This document discusses climate zones and climate change. It begins with an introduction to climate and what determines climate zones. It then discusses several classification systems for climate zones, including Köppen climate zones and ecoregions. Several factors that influence climate zones are also outlined, such as latitude, proximity to large bodies of water, air currents, land formations, and altitude. The document concludes by briefly discussing the energy balance of the Earth.
This document discusses climate zones and climate change. It begins with an introduction to climate and what determines climate zones. It then discusses several classification systems for climate zones, including Köppen climate zones and ecoregions. Several factors that influence climate zones are also outlined, such as latitude, proximity to large bodies of water, air currents, land formations, and altitude. The document concludes by briefly discussing the balance of energy on Earth.
This document provides an overview of climate zones and climate classification systems. It begins with an introduction to climate and what determines different climate zones. It then discusses several prominent climate classification schemes, including Köppen climate zones and ecoregions. Several key factors that influence climate zones are outlined, such as latitude, proximity to large bodies of water, air currents, land formations, and altitude. Examples are given of how these factors shape regional climates. The document concludes with a brief discussion of Earth's energy balance.
Master Naturalist Presentation: Weather and ClimateDenny Casey
The document discusses various factors that influence weather and climate, including the sun, Earth's orbit and tilt, ocean currents, greenhouse gases, and human activities. It provides details on climate cycles driven by changes in eccentricity, obliquity and precession of Earth's orbit over thousands of years. Climate variations also occur over shorter timescales due to phenomena like El Nino. The document examines how climate change is affecting Virginia's ecosystems and species.
This document summarizes key concepts about solar and terrestrial radiation, including:
- Solar radiation is energy from the sun, while terrestrial radiation is energy reflected back from Earth.
- Radiation can be direct, diffuse after scattering, or reflected. Some is absorbed by the atmosphere or Earth's surface.
- The reflectivity of surfaces like snow, sand, forests and grasslands affects how much radiation is reflected.
- Daily temperature cycles are driven by variations in net radiation from changes in solar insolation over 24 hours.
The document provides an introduction to climatology and discusses various global and local climate factors. It defines climate as the integration of weather conditions over time for a particular region, distinguishing it from weather which refers to short term atmospheric conditions. Key factors that influence climate are discussed including solar radiation, tilt of the Earth's axis, wind patterns, topography, and precipitation. Different climate zones and the climate of India are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of weather and climate concepts. It discusses how weather is caused by differences in temperature and air pressure between locations. It also describes common weather phenomena and how weather is forecasted using various instruments and models. The document outlines different climate zones and variables that influence climate. It explains phenomena like El Niño and hurricanes and how climate change is impacting environments and societies.
This document provides information about climatology and weather elements. It discusses how weather is the short-term atmospheric conditions in an area, while climate describes conditions over 30+ years. Climatology studies the distribution of atmospheric phenomena. Key weather elements discussed include temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind systems, solar radiation, and air masses. Temperature is influenced by factors like the sun's angle, cloud cover, elevation, distance from bodies of water, and ocean currents. Atmospheric pressure varies with altitude, temperature, latitude, and the Earth's rotation. Local winds include land/sea breezes and anabatic/katabatic winds, while global winds are trade winds, westerlies, and polar winds.
This document discusses the history and concepts of climatology and meteorology. It provides definitions of climate from various scholars as the composite of weather over a long period of time, including variations and extremes. Meteorology is defined as the study of weather and atmospheric conditions. The document also outlines the key elements of climate, factors influencing climate distribution, and subdivisions of climatology including physical, regional, and applied climatology.
This document discusses climate zones and climate change. It begins with an introduction to climate and what determines climate zones. It then discusses several classification systems for climate zones, including Köppen climate zones and ecoregions. Several factors that influence climate zones are also outlined, such as latitude, proximity to large bodies of water, air currents, land formations, and altitude. The document concludes by briefly discussing the balance of energy on Earth.
This document provides an overview of climate zones and climate classification systems. It begins with an introduction to climate and what determines different climate zones. It then discusses several prominent climate classification schemes, including Köppen climate zones and ecoregions. Several key factors that influence climate zones are outlined, such as latitude, proximity to large bodies of water, air currents, land formations, and altitude. Examples are given of how these factors shape regional climates. The document concludes with a brief discussion of Earth's energy balance.
Master Naturalist Presentation: Weather and ClimateDenny Casey
The document discusses various factors that influence weather and climate, including the sun, Earth's orbit and tilt, ocean currents, greenhouse gases, and human activities. It provides details on climate cycles driven by changes in eccentricity, obliquity and precession of Earth's orbit over thousands of years. Climate variations also occur over shorter timescales due to phenomena like El Nino. The document examines how climate change is affecting Virginia's ecosystems and species.
