Population Ecology
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Populations are influenced by births, deaths, immigration and emigration. Most populations cluster in patches where resources are abundant and protection is better. A population's age structure, carrying capacity, and growth patterns (exponential vs logistic) determine its characteristics over time. Environmental factors like weather, food availability, disease and predation influence population limits. Predator-prey relationships also impact growth through bottom-up or top-down control. Reproductive strategies range from R-selected, with early breeding and many offspring, to K-selected with later breeding and fewer offspring receiving parental care.
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The document discusses several key concepts in population biology including:
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2) Models for describing population growth patterns including exponential, logistic, r-selected and K-selected species.
3) Factors that regulate population growth including density-dependent and density-independent factors as well as abiotic and biotic influences.
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This document discusses conservation of plants and animals. It provides information on why conservation is important, the advantages of animals, products obtained from animals, and causes of animal extinction such as pollution, climate change, deforestation, and more. Key details include that 80% of original forests have been destroyed, extinction rates are 1,000 to 10,000 times higher than normal due to human activities, and the IUCN Red List categorizes species from extinct to lower risk to track conservation status. Threatened categories include critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable species. The document also gives examples of extinct, nearly extinct, and rare animal species.
3B.1 Introduction to Biodiversity
VCE Environmental Science: Unit 3: Biodiversity. Introduction that explains the definitions and reasons to conserve biodiversity on a genetic, species and ecosystem level.
apes_chapter_9_sustaining_biodiversity.pptx
This document provides information about threats to biodiversity and causes of species extinction. It discusses how the passenger pigeon went extinct in the early 1900s due to overhunting. Current extinction rates are estimated to be 100-1000 times higher than background rates. The greatest threats to species are habitat loss, invasive species, human population growth, pollution, climate change, and overexploitation. Species become locally or globally extinct for various reasons, and preserving biodiversity is important for ecological, economic and ethical reasons.
Seahorse presentation
Seahorses are small fish that inhabit shallow coastal waters around the world. There are approximately 47 recognized seahorse species. Seahorses have a unique anatomy where the male becomes pregnant and gives birth to live young. They face threats from habitat loss as well as being captured for the aquarium trade and use in Chinese medicine. Many seahorse species are listed as vulnerable or data deficient by the IUCN Red List and international trade is monitored under CITES to help protect populations.
Behaviour of Zoo Animals
This document discusses animal behavior in zoos. It notes that zoos provide opportunities to study animal behavior more easily than in the wild. Various factors of captivity can influence behavior, such as enclosure size and complexity, food presentation, and social group composition. Some common stereotypical behaviors seen in zoos are pacing, feather-plucking, and surface swimming. Providing environmental enrichment can help reduce abnormal behaviors in around 50% of cases. Comparing zoo animal behavior to wild populations provides a potential benchmark, but differences between captive and wild conditions require caution in interpretation.
Biology - Chp 16 - Evolution Of Populations - Powerpoint
1) The Grants studied Darwin's finches on the Galapagos Islands and found evidence supporting Darwin's theory of natural selection by observing variation in heritable beak traits and how this variation influenced bird survival rates during drought conditions.
2) Speciation of Darwin's finches occurred through geographic isolation of populations on different islands, genetic changes in isolated groups, and reproductive isolation once populations were able to interbreed upon secondary contact.
3) While the Grants did not directly observe the formation of new species, their work provided strong empirical data for natural selection and inspired continued research on evolution in nature.
Threats to biodiversity
Habitat destruction, overexploitation, pollution, invasive species, and human overpopulation are major threats to biodiversity. Habitat loss is a key driver of extinction, especially the conversion of land to human uses. Overexploitation through overhunting and overfishing reduces populations unsustainably. Pollution harms ecosystems and coral reefs in particular. Invasive species outcompete native species. Finally, the global human population has more than doubled since 1950 to over 7 billion people, placing unsustainable demands on natural resources. Loss of keystone species can have outsized negative impacts on ecosystems.
Turtle Pres(1)
The researchers radiotracked endangered Blanding's turtles and threatened Ornate Box turtles at Richardson's Wildlife Foundation to locate their nesting sites, track their movements, and collect data to aid conservation efforts. They trapped and fitted females with radio transmitters to track their nesting behaviors and habitat use, finding nesting sites for 3 Blanding's turtles and 1 Ornate Box turtle. Both species are threatened by habitat loss and face high predation risks when crossing areas to nest. The research aims to help protect and manage habitat for these at-risk turtle species in the Midwest.
