools faster than the
sea.
Therefore, coastal On the coast winters are mild
areas have a lower and summers are cool. In inland
temperature range areas temperatures are high in
than those areas the summer and cold in the
inland. winter.

9. THE STUDY OF WEATHER AND CLIMATE
 Weather stations have meteorological instruments to get
information about the weather conditions. Some of these
instruments are:
Wind gauges
Rain gauges (anemometers) and
Thermometers Barometers
(pluviometers) weather vanes