This document summarizes key concepts about solar and terrestrial radiation, including:
- Solar radiation is energy from the sun, while terrestrial radiation is energy reflected back from Earth.
- Radiation can be direct, diffuse after scattering, or reflected. Some is absorbed by the atmosphere or Earth's surface.
- The reflectivity of surfaces like snow, sand, forests and grasslands affects how much radiation is reflected.
- Daily temperature cycles are driven by variations in net radiation from changes in solar insolation over 24 hours.
The document provides an introduction to climatology and discusses various global and local climate factors. It defines climate as the integration of weather conditions over time for a particular region, distinguishing it from weather which refers to short term atmospheric conditions. Key factors that influence climate are discussed including solar radiation, tilt of the Earth's axis, wind patterns, topography, and precipitation. Different climate zones and the climate of India are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of weather and climate concepts. It discusses how weather is caused by differences in temperature and air pressure between locations. It also describes common weather phenomena and how weather is forecasted using various instruments and models. The document outlines different climate zones and variables that influence climate. It explains phenomena like El Niño and hurricanes and how climate change is impacting environments and societies.
This document provides information about climatology and weather elements. It discusses how weather is the short-term atmospheric conditions in an area, while climate describes conditions over 30+ years. Climatology studies the distribution of atmospheric phenomena. Key weather elements discussed include temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind systems, solar radiation, and air masses. Temperature is influenced by factors like the sun's angle, cloud cover, elevation, distance from bodies of water, and ocean currents. Atmospheric pressure varies with altitude, temperature, latitude, and the Earth's rotation. Local winds include land/sea breezes and anabatic/katabatic winds, while global winds are trade winds, westerlies, and polar winds.
This document discusses the history and concepts of climatology and meteorology. It provides definitions of climate from various scholars as the composite of weather over a long period of time, including variations and extremes. Meteorology is defined as the study of weather and atmospheric conditions. The document also outlines the key elements of climate, factors influencing climate distribution, and subdivisions of climatology including physical, regional, and applied climatology.
The document discusses different climates and biomes around the world. It begins by explaining the difference between climate, which is average weather over 20+ years, and weather, which is conditions over a shorter time period like days or weeks. It then discusses six main biomes: equatorial, savanna, desert, Mediterranean, tundra, and monsoon climates. Each biome is characterized by its location, description, seasons, rainfall, temperature, and example regions. Other biomes like grasslands, deciduous forests, and boreal forests are also briefly outlined. Factors influencing climate like latitude, distance from oceans, altitude, and ocean currents are explained.
Climatology seeks to explain the causes of different climates, their variations, effects on vegetation, and interactions with human societies. It analyzes weather and climate elements. Climate is defined as the weather conditions prevailing in an area over a long period. Weather describes atmospheric conditions at a given time. Climatology examines climate data from ice cores and ocean sediments dating back millions of years. It also studies how climate has changed in recent centuries and decades due to human activities like fossil fuel use and deforestation. Applied climatology explores relationships between climate and other phenomena like agriculture, human health, and industries.
This document provides information about climatology and the key concepts within it. It defines weather as the short-term atmospheric conditions over an area, while climate describes conditions over a long period of time (many years). It describes the layers of the atmosphere including the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere. It also discusses atmospheric composition, temperature, pressure, and the processes involved in energy transfer within the atmosphere.
Climatology is the science of studying the average atmospheric conditions of a region in long-term perspective. The primary goal of Climatology is to study the unique characteristics of atmosphere in controlling the global climate, origin, types of climates, causes and processes influencing the climatic variations, elements of weather and the impact of climate on humans or vice-versa.
This document discusses weather, climate, and how they are measured. It defines weather as the day-to-day conditions of a place, driven by differences in air pressure, temperature and moisture. Climate is defined as the average weather conditions over many years, usually 30, and is influenced by location. The key elements that make up weather and climate are discussed as temperature, pressure, wind, humidity and precipitation. Weather stations use instruments like hygrometers, rain gauges, barometers and maximum/minimum thermometers to measure these elements.
Climatic systems major components and implications in agricultural planningJack Onyisi Abebe
This document discusses the components of climatic systems and their implications for agricultural planning. It defines climatic systems as consisting of five major components: the atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, land surface, and biosphere. It describes each of these components and their interactions. The document then discusses how understanding climatic systems can inform various aspects of agricultural planning, such as selecting crop varieties suited to local climates, managing frost and drought risks, and adapting to climate change.