Similar to Population Ecology (20)
Evolution, biodiversity, and population ecology by Kiersten Lippmann
Evolution, biodiversity, and population ecology by Kiersten Lippmann
Biology - Chp 16 - Evolution Of Populations - Powerpoint
Biology - Chp 16 - Evolution Of Populations - Powerpoint
More from bill_wallace
Sustainability & Environmental Problems
The document discusses several environmental problems facing the world today such as climate change, overpopulation, overconsumption of resources, and habitat destruction. It also examines the principles of sustainability, including reliance on solar energy, biodiversity, population control, and nutrient cycling. Additionally, it questions whether humanity is living sustainably and if technology can solve issues related to resources, population growth, and pollution.
ES: Ecosystems, Cod, Fish ID
The document discusses environmental science topics like ecosystems and fish identification. It asks questions about the Sentinel Fishery program in a Canadian province, the European group that first fished for cod in North America and their home country. The document also includes images and questions to identify different fish species.
Human Population Dynamics
The document discusses human population dynamics and provides the following key points:
- The current global population is approximately 6.6 billion and is projected to grow to 9.2 billion by 2050, with much of this growth occurring in India and China.
- There are differing positions on population issues, ranging from concerns about overpopulation and environmental degradation to beliefs that human ingenuity can overcome resource constraints.
- Factors influencing population growth include birth rates, death rates, resource availability, education, urbanization, and government policies. Many countries are now experiencing aging populations with low birth rates.
Advanced Studies in Environmental Science
This course on advanced environmental science involves information and discussion, think-pair-square-share activities, field work, video and readings. Assignments include high-value reading, short papers, oral presentations, quizzes and an exam. Students will learn about global environmental issues and ecology and biodiversity through speakers, field trips and an environmental thesis. The course encourages engagement throughout the year on key topics while allowing students freedom to focus on certain areas.
Fish Species Roster of Noxontown Pond
This document lists fish species found in Noxontown Pond, including Gizzard Shad, White Crappie, White Perch, and Sunfish. It also lists adaptations that allow fish such as osmoregulation between fresh and saltwater, anadromous and catadromous life cycles, gas bladders, and lateral lines.
Ozone Layer Depletion
The document discusses ozone layer depletion caused by CFCs and other chemicals. It provides background on the ozone layer's importance for life on Earth and describes how scientists in the 1970s discovered that CFCs were depleting the ozone layer. The Montreal Protocol of 1987 was successful in phasing out CFCs and other ozone-depleting substances to repair the ozone layer by 2050.
Wetland Ecosystems
The document discusses different types of wetland ecosystems, including marine/saltwater wetlands and freshwater wetlands. It describes key characteristics of different wetland types such as marshes, swamps, and bogs, including dominant vegetation, hydrology, and examples from locations in Delaware and Maine. The document also briefly discusses mangrove forests and questions to consider about the importance of wetlands.
Renewable Energy Technology
The document discusses various renewable energy technologies including solar, wind, biofuels, geothermal, hydroelectric, and hydrogen. It outlines the advantages and disadvantages of each technology, how much they currently contribute to energy production, and barriers to their increased adoption such as high costs, land use requirements, or lack of infrastructure. Improving energy efficiency is also highlighted as having potential to significantly reduce wasted energy.
Non-Renewable Energy
This document discusses different types of non-renewable energy sources including fossil fuels like oil, coal, and natural gas as well as nuclear power. It notes that fossil fuels will be depleted within 50-100 years at current consumption rates. It also discusses the environmental impacts of burning fossil fuels and extracting oil. The document provides an overview of how nuclear power plants work and some of the challenges facing the nuclear industry.
Birds of Noxontown Pond
The document discusses different types of birds found at Noxontown Pond, grouping them into categories such as airborne birds including kingfishers, bald eagles, and ospreys, waiting waders like common terns, night herons, egrets, blue herons, and bitterns, patient probers including ibises and sandpipers, and deadly divers such as buffleheads, cormorants, and mergansers.
Human Population
The document discusses human population dynamics and provides the following key points:
- The current global population is approximately 6.6 billion and is projected to grow to 9.2 billion by 2050, with much of this growth occurring in India and China.
- There are differing positions on population issues, ranging from concerns about overpopulation and environmental degradation to beliefs that human ingenuity can overcome resource constraints.
- Factors influencing population growth include birth rates, death rates, resource availability, economic conditions, women's education and employment, and government policies. Countries like India and China face unique challenges in managing their large populations.
Water Resources in Delaware
This document summarizes several key water resource issues facing the state of Delaware, including suburbanization increasing impervious surfaces and water consumption, agricultural runoff of nitrates from poultry and other farming, industrial pollution from chemical spills, the privatization of water services, the risks of saltwater intrusion and land subsidence from over-pumping of aquifers. It discusses these issues in the context of the Potomac and Columbia aquifers that supply much of the state's groundwater.
