This is presentation by Keysight technologies on 5G NR Dynamic Spectrum Sharing. Very well articulated presentation as always by Keysight. Details on the 3GPP support for NR DSS implementation in LTE bands in Rel 15 and Rel 16.
This is presentation by Keysight technologies on 5G NR Dynamic Spectrum Sharing. Very well articulated presentation as always by Keysight. Details on the 3GPP support for NR DSS implementation in LTE bands in Rel 15 and Rel 16.
GSM is the globel system of organation . It consists of
M.S,BSC MSC ,OMC,FIXED Phone.Mobile station is carried by
the subscriber.and base station subsystem control the radio
link with mobile station . The main part of system is
mobile switching center perform switching of calls between
the mobile and fixed or mobile network use. and operational
and maintainence center oversees the proper operation and
set up of the network. The MS and BSC communicate across
the um link or air interface and BSC&MSC communicate across
A interface.
Call Setup Success Rate Definition and Troubleshooting Assim Mubder
The CSSR indicates the probability of successful calls initiated by the MS. The CSSR is an important KPI for evaluating the network performance. If this KPI is too low, the subscribers are not likely to make calls successfully. The user experience is thus affected.
LTE specifications support the use of multiple antennas at both transmitter (tx) and receiver (rx). MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple
Output) uses this antenna configuration.
LTE specifications support up to 4 antennas at the tx side and up to 4 antennas at the rx side (here referred to as 4x4 MIMO
configuration).
In the first release of LTE it is likely that the UE only has 1 tx antenna, even if it uses 2 rx antennas. This leads to that so called
Single User MIMO (SU-MIMO) will be supported only in DL (and maximum 2x2 configuration).
Introduction to basics of wireless networks such as
• Radio waves & wireless signal encoding techniques
• Wireless networking issues & constraints
• Wireless internetworking devices
LTE Basic Parameters, Data Rates, Duplexing & Accessing, Modulation, Coding & MIMO, Explanation of different nodes and Advantage & Disadvantages of different nodes.
It is a handbook of UMTS/LTE/EPC CSFB call flows.
This document is originally edited by Justin MA and it is free to share to everyone who are interested.
All reference/resource are from internet. If there is any copy-right issue, please kindly inform Justin by majachang@gmail.com.
Thanks for your reading!
GSM is the globel system of organation . It consists of
M.S,BSC MSC ,OMC,FIXED Phone.Mobile station is carried by
the subscriber.and base station subsystem control the radio
link with mobile station . The main part of system is
mobile switching center perform switching of calls between
the mobile and fixed or mobile network use. and operational
and maintainence center oversees the proper operation and
set up of the network. The MS and BSC communicate across
the um link or air interface and BSC&MSC communicate across
A interface.
Call Setup Success Rate Definition and Troubleshooting Assim Mubder
The CSSR indicates the probability of successful calls initiated by the MS. The CSSR is an important KPI for evaluating the network performance. If this KPI is too low, the subscribers are not likely to make calls successfully. The user experience is thus affected.
LTE specifications support the use of multiple antennas at both transmitter (tx) and receiver (rx). MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple
Output) uses this antenna configuration.
LTE specifications support up to 4 antennas at the tx side and up to 4 antennas at the rx side (here referred to as 4x4 MIMO
configuration).
In the first release of LTE it is likely that the UE only has 1 tx antenna, even if it uses 2 rx antennas. This leads to that so called
Single User MIMO (SU-MIMO) will be supported only in DL (and maximum 2x2 configuration).
Introduction to basics of wireless networks such as
• Radio waves & wireless signal encoding techniques
• Wireless networking issues & constraints
• Wireless internetworking devices
LTE Basic Parameters, Data Rates, Duplexing & Accessing, Modulation, Coding & MIMO, Explanation of different nodes and Advantage & Disadvantages of different nodes.
It is a handbook of UMTS/LTE/EPC CSFB call flows.
This document is originally edited by Justin MA and it is free to share to everyone who are interested.
All reference/resource are from internet. If there is any copy-right issue, please kindly inform Justin by majachang@gmail.com.
Thanks for your reading!
This presentation discusses about the WCDMA air Interface used in 3G i.e. UMTS. This Radio Interface has great capability on which Third Generation of Mobile Communication is built, with backward compatibility.