TEMPERATURE
COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE
Layers of the ATMOSPHERE
WEATHER and CLIMATE
LATITUDINAL ZONES
ELEMENTS & CONTROLS OF WEATHER & CLIMATE
WARM MAJOR CURRENTS OF THE WORLD
Land Breeze & Sea Breeze
The document discusses several factors that influence Earth's climate:
1) Solar energy is the main driver of climate, affecting global temperatures as it is absorbed by the atmosphere, oceans, and land.
2) Other factors like Earth's orbit, axial tilt, and rotation influence the distribution of solar radiation and cause seasonal changes.
3) Large bodies of water like oceans influence climate by slowly storing and transferring heat around the world.
The document provides an overview of climatology and global climatic factors. It discusses five main climate types - tropical, dry, temperate, continental, and polar. Key global climatic factors that influence climate are also summarized, including solar radiation quality and quantity, the tilt of the Earth's axis, radiation at the Earth's surface, the Earth's thermal balance, winds driven by thermal forces like trade winds and the coriolis effect, mid-latitude westerlies, polar winds, annual wind shifts, and the influence of topography. Climate is defined as averaged weather over 30 years, while weather reflects short-term atmospheric conditions.
The climate of a region is ultimately determined by the radiation energy of the sun, and its distribution and temporal fluctuations. The long-term state of the atmosphere is a function of a variety of interacting elements. They are: Solar radiation, Air masses, Pressure systems (and cyclone belts),Ocean Currents, and topography.
Predicting Weather and Climate ( Including humanitarian response and Solutions )Fiaz Bhuiyan
This document provides information about weather, climate, climate change, and humanitarian responses to natural disasters. It discusses:
- The definition of weather and factors that affect it like temperature, humidity, and wind. It also discusses weather forecasting.
- The definition of climate as average weather conditions over many years and factors that influence climate like landscape and proximity to the equator.
- Evidence that climate change is influenced more by human activities than fluctuations in solar energy. It discusses the greenhouse effect and increasing global temperatures.
- Strategies for mitigating climate change through green building practices that consider energy and resource usage throughout the building lifecycle.
- The importance of early warning systems and early humanitarian actions to
Climate is defined as the average weather conditions in a region over many years, including patterns of temperature and precipitation. It differs from weather, which describes short term conditions. Global climate is determined by factors like solar energy absorbed and retained due to greenhouse gases, latitude determining the intensity of sunlight received, and wind and ocean currents transporting heat around the planet. Without the greenhouse effect retaining some heat, the average temperature on Earth would be around 30°C cooler.
Climatology is the scientific study of climate and a major branch of meteorology. There are three approaches to climatology: physical, descriptive, and dynamic. Physical climatology seeks to explain climate differences based on physical processes influencing climate. Descriptive climatology orients itself geographically and describes climates regionally without causal explanations. Dynamic climatology relates atmospheric circulation to climate. Climate is influenced by various physical and biological processes in the oceans and atmosphere.
Climate is defined as the average weather conditions in a particular region over a long period of time. It is characterized by factors such as atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, wind speed, and sunlight. Weather describes the short term atmospheric conditions at a specific time and place. The key difference is that climate considers weather conditions averaged over 30 years, while weather refers to day-to-day changes. Many geographic factors influence climate, including latitude, elevation, proximity to bodies of water, ocean currents, winds, and relief or landforms. Climate zones are classified based on average annual temperatures.
Earth's early atmosphere contained hydrogen and helium. After the Moon formed, volcanic activity produced CO, CO2, and water vapor. Once cyanobacteria evolved and performed photosynthesis, they consumed CO2 and produced oxygen. Currently, Earth's atmosphere is 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% trace gases. Burning fossil fuels adds excess CO2 and pollutants, warming the climate. CFCs have also depleted the ozone layer.
Climate is defined as the average weather in a region over a long period of time, typically 30 years. It is influenced by factors like latitude, altitude, proximity to bodies of water and oceans, and vegetation. There are several classification systems for climates, most commonly the Köppen system which categorizes climates as tropical, temperate, or polar. Tropical climates have high temperatures year-round, temperate climates have distinct seasons with moderate temperature changes, and polar climates are very cold with no warm summers. Paleoclimatology studies past climates through proxies like sediments and tree rings since direct observations are only available recently.
