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Water Resource Issues in
             Delaware
•   Topic of
    Masters
    thesis

•   June 2002-
    May 2004

•   IPA, WRA,
    DNREC
                     Aquifer
Aquifers=Groundwater
•   Groundwater and
    surface water are a
    single source

•   One is connected to
    the other

•   Anything that impacts
    one, impacts the other
                             Groundwater entering the pond
•   Potomac and Columbia         creates these polynya
    Aquifers

•   SAS taps the Potomac
    Aquifer
Potomac
 Aquifer
Columbia
 Aquifer
Suburbanization
•
 Role of State Route 1

•
 Removal of natural vegetation
   runoff, infiltration, nitrate levels in
   water

•
 Impervious cover : footprint of
   homes, roads/driveways, shopping
   centers: infiltration

•
 Subdivisions: water consumption—
   pools, golf courses, Anderson Homes
   “Designed to make a statement”

•
 We see a net movement of water out
   of a watershed
Agriculture
•
 Poultry: 200 million chickens/
   year in DE. Drink water,
   Produce nitrate-rich manure:
   polluting surface and ground
   water

•
 Farming: acreage farmed
   increase in irrigation (plus
   competition with
   subdivisions)

•
 Food Processing: washing
   and packaging of above .
Industry
•
 Spills and storage of toxic chemicals
   (chemical industry/petroleum industry)

•
 Metachem LLC: Superfund site,
   chlorobenzene spill 1986, $100 million
   cleanup, largely un-remediated.(DNREC/
   EPA in charge of site)

•
 Local contamination of air, soil, and ground
   water (Columbia Aquifer); potential
   contamination of the Potomac Aquifer.
Privatization of Water Service
    and Wastewater Treatment
•
 Corporations= sales, profits, shareholders,
   commodities

•
 Can this be a model for wise management/
   conservation of a scarce resource?

•
 Artesian, DE’s largest private water provider

•
 Provides infrastructure and water delivery to
   New Castle County

•
 Provides wastewater treatment (2X the
   expense of above)

•
 The State regulates price (rate)
Saltwater
Intrusion
•
 Particular problem
   potentially to coastal areas of
   DE as population increases

•
 As ground water is removed,
   seawater enters coastal
   aquifers contaminating them

•
 Cape May, NJ and their
   Cohansey Aquifer had this
   happen

•
 Above must rely on
   expensive desalination
   process for drinking water
   now
Subsidence

•
 Removal of large amounts of ground water
   compacts aquitards formations containing
   water)

•
 Compacted aquitards do not recharge fully

•
 Land lowers (sinks) i.e. Dover, DE and
   Bowers Beach, DE

•
 More vulnerable to flood, tidal surge

•
 Damage to infrastructure: bridges, roads,
   piping, buildings.

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Water Resources in Delaware

  • 1. Water Resource Issues in Delaware • Topic of Masters thesis • June 2002- May 2004 • IPA, WRA, DNREC Aquifer
  • 2. Aquifers=Groundwater • Groundwater and surface water are a single source • One is connected to the other • Anything that impacts one, impacts the other Groundwater entering the pond • Potomac and Columbia creates these polynya Aquifers • SAS taps the Potomac Aquifer
  • 5. Suburbanization • Role of State Route 1 • Removal of natural vegetation runoff, infiltration, nitrate levels in water • Impervious cover : footprint of homes, roads/driveways, shopping centers: infiltration • Subdivisions: water consumption— pools, golf courses, Anderson Homes “Designed to make a statement” • We see a net movement of water out of a watershed
  • 6. Agriculture • Poultry: 200 million chickens/ year in DE. Drink water, Produce nitrate-rich manure: polluting surface and ground water • Farming: acreage farmed increase in irrigation (plus competition with subdivisions) • Food Processing: washing and packaging of above .
  • 7. Industry • Spills and storage of toxic chemicals (chemical industry/petroleum industry) • Metachem LLC: Superfund site, chlorobenzene spill 1986, $100 million cleanup, largely un-remediated.(DNREC/ EPA in charge of site) • Local contamination of air, soil, and ground water (Columbia Aquifer); potential contamination of the Potomac Aquifer.
  • 8. Privatization of Water Service and Wastewater Treatment • Corporations= sales, profits, shareholders, commodities • Can this be a model for wise management/ conservation of a scarce resource? • Artesian, DE’s largest private water provider • Provides infrastructure and water delivery to New Castle County • Provides wastewater treatment (2X the expense of above) • The State regulates price (rate)
  • 9. Saltwater Intrusion • Particular problem potentially to coastal areas of DE as population increases • As ground water is removed, seawater enters coastal aquifers contaminating them • Cape May, NJ and their Cohansey Aquifer had this happen • Above must rely on expensive desalination process for drinking water now
  • 10. Subsidence • Removal of large amounts of ground water compacts aquitards formations containing water) • Compacted aquitards do not recharge fully • Land lowers (sinks) i.e. Dover, DE and Bowers Beach, DE • More vulnerable to flood, tidal surge • Damage to infrastructure: bridges, roads, piping, buildings.

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