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Water Conservation

BY:ZHI CHENER ,Eden Ng Jing Wen
        Lee Zi Yi,Joey Tan
What is Water Conservation
• Water conservation is any
             in water loss, use or waste as well as
  the                                and a
  reduction in water use accomplished by
  implementation of water conservation or
  water efficiency measures or
  improved water management practices that
  reduce or enhance the beneficial use of water.
Water management
• Water management is the activity of
  planning, developing, distributing and
  managing the optimum use of water
  resources. In an ideal world, water
  management planning has regard to all the
  competing demands for water and seeks to
  allocate water on an equitable basis to satisfy
  all uses and demands.
How to manage water
• Water is an essential resource for all life on the
  planet. Of the water resources on Earth only
  three per cent of it is not salty and two-thirds of
  the freshwater is locked up in ice caps and
  glaciers. Of the remaining one per cent, a fifth is
  in remote, inaccessible areas and much seasonal
  rainfall in monsoonal deluges and floods cannot
  easily be used. At present only about 0.08 per
  cent of all the world’s fresh water . is exploited by
  mankind in ever increasing demand
  for sanitation, drinking, manufacturing, leisure
  and agriculture
Water management in Singapore

• Singapore has increasingly been looked upon
  by the international community as a role
  model for water management
• The Four National Taps refer to water from
  four different sources of water: water from
  local catchment areas, imported water,
  recycled water (branded as NEWater) and
  desalinated water.
NEWater
• Introduced in 2003, NEWater marked a new
  era in Singapore’s water history. Produced
  using state-of-the-art membrane technologies
  involving microfiltration, reverse osmosis and
  ultraviolet disinfection, the result is an ultra-
  clean product that has been vetted by more
  than 30,000 scientific tests, surpassing even
  the World Health Organisation standards for
  drinking water
NEWater in our life
Use of the NEWater
• NEWater is primarily supplied to wafer
  fabrication, electronics and power generation
  industries for process use as well as commercial
  and institutional complexes for air-con cooling
  purposes.
  A small amount of NEWater is also put through a
  "naturalization" process in the
  raw water reservoirs before processing it in
  waterworks for potable use.
Imported water in Singapore
• Singapore has relied on importation from
  Johor state in Malaysia to supply half of its
  water consumption.
These are the
pipelines to import
water from other
countries
Local catchment water
• As a small island that doesn't have natural aquifers and
  lakes and with little land to collect rainwater, Singapore
  needs to maximise whatever it can harvest.
• Currently, Singapore uses two separate systems to
  collect rainwater and used water. Rainwater is collected
  through a comprehensive network of drains, canals,
  rivers and stormwater collection ponds before it is
  channelled to Singapore's 17 reservoirs for storage.
  This makes Singapore one of the few countries in the
  world to harvest urban stormwater on a large scale for
  its water supply.
Water catchment in Singapore
Desalinated water
• Desalination, desalinization, or desalinisation refers
  to any of several processes that remove some
  amount of salt and other minerals from saline
  water. More generally, desalination may also refer to
  the removal of salts and minerals .
  Salt water is desalinated in order to produce fresh
  water that is suitable for human consumption
  or irrigation
Desalination process
Water conservation
Water conservation

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Water conservation

  • 1. Water Conservation BY:ZHI CHENER ,Eden Ng Jing Wen Lee Zi Yi,Joey Tan
  • 2. What is Water Conservation • Water conservation is any in water loss, use or waste as well as the and a reduction in water use accomplished by implementation of water conservation or water efficiency measures or improved water management practices that reduce or enhance the beneficial use of water.
  • 3. Water management • Water management is the activity of planning, developing, distributing and managing the optimum use of water resources. In an ideal world, water management planning has regard to all the competing demands for water and seeks to allocate water on an equitable basis to satisfy all uses and demands.
  • 4. How to manage water • Water is an essential resource for all life on the planet. Of the water resources on Earth only three per cent of it is not salty and two-thirds of the freshwater is locked up in ice caps and glaciers. Of the remaining one per cent, a fifth is in remote, inaccessible areas and much seasonal rainfall in monsoonal deluges and floods cannot easily be used. At present only about 0.08 per cent of all the world’s fresh water . is exploited by mankind in ever increasing demand for sanitation, drinking, manufacturing, leisure and agriculture
  • 5. Water management in Singapore • Singapore has increasingly been looked upon by the international community as a role model for water management • The Four National Taps refer to water from four different sources of water: water from local catchment areas, imported water, recycled water (branded as NEWater) and desalinated water.
  • 6. NEWater • Introduced in 2003, NEWater marked a new era in Singapore’s water history. Produced using state-of-the-art membrane technologies involving microfiltration, reverse osmosis and ultraviolet disinfection, the result is an ultra- clean product that has been vetted by more than 30,000 scientific tests, surpassing even the World Health Organisation standards for drinking water
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  • 12. Use of the NEWater • NEWater is primarily supplied to wafer fabrication, electronics and power generation industries for process use as well as commercial and institutional complexes for air-con cooling purposes. A small amount of NEWater is also put through a "naturalization" process in the raw water reservoirs before processing it in waterworks for potable use.
  • 13. Imported water in Singapore • Singapore has relied on importation from Johor state in Malaysia to supply half of its water consumption.
  • 14. These are the pipelines to import water from other countries
  • 15. Local catchment water • As a small island that doesn't have natural aquifers and lakes and with little land to collect rainwater, Singapore needs to maximise whatever it can harvest. • Currently, Singapore uses two separate systems to collect rainwater and used water. Rainwater is collected through a comprehensive network of drains, canals, rivers and stormwater collection ponds before it is channelled to Singapore's 17 reservoirs for storage. This makes Singapore one of the few countries in the world to harvest urban stormwater on a large scale for its water supply.
  • 16. Water catchment in Singapore
  • 17. Desalinated water • Desalination, desalinization, or desalinisation refers to any of several processes that remove some amount of salt and other minerals from saline water. More generally, desalination may also refer to the removal of salts and minerals . Salt water is desalinated in order to produce fresh water that is suitable for human consumption or irrigation