The document discusses the key elements of climate - solar radiation, long wave radiation, temperature, humidity, wind, and precipitation. It describes the tools used to measure each element, including a pyranometer for solar radiation, pyrgeometer for long wave radiation, mercury thermometer and Stevenson screen for temperature, hygrometers for humidity, cup anemometers and wind vanes for wind, and rain gauges and radar for precipitation. It also analyzes a diagram showing the relationship between temperature, moisture content, and climatic regions from tropics to arctic.
1. A climate is determined by averaging temperature, precipitation, and other factors over many years and influences the types of plants and animals and how people live in a particular area.
2. Latitude, proximity to large bodies of water, ocean currents, mountains, and urban environments impact local climates by affecting temperatures and precipitation patterns.
3. Climate changes over short term seasons and long term periods due to factors like the Earth's orientation to the Sun, volcanic eruptions, and human activities like burning fossil fuels.
Climatology is the scientific study of climate and a major branch of meteorology. There are three approaches to climatology: physical, descriptive, and dynamic. Physical climatology seeks to explain climate differences based on physical processes. Descriptive climatology orients itself geographically and describes climates regionally without causes. Dynamic climatology relates atmospheric circulation to climate. Climate is influenced by both physical processes like ocean currents and heat transport, and biological processes in the oceans like the biological pump. Changes in elements like temperature, precipitation, wind and others are driven by factors like latitude, land-sea distribution, and topography.
In this lesson, you will learn about the climate in advance. This is a very interesting lesson that you will have memories about in all school levels that you were in. You will learn a new thing in this lesson that you didn`t learn it before. In this lesson, you will learn types, influences, zones, and factors of climate and etc. This presentation has so many slides because I want to show you many things that I like about climate.
The document discusses different climates and biomes around the world. It begins by explaining the difference between climate, which is average weather over 20+ years, and weather, which is conditions over a shorter time period like days or weeks. It then discusses six main biomes: equatorial, savanna, desert, Mediterranean, tundra, and monsoon climates. Each biome is characterized by its location, description, seasons, rainfall, temperature, and example regions. Other biomes like grasslands, deciduous forests, and boreal forests are also briefly outlined. Factors influencing climate like latitude, distance from oceans, altitude, and ocean currents are explained.
Climatology seeks to explain the causes of different climates, their variations, effects on vegetation, and interactions with human societies. It analyzes weather and climate elements. Climate is defined as the weather conditions prevailing in an area over a long period. Weather describes atmospheric conditions at a given time. Climatology examines climate data from ice cores and ocean sediments dating back millions of years. It also studies how climate has changed in recent centuries and decades due to human activities like fossil fuel use and deforestation. Applied climatology explores relationships between climate and other phenomena like agriculture, human health, and industries.
This document provides information about climatology and the key concepts within it. It defines weather as the short-term atmospheric conditions over an area, while climate describes conditions over a long period of time (many years). It describes the layers of the atmosphere including the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere. It also discusses atmospheric composition, temperature, pressure, and the processes involved in energy transfer within the atmosphere.
Climatology is the science of studying the average atmospheric conditions of a region in long-term perspective. The primary goal of Climatology is to study the unique characteristics of atmosphere in controlling the global climate, origin, types of climates, causes and processes influencing the climatic variations, elements of weather and the impact of climate on humans or vice-versa.
This document discusses weather, climate, and how they are measured. It defines weather as the day-to-day conditions of a place, driven by differences in air pressure, temperature and moisture. Climate is defined as the average weather conditions over many years, usually 30, and is influenced by location. The key elements that make up weather and climate are discussed as temperature, pressure, wind, humidity and precipitation. Weather stations use instruments like hygrometers, rain gauges, barometers and maximum/minimum thermometers to measure these elements.
Climatic systems major components and implications in agricultural planningJack Onyisi Abebe
This document discusses the components of climatic systems and their implications for agricultural planning. It defines climatic systems as consisting of five major components: the atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, land surface, and biosphere. It describes each of these components and their interactions. The document then discusses how understanding climatic systems can inform various aspects of agricultural planning, such as selecting crop varieties suited to local climates, managing frost and drought risks, and adapting to climate change.
TEMPERATURE
COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE
Layers of the ATMOSPHERE
WEATHER and CLIMATE
LATITUDINAL ZONES
ELEMENTS & CONTROLS OF WEATHER & CLIMATE
WARM MAJOR CURRENTS OF THE WORLD
Land Breeze & Sea Breeze
The document discusses several factors that influence Earth's climate:
1) Solar energy is the main driver of climate, affecting global temperatures as it is absorbed by the atmosphere, oceans, and land.
2) Other factors like Earth's orbit, axial tilt, and rotation influence the distribution of solar radiation and cause seasonal changes.