2009 Security Mega Trends & Emerging ThreatsLumension
To help define what the biggest security threats will be to an organization’s sensitive and confidential data over the next 12 to 24 months, Lumension has teamed up with the Ponemon Institute, a leading research firm, to charter our first annual 2009 Security Mega Trends Survey. The survey also outlines key alignments and gaps between two traditionally disparate groups - IT Security and IT Operations when it comes to these new and emerging threats.
This was a presentation I did on PLONS "Physical Layer Optical Network Security" for the Central New York ISSA Chapter which was derived from my Masters Thesis
4G-Fourth Generation Mobile Communication SystemSafaet Hossain
Seminar on "4G-Fourth Generation Mobile Communication System" at UODA Auditorium, November 16,2013.
Technical Presented by: Ahmedul Quadir, Function Tester, Ericcson, Sweeden
REALIZATION OF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER ARCHITECTURE FOR DOWNLINK CHANNELS IN...VLSICS Design
Long Term Evolution (LTE), the next generation of radio technologies designed to increase the capacity and speed of mobile networks. The future communication systems require much higher peak rate for the air interface but very short processing delay. This paper mainly focuses on to improve the processing speed and capability and decrease the processing delay of the downlink channels using the parallel processing technique. This paper proposes Parallel Processing Architecture for both transmitter and receiver for Downlink channels in 3GPP-LTE. The Processing steps include Scrambling, Modulation, Layer mapping, Precoding and Mapping to the REs in transmitter side. Similarly demapping from the REs, Decoding and Detection, Delayer mapping and Descrambling in Receiver side. Simulation is performed by using modelsim and Implementation is achieved using Plan Ahead tool and virtex 5 FPGA.Implemented results are discussed in terms of RTL design, FPGA editor, power estimation and resource estimation.
Implementation of Pipelined Architecture for Physical Downlink Channels of 3G...josephjonse
LTE (Long Term Evolution) is a high data rate, low latency and packet optimized radio access technology designed to support roaming Internet access via cell phones and handheld devices in 3G and 4G networks. This paper mainly focuses on to improve the processing speed and decrease the maximum delay of the downlink channels using the pipelined buffer controlled technique. This paper proposes Pipelined buffer controlled Architecture for both transmitter and receiver for Physical Downlink channels of 3GPP-LTE. The transmitter architecture comprises Bit Scrambling, Modulation mapping, Layer mapping, Precoding and Resource element mapping modules. The receiver architecture comprises Demapping from resource elements, Decoding, Comparing and Detection, Delayer mapping and Descrambling modules as described in LTE specifications. In addition to these, buffers are included in both transmitter and receiver architectures. Modelsim is used for simulation, synthesis and implementation are achieved using PlanAhead13.2 tool on Virtex-5, xc5vlx50tff1136-1 device board is used. Implemented results are discussed in terms of RTL design, FPGA editor, Power estimation and Resource estimation.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. WCDMA Physical Layer Design A. Chockalingam Assistant Professor Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12 [email_address] http://ece.iisc.ernet.in/~achockal
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3. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore 2G to 3G Evolution IS-95A IS-95B cdma2000 IMT2000 IMT2000: ITU’s Standardization Effort towards 3G (IMT-2000 previously termed as FPLMTS) UMTS: European Effort (Specified by 3G Partnership Project 3GPP) GSM GPRS WCDMA EDGE D A T A I S 9 9
4. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore UMTS NW Model USIM Mobile Equipment Access Network Serving Network PS/CS Transit Network Cu Uu Iu Yu User Equipment Access Network Core Network Infrastructure Home Network Access Stratum (Protocols between UE and Access NW) Non-access Stratum (Protocols between UE and Core NW) Zu Stratum: Refers to a way of grouping protocols handling activities
5. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore UMTS NW Architecture Node B UE UE UE Node B Node B Node B RNC RNC UTRAN RNS RNS CN CN (CS Domain) CN (PS Domain) SGSN GGSN Registers HLR/AuC/EIR (Home Network) 3G MSC / VLR 3G GMSC Uu Iu Iur Iub
