This document discusses water resources and rainwater harvesting. It covers topics like the sources and divisions of water resources, including surface water, groundwater, desalination, and frozen water. Uses of water resources include agricultural, industrial, and household uses. The document also discusses ways to conserve water, the benefits of rainwater harvesting, and techniques for rainwater harvesting like collection, storage, and recharge of groundwater. Rainwater harvesting provides many benefits like self-sufficiency of water supply and improved groundwater quality.

1. Mechanical department
Class :m11
Semester : I
GUIDED BY :

2.  bhavesh makwana
 Enrollment no: 140500119052
 Mech11

3. topic :Water
Resources

4.  Introduction.
 About Water resources.
 Division of water resources.
 Source of Water resources.
 Uses of Water.

5. This is virtual booklet of water resources is
going to be about how people use water, how we
would have to take care of it and many things
that with this booklet you should learn. Also
with this booklet you should learn how to not
waste the water and enjoy you to practice it to
save this beautiful world.

6. Are sources of water and they
are useful from the humans and
animals.
Water resources is important on
Earth and without it we can’t do
many things or satisfied our needs.
We would have to take care of
the water because in few years
there's not going to be enough
water for us.
Water is a renewable natural
resources also like air and soil.

7.  Fresh water is renewable resources like soil and air.
The worlds is supplied by clean and fresh water and itis decreasing. Water is
one of our most critical resources, but around the world it is under threat.
 Water demand already exceeds supply in many parts of the world and as the
world population continues to rise, so too does the water demand.

8.  Are sources of
water that are
useful to humans.
Uses of water
include
agricultural,
industrial,
household,
recreational and
environmental
activities.
Virtually all of
these human uses
require fresh
water.

9. Division of Water
resources:
Water resources are divisible into two distinct
categories : the surface-water resources and the
ground-water resources. Each of these categories
is a part of the earth's water circulatory system,
called the hydrologic cycle, and is derived from
precipitation, which is rainfall plus snow.

11. Surface water:
Surface water is water in a river, lake or fresh water wetland. Surface
water is naturally replenished by precipitation and naturally lost
through discharge to the oceans, evaporation, and sub-surface
seepage.

12. Ground Water:
Sub-surface water, or groundwater, is fresh
water located in the pore space of soil and
rocks. It is also water that is flowing within
aquifers below the water table.
Desalination:
Desalination is an artificial process by which
saline water (generally sea water) is converted
to fresh water.

13. Frozen Water:
Several schemes have been proposed to make
use of icebergs as a water source, however to
date this has only been done for novelty
purposes. Glacier runoff is considered to be
surface water.

14.  Agricultural: It is estimated
that 69% of worldwide water use
is for irrigation, with 15-35% of
irrigation withdrawals being
unsustainable. Aquaculture is a
small but growing agricultural use
of water.
Industrial: It is estimated that
15% of worldwide water use is
industrial. The distribution of
industrial water usage that is
varies widely, but as a whole is
lower than agricultural use.

15. Water
Management Conservation Harvesting
Multi purpouse
River project
Reducing
wastage of
water
Rain water
harvesting

16. • Rain Water Harvesting (RWH)- It is a process of
collecting, conveying & storing water from rainfall in
an area – for beneficial use.
• Storage is done in tanks, reservoirs, underground
storage- groundwater
• It is neither energy-intensive nor labour-intensive

17. • RWH - yield sufficient amounts of water. For an
average rainfall of 1,000mm, approximately four million
litres of rainwater can be collected in a year in an acre
of land (4,047 m2), post-evaporation.
Rain Water Harvesting

18. 1.Provides self-sufficiency to water supply.
2.Reduces the cost for pumping of ground water.
3.Provides high quality water, soft and low in minerals.
4.Improves the quality of ground water through dilution
when recharged.

19.  What you can do to conserve water?
 Use only as much water as you require. Close the
taps well after use. While brushing or other use, do
not leave the tap running, open it only when you
require it. See that there are no leaking taps.
 Use a washing machine that does not consume too
much water. Do not leave the taps running while
washing dishes and clothes.

20.  Install small shower heads to reduce the flow of the
water. Water in which the vegetables & fruits have been
washed - use to water the flowers & plants.
 At the end of the day if you have water left in your water
bottle do not throw it away, pour it over some plants.
 Re-use water as much as possible
 Change in attitude & habits for water
conservation
 Every drop counts!!!

21. 5. Reduces soil erosion & flooding in urban areas.
6.The rooftop rain water harvesting is less expensive &
easy to construct, operate and maintain.
7. In desert, RWH is the only relief.
8. In saline or coastal areas & Islands, rain water provides
good quality water.