3) Large bodies of water like oceans influence climate by slowly storing and transferring heat around the world.
The document provides an overview of climatology and global climatic factors. It discusses five main climate types - tropical, dry, temperate, continental, and polar. Key global climatic factors that influence climate are also summarized, including solar radiation quality and quantity, the tilt of the Earth's axis, radiation at the Earth's surface, the Earth's thermal balance, winds driven by thermal forces like trade winds and the coriolis effect, mid-latitude westerlies, polar winds, annual wind shifts, and the influence of topography. Climate is defined as averaged weather over 30 years, while weather reflects short-term atmospheric conditions.
The climate of a region is ultimately determined by the radiation energy of the sun, and its distribution and temporal fluctuations. The long-term state of the atmosphere is a function of a variety of interacting elements. They are: Solar radiation, Air masses, Pressure systems (and cyclone belts),Ocean Currents, and topography.
Predicting Weather and Climate ( Including humanitarian response and Solutions )Fiaz Bhuiyan
This document provides information about weather, climate, climate change, and humanitarian responses to natural disasters. It discusses:
- The definition of weather and factors that affect it like temperature, humidity, and wind. It also discusses weather forecasting.
- The definition of climate as average weather conditions over many years and factors that influence climate like landscape and proximity to the equator.
- Evidence that climate change is influenced more by human activities than fluctuations in solar energy. It discusses the greenhouse effect and increasing global temperatures.
- Strategies for mitigating climate change through green building practices that consider energy and resource usage throughout the building lifecycle.
- The importance of early warning systems and early humanitarian actions to
Climate is defined as the average weather conditions in a region over many years, including patterns of temperature and precipitation. It differs from weather, which describes short term conditions. Global climate is determined by factors like solar energy absorbed and retained due to greenhouse gases, latitude determining the intensity of sunlight received, and wind and ocean currents transporting heat around the planet. Without the greenhouse effect retaining some heat, the average temperature on Earth would be around 30°C cooler.
Climatology is the scientific study of climate and a major branch of meteorology. There are three approaches to climatology: physical, descriptive, and dynamic. Physical climatology seeks to explain climate differences based on physical processes influencing climate. Descriptive climatology orients itself geographically and describes climates regionally without causal explanations. Dynamic climatology relates atmospheric circulation to climate. Climate is influenced by various physical and biological processes in the oceans and atmosphere.
Climate is defined as the average weather conditions in a particular region over a long period of time. It is characterized by factors such as atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, wind speed, and sunlight. Weather describes the short term atmospheric conditions at a specific time and place. The key difference is that climate considers weather conditions averaged over 30 years, while weather refers to day-to-day changes. Many geographic factors influence climate, including latitude, elevation, proximity to bodies of water, ocean currents, winds, and relief or landforms. Climate zones are classified based on average annual temperatures.
Earth's early atmosphere contained hydrogen and helium. After the Moon formed, volcanic activity produced CO, CO2, and water vapor. Once cyanobacteria evolved and performed photosynthesis, they consumed CO2 and produced oxygen. Currently, Earth's atmosphere is 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% trace gases. Burning fossil fuels adds excess CO2 and pollutants, warming the climate. CFCs have also depleted the ozone layer.
Climate is defined as the average weather in a region over a long period of time, typically 30 years. It is influenced by factors like latitude, altitude, proximity to bodies of water and oceans, and vegetation. There are several classification systems for climates, most commonly the Köppen system which categorizes climates as tropical, temperate, or polar. Tropical climates have high temperatures year-round, temperate climates have distinct seasons with moderate temperature changes, and polar climates are very cold with no warm summers. Paleoclimatology studies past climates through proxies like sediments and tree rings since direct observations are only available recently.
The document discusses the key elements of climate - solar radiation, long wave radiation, temperature, humidity, wind, and precipitation. It describes the tools used to measure each element, including a pyranometer for solar radiation, pyrgeometer for long wave radiation, mercury thermometer and Stevenson screen for temperature, hygrometers for humidity, cup anemometers and wind vanes for wind, and rain gauges and radar for precipitation. It also analyzes a diagram showing the relationship between temperature, moisture content, and climatic regions from tropics to arctic.
1. A climate is determined by averaging temperature, precipitation, and other factors over many years and influences the types of plants and animals and how people live in a particular area.
2. Latitude, proximity to large bodies of water, ocean currents, mountains, and urban environments impact local climates by affecting temperatures and precipitation patterns.
3. Climate changes over short term seasons and long term periods due to factors like the Earth's orientation to the Sun, volcanic eruptions, and human activities like burning fossil fuels.