Teaching
The document discusses how to format different elements in a document such as pictures, text, tables and graphs. It asks questions about how to import pictures, format text, hide pictures until needed, and insert tables and graphs. The document is a demonstration of incorporating various media elements.
Endangered Species
The document discusses several key points about endangered species:
1) Aldo Leopold argued that if the land mechanism as a whole is good, then every part of it is good, whether we understand it or not, and we should aim for harmony with the land.
2) Endangered species are so few that they could become extinct, while threatened species are likely to become endangered due to declining numbers. Many experts believe 1/3 of plant and animal species in the US are threatened.
3) The current rate of extinction is estimated to be 1,000-10,000 times greater than before humans due to factors like habitat loss and climate change.
Marine Mammals 1
This document discusses biodiversity and endangered marine mammal species. It covers topics such as the definition of endangered species, leading causes of extinction like habitat loss and pollution, case studies on marine mammals, threats they face in different regions, and laws protecting them such as the Marine Mammal Protection Act. It also suggests ways for students to get involved in conservation efforts.
Aquatic Ecosystems - Land Use Changes
The document discusses land use changes and their impact on water quality in aquatic ecosystems. It focuses on a study conducted at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire, where researchers examined different land uses including clear cuts, deciduous forests, and developments. The study also looked at areas in Middletown, Delaware and how housing and commercial developments affected nearby water bodies like Wiggins Mill Pond and Noxontown Pond.
Fish Quiz
This short document poses a series of questions about identity, asking "What's my name?", "Who am I?", and "Remember me?" twice, concluding with "The grand finale".
Ecosystems
The document discusses key concepts in ecosystems and sustainability including reliance on solar energy, biodiversity, population control, and nutrient cycling. It provides statistics on the distribution of species, describing that insects make up 53% of species. It also outlines the structure of communities including producers, consumers, and decomposers. Finally, it discusses important biogeochemical cycles like nitrogen and phosphorus cycling and how human activities can impact these cycles.
Cod
Cod by Mark Kurlansky is a book about Atlantic Cod and its cultural and economic impact. It discusses how cod was a driving force for European exploration and colonialism and became one of the early global commodities due to its abundance and role as a major food source. The book focuses on cod fishing in Newfoundland and how overfishing led to the collapse of the cod fishery in the 1990s.
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Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI models
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HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
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20240609 QFM020 Irresponsible AI Reading List May 2024
Everything I found interesting about the irresponsible use of machine intelligence in May 2024
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“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
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National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdf
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
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Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
“Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” a Presentation...
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Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
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* Step-by-step implementation guide
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Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy Survey
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
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At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1
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HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
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“Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” a Presentation...
“Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” a Presentation...
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdf
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Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1
Population Ecology
- 1. Zebra Population Ecology Flamingos Yellow Fusiliers
- 2. Populations increase or decrease based on four variables... • Births • Immigration Black Wildebeest • Deaths • Emigration Leatherback Turtle
- 3. Most populations are distributed in ‘clumps’ • Advantages • Resources tend to be found in patches • There is better protection • Better chances for a meal (lions, wolves) Cape buffalo being pursued by lions in Botswana • Mating and care of young
- 4. Characteristics of a population... • Age Structure • Pre- reproductive • Reproductive • Post- reproductive Fifi and her kin
- 5. Limits on a population... • Carrying Capacity is determined by... • Environmental Resistance: disease, food, water, weather, predation • Biotic Potential: intrinsic rate of growth
- 6. Exponential and Logistic Growth • Exponential Growth or the J-shaped curve • no limits to reproduction or resources • Logistic Growth or the S- shaped curve • Environmental resistance brings population within carrying capacity
- 7. Tapeworm Specific Examples of Environmental Resistance • Density Dependent Factors • food, disease, predators, parasites • Density Independent Factors • weather, natural disasters, habitat loss, pollution Deforestation in The Philippines
- 8. Predator-Prey Relationships • Bottom-Up Control • Snowshoe Hare and Lynx in Canada • Natural fluctuation in prey population Lynx regulates the predator • Top-Down Control • Wolf and Elk relationship in Yellowstone Snowshoe Hare
- 9. Reproductive Patterns and Survival Strategies • R-selected species • early sexual maturity/early reproduction • lots of young/high mortality of young • minimal care of young • high growth rate/ Locust Swarm in Mauritania low life expectancy
- 10. More Survival Strategies... • K-selected species • late sexual maturity late reproduction • low birthrate/low mortality of young Humpback female • parental care of young and calf • low population growth rate
- 11. A Few Final Words... • K-selected species • prefer mature, stable ecosystems • comprise the majority Philippine Eagle of Endangered Species • R-selected species • excellent at colonizing ‘disturbed’ ecosystems
Editor's Notes
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