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8. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore Radio Interface Protocol Model PHY MAC RLC Transport Channels Logical Channels User Plane Radio Bearers Signalling Radio Bearers PDCP BMC RRC USER PLANE CONTROL PLANE Control L1 (Radio Physical Layer) L2 (Radio Link Layer) L3 (Radio Network Layer) U-Plane Radio Bearers
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14. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore I, Q Spreading for DPDCH, DPCCH DPDCH-1 DPDCH-3 C d,1 C d,3 B d B d I DPDCH-2 DPCCH-2 C d,2 C c B c B d Q I+jQ S dpch,n C c, C d,n: Channelization codes Sdpch,n: Scrambling code B d, B c: Gain factors Up to 6 DPDCHs in parallel j
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21. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore Random Access UE BS PRACH: Preamble sent (initial access) No detection on AICH PRACH: Preamble sent (initial access) AICH: Preamble sent detected PRACH: Random Access Info sent
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26. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore Transport Formats / Configurations TTI TTI TTI TTI TTI TTI TB DCH1 DCH2 TB TB TB TB TB TB Transport Block Set (TBS) TB TB Transport Format (TF) Transport Format Set (TFS) Transport Format Combination (TFC) Transport Format Combination Set (TFCS)
27. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore TFI and TFCI (Transmitter) Transport Chl 1 Transport Chl 2 Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block TFI TFI TFCI Coding and Multiplexing Physical Layer Higher Layer DPCCH (Q-Chl) DPDCH (I-Chl) Physical Control Chl Physical Data Chl E.g: Two transport channels mapped to a single physical channel This dotted line represents the Iur interface in case of NW side
28. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore TFI and TFCI (Receiver) Transport Chl 1 Transport Chl 2 Transport Block & EI Transport Block & EI Transport Block & EI Transport Block & EI TFI TFI TFCI Decode Decoding and Demultiplexing Physical Layer Higher Layer DPCCH (Q-Chl) DPDCH (I-Chl) EI: Error Indication Physical Control Chl Physical Data Chl
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34. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore Multiplexing & Channel Coding (U/L) CRC Attachment TrBk Concatenation/ Code Block Segmentation Channel Coding Radio Frame Equalization 1st Interleaving Radio Frame Segmentation Rate Matching CCTrCH CRC Attachment TrBk Concatenation/ Code Block Segmentation Channel Coding Radio Frame Equalization 1st Interleaving Radio Frame Segmentation Rate Matching TrCH-2 TrCH Multiplexing Physical Channel Segmentation 2nd interleaving TrCH-1 Physical Channel Mapping PhCH#2 PhCH#1
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52. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore D/L Spreading DL Physical Channel data C d,SF,m Serial to Parallel Conv. I Q I+jQ S dl,n j Channelisation code: - Differentiate users in a cell - OVSF - UTRAN assigns channelisation codes to diff. phy. chls Scrambling Code: Differentiate cells
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54. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore Multiplexing & Channel Coding (D/L) CRC Attachment TrBk Concatenation/ Code Block Segmentation Channel Coding Rate Matching 1st Insertion of DTX Indication 1st Interleaving Radio Frame Segmentation CCTrCH CRC Attachment TrBk Concatenation/ Code Block Segmentation Channel Coding Rate Matching 1st Insertion of DTX Indication 1st Interleaving Radio Frame Segmentation TrCH-2 TrCH Multiplexing Physical Channel Segmentation 2nd interleaving TrCH-1 Physical Channel Mapping PhCH#2 PhCH#1 2nd Insertion of DTX Indication
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57. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore WCDMA Physical Channels P-CCPCH S-CCPCH DPDCH DPCCH PDSCH PCPCH PRACH BS UE AICH P-SCH S-SCH CSICH CPICH PICH CD/CA-ICH
58. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore Channel Mapping on the U/L CCCH DTCH DCCH RACH DCH CPCH PRACH DPDCH DPCCH PCPCH Logical Channels Transport Channels Physical Channels
59. Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore Channel Mapping on the D/L BCCH PCCH CTCH CCCH DCCH DTCH BCH PCH FACH DCH DSCH P-CCPCH S-CCPCH DPDCH DPCCH PDSCH Logical Channels Transport Channels Physical Channels
![WCDMA Physical Layer Design A. Chockalingam Assistant Professor Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12 [email_address] http://ece.iisc.ernet.in/~achockal](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/wcdmaphysicallayer-111120031701-phpapp02/85/Wcdma-physical-layer-1-320.jpg)
![Dr. A. Chockalingam Dept of ECE, IISc, Bangalore Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)