Climatology is the scientific study of climate and a major branch of meteorology. There are three approaches to climatology: physical, descriptive, and dynamic. Physical climatology seeks to explain climate differences based on physical processes. Descriptive climatology orients itself geographically and describes climates regionally without causes. Dynamic climatology relates atmospheric circulation to climate. Climate is influenced by both physical processes like ocean currents and heat transport, and biological processes in the oceans like the biological pump. Changes in elements like temperature, precipitation, wind and others are driven by factors like latitude, land-sea distribution, and topography.
In this lesson, you will learn about the climate in advance. This is a very interesting lesson that you will have memories about in all school levels that you were in. You will learn a new thing in this lesson that you didn`t learn it before. In this lesson, you will learn types, influences, zones, and factors of climate and etc. This presentation has so many slides because I want to show you many things that I like about climate.
This document provides information on climate change from a lecture given by Md. Abdullah-Al-Mahbub. It defines weather and climate, noting that weather is specific conditions over days while climate is average conditions over decades for a region. It discusses factors that determine climate like latitude, altitude, winds, and oceans. It also covers causes of climate change, distinguishing between natural causes like orbital changes, solar variations, and volcanic eruptions, and anthropogenic causes like greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel use and population growth since the Industrial Revolution. Finally, it lists some critical changes caused by climate change like warming temperatures, changes to the water cycle, and declining glaciers.
This lecture discusses the basics of climate change including:
1) The key factors that influence Earth's climate system and how human activity has impacted atmospheric composition and global warming.
2) Methods used by climate scientists to study past and present climate trends through direct observation and proxy indicators.
3) The potential future impacts of climate change and ways to respond to rising temperatures and other changes.
Grade 9 Different Factors Affecting Climate.pptxpauloalegria3
The document discusses several key topics related to climate and climate change:
- Climate is determined by various factors like latitude, elevation, proximity to water, ocean currents, and winds. It summarizes three main climate zones based on latitude.
- Human activities like increased greenhouse gas emissions are the main drivers of current climate change. Rising temperatures, sea level rise, extreme weather, and ocean acidification are some of the major impacts.
- Mitigating climate change requires concerted global efforts like increasing carbon sequestration, use of renewable energy, improved energy efficiency, and reducing agricultural emissions.
Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions in a small area that can change rapidly, while climate describes long-term patterns over 100+ years in a large area that changes very slowly. Seasons are caused by the tilt of the Earth's axis of rotation relative to its orbit around the sun, which determines how direct sunlight strikes each hemisphere over the course of a year. The summer solstice marks the longest day of the year when the sun's rays are most direct, while the winter solstice is the shortest day with the most indirect sunlight.
The document discusses key concepts relating to climate and climate change. It defines climate as the overall weather pattern of a region over a long period of time, typically 30 years. It is influenced by several factors, including latitude, altitude, distance from large bodies of water, ocean currents, and topography. Climate change refers to long-term shifts in global weather patterns and is exacerbated by human activities that release greenhouse gases and increase carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Climate change can have drastic effects including rising sea levels, more severe weather events, and threatened extinction of plant and animal species.
Climate is defined by long-term patterns of temperature and precipitation for a region, whereas weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions. Many factors influence global climate, including solar energy absorbed and radiated by the biosphere, latitude, and heat transport by winds and ocean currents. Solar energy is most intense at the equator, creating tropical climates, while polar regions receive less intense solar energy due to Earth's tilt, resulting in polar climates. Winds and ocean currents transport heat from warm to cool areas, affecting regional weather and climates.
The document discusses various climatic zones and elements that define them. It begins by defining key terms like climate, macroclimate, microclimate and room climate. It then examines four basic climatic elements - precipitation, temperature, pressure/winds and humidity. Several climatic zones of Ethiopia are also outlined based on location, topography, vegetation, temperature, humidity and rainfall. The document emphasizes that architecture must adapt to the local climate and that vernacular building forms evolved in response to specific climatic conditions. Microclimates are also influenced by topography. In conclusion, the assignment asks students to study the impact of climate on design considerations, available materials and unique characteristics for one of Ethiopia's climatic zones.
Climate refers to average weather conditions over long periods of time and is defined by patterns of temperature and precipitation. It is shaped by factors like solar energy, latitude, and wind and ocean currents. Solar energy heats the Earth's surface unevenly based on latitude, creating different climate zones. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide and methane, trap heat and control the planet's average temperature through the greenhouse effect. Wind and ocean currents also transport heat from warmer to cooler regions around the globe.
The document summarizes key topics related to the atmosphere and climate:
1) The atmosphere is divided into layers - the troposphere where weather occurs, the stratosphere containing the ozone layer, the mesosphere where meteors burn up, and the thermosphere containing the aurora borealis.
2) Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and water vapor trap heat in the lower atmosphere, causing the greenhouse effect which influences global temperatures.
3) Weather patterns like monsoons and frontal systems develop from atmospheric circulation and ocean currents, influenced by factors like the Coriolis effect.
4) Natural climate variability occurs on different timescales, but data from ice cores show a close correlation between past
What difference between weather and climate?Aadil Shaikh
What difference between weather and climate? The climate at a given location on the globe is called the regional climate. It is defined by the statistical characteristics of local weather conditions, obtained over a long period of time. The regional climate informs us about the seasonal variations typical of a region.
Climate is a long term condition happened in a specific place. While, weather is a short-term condition happened in a specific area and specific time. The factors affecting climate are latitude, altitude, topography, distance of bodies of water
The document discusses several key topics related to climate change:
1) The earth's climate is changing in drastic ways due to human-caused factors like greenhouse gas emissions. This climate change threatens biodiversity and causes problems like rising sea levels.
2) Several natural factors influence climate, including latitude, prevailing winds, ocean currents, elevation, proximity to water bodies, and greenhouse gases. However, human activity is now the primary driver of climate change.
3) Key indicators show the planet is warming, including rising land and ocean temperatures, sea level rise, shrinking glaciers and ice sheets, and declining arctic sea ice. Five major greenhouse gases are responsible for this warming.
The document provides an overview of weather and climate concepts. It discusses the water cycle, factors that affect weather like the sun, atmosphere, oceans, and how weather occurs in the troposphere. It also defines climate as the long-term patterns over large areas, and describes the three main climate zones: polar, temperate, and tropical. Storms like thunderstorms, hurricanes, and tornadoes are also summarized.
This document provides a summary of key topics related to air, weather, and climate:
1. It outlines the composition and layers of the atmosphere, including the troposphere, stratosphere, and thermosphere.
2. It describes greenhouse gases and the greenhouse effect, how solar radiation is absorbed and reflected, and factors influencing global temperatures.
3. It discusses weather patterns like convection currents, wind systems, ocean currents, frontal systems, and cyclonic storms.
4. It also covers natural climate variability, historical climate changes, human-caused climate change, and potential solutions to reducing greenhouse gases.
Clamate change introduction class 1.pptxLavanya943804
1) Climate change refers to long-term shifts in weather patterns due to human-caused increases in greenhouse gases.
2) Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, trapping heat in the lower atmosphere and leading to global warming.
3) Effects of climate change include stronger storms, more wildfires, rising sea levels, worsening droughts and floods, and threats to human and environmental health.
Weather is made up of different elements like temperature, precipitation, wind and more that can vary from day to day. Climate describes the average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time, usually 30 years. Some key aspects of weather include temperature, which is a measurement of how hot or cold something is, and humidity, which refers to the amount of water vapor in the air. Weather is caused by differences in air pressure and temperature between locations due to factors like the sun and Earth's rotation. Forecasting models are used to predict future weather conditions based on current data and understanding of atmospheric processes.
Similar to Climate zones and climate changes (2) (20)
9. Climate zone Geographers divide the world in several different ways. One of the ways that they divide the earth is by dividing it into climatic zones. These zones are regions of the world in which climate is defined by key values. Also, knowing the climate zone information has a wide range of uses. Gardeners, for instance, rely on climate zones to know which plants they can grow, while biologists need climate zones to help them learn more about the animal or plant they are studying. One of the very first and most popular climate zone classification was introduced by Vladimir Köppen.
10. Köppen climate zone classification One of the most widely used systems of climate zones is the Köppen climate classification. This system was developed by a Germen researcher named Vladimir Köppen. Köppen categorized the world’s climate into five zones: tropical, dry, moderate, continental and polar zones. Each divisions are further divided into subdivisions (e.g. dry arid and dry semiarid) to give a more accurate account. The Köppen classification method has been improved and revised over the years to give a precise account of the earth’s environmental status.
11. Climate change video: Tennessee Tennessee has been seeing a change in climate for the past decade. The area is seen to be gradually warming up. Because of this trend, it is being discussed whether the state’s climate should be changed on the zone map http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wnfkbaRXl_0
12. Bioclimate Profile A detailed account of a region’s climate can be seen in a Bioclimate profile. Bioclimate profiles are a series of graphs that depict the temperature and moisture conditions of a zone. Unlike Ecoregions, Bioclimate profile only describe the climate. This method displays a location’s climate forty to eighty years in the future. (a) predicted climate for decades 2030 (b), 2060 (c) and 2090 (d) under climate change
13. Ecoregions In the last few decades, it is seen that the concern for the survival of ecosystems has steadily been increasing in the human population. Because of this gradually increasing worry, scientist have developed a new method of classification in which parts of the earth are categorized based on their ecology. Ecoregions divide the earth based on a regions landforms, soil, plants, animals and the climate. Human factors such as crops and urban centres are also considered. Canada recently developed it’s own system for mapping Ecoregions. In Canada’s system, the major Ecoregions are further divided into smaller Ecoregions.
14. Factors affecting climate in climate zones There are five major factors that influence the climate in climate zones 1.)Latitude 2.) Large bodies of water 3.) Air Currents 4.) Land formation 5.) Altitude
15. Latitude The most important factor that affects the climate of a zone is the latitudinal degree on which the region lies. Basically, latitude is the angular distance north or south from the equator. The latitude of any given area affects that area’s climate as it indicates the intensity and the duration of sun exposure that the region receives. Because the sun shines directly overhead earth, the energy from the sun is concentrated and is most intense at the equator. Thus the climate of zones located near the equator or at 0 degrees latitude are found to be more warmer as compared to regions farther away from the equator.
16. Large bodies of water The presence of large bodies of water can also influence the climate of a region. Although there are many ways in which these water bodies can affect the climate, the most significant impact is based on the fact that these water masses act as heat sponges. In other words, the water absorbs heat during warm periods and release them during cold period. Because of this behavior, large bodies of water are known to be moderators; during the hot days of summer, the water absorbs heat, bringing the temperature down to a moderate level. Similarly, during cold winters, heat is emitting into the air, again, bringing the temperature to a moderate level.
17. Air currents Prevailing winds are yet another aspect that contribute in shaping a region’s climate. These winds mainly affect the precipitation of a region. As prevailing winds pass over the ocean, it picks up water vapours. With the assistance of the winds the vapours are then carried towards land. Eventually condensation takes place and it rains. Because of this behavior, regions where prevailing winds pass over water before reaching land have higher amounts of precipitation as compared to regions that are deprived of such winds. Prevailing winds also can have an impact on the temperature of a zone. For example, Because, winds coming from the north pole tend to be cold and dry, the regions the wind passes over may also become colder and drier.
18. Land formation Climates zones can also be affected by land formation. The main aspect of climate that landforms influence is the precipitation. Large formations of land such as mountains affect how air moves over an area. Prevailing winds coming in from oceans usually contain a lot of moisture. Now as the air is forced up the windward side of a mountain, the air cools and condenses causing precipitation. Because all the moisture is lost on the windward side of the mountain, the leeward side receives no precipitation. This process is called the rain shadow effect. The presence of such land formation can cause some areas of a zone to receive more precipitation than others.
19. Altitude Another key factor that contributes in shaping the climate of a region is altitude. The higher the altitude of a region the lower the temperature, and vice versa. At high altitudes the atmospheric pressure is lower because there is less air above pushing down. In other words air expands and cools down as it rises from lower altitudes to higher altitudes. Climate zones that are at high altitudes are usually really cold. For instance, in Northern Arizona, Flagstaff is nearly at 7000 feet above sea level. This altitude is one of the reasons that cause the temperature of the area to drop below thirty degrees ferinheight.
20. Balance of energy on earth Almost all of the energy that the earth receives comes from the sun. This energy reaches the earth in different forms of radiation and is absorbed by different parts of the earth. For instance, half of the solar energy is absorbed by land and oceans while the rest is either reflected off or absorbed by the atmosphere. However, with this constant supply of energy, why has the earth not become like the inside of an oven? This can be explained by the earth behavior of releasing it’s own radiation. As energy from the sun is absorbed, the earth’s surface gains thermal energy and its temperature rises. The earth’s surface then emits low energy radiations back out. This way the average temperature remains relatively constant.
21. Bibliography Smith, S. E. "What Is a Climate Zone?“ wiseGEEK. Web. 28 Dec. 2010. <http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-climate-zone.htm>. Carr, Christine Adam. "Earth's Climate System and Natural Change." SCIENCE PERSPECTIVES 10. 2010. Web. Strahler, Arthur N., Strahler, Arthur H., Elements of Physical Geography. John Wiley & Sons, 1984. What Is Climate?" Exploring Earth. Web. 9 Jan. 2011. <http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/investigations/es2101/es2101page01.cfm>.