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1. Water: A Precious Resource
Name: Mohammed Ashfan Ahmed Mallick
Class: VII
Section: A
Subject Teacher: Anita Singh

2. Our Natural Resources
Plants use CO2 from the air, water and
minerals from the soil, and sunlight to perform
photosynthesis.
Animals and humans need oxygen, water and food to survive, they
get food from plants and other animals, water from water bodies
like rivers, ponds, and oxygen from the air.

3. Natural Resources And
Types
• Materials found on earth that allow the existence
of life and fulfil needs of living organisms are
called Natural Resources.
• Air, water, soil and minerals are Non-living
Natural Resources.
• Plants and animals are Living Natural Resources.
We get these resources from:
1. Lithosphere – Realm of Land
2. Hydrosphere – Realm of Water
3. Atmosphere – Realm of Air

4. Uses Of Natural Resources
We use materials from rocks
and soil to construct dams,
roads, houses etc.
We use metals like iron,
aluminium, copper, etc. for
constructing buildings and
bridges, making machines,
vehicles, aeroplanes, utensils
and other household items, etc.
We use fossil fuels like coal,
petroleum, and natural gas for
cooking, running machines in
factories, running vehicles,
producing electricity, etc.
Today, Due To Large Scale Of Developments In Technology
And Science, We Are Using Up Natural Resources Much
More Compared To We Did A Hundred Of Years Ago.

5. Renewable And
Non-Renewable
• Our natural resources are of two types:
Renewable Resources: Resources that will either
never run out, or those that are replaced within a
reasonable period through natural processes.
These resources are further divided into two types:
Inexhaustible And Inexhaustible
• Example: Oxygen And Sunlight, etc.
Non-Renewable Resources: Resources which are
once used up and cannot be replaced with a
reasonable period. These resources are further
divided into two types: Can Be Recycle And Cannot
Be Recycled.
• Example: Fossil Fuels, Topsoil Once Eroded.

6. Inexhaustible
And
Inexhaustible
Renewable
Resources
Exhaustible Resources Inexhaustible Resources
• These are the natural
resources whose
reserves end up after
continuous usage over
a period.
• These are the natural
resources which does
not end, even after
continuous usage over
a period.
• Soil and groundwater
are some examples for
exhaustible resources.
• Sunlight and wind are
some examples for
inexhaustible
resources.

7. Water – A Renewable
Resource
• Water is one of the natural resources, which are found in an adequate
amount. It is an essential source for the existence of life on the planet
earth. It is widely used for various purposes such as drinking, washing,
bathing, cleaning, cooking, irrigation, and other industrial and domestic
uses.
• 71% of the earth consists of water, hence earth is also called as blue
planet.
• Nearly
𝟑
𝟒
of the earth’s surface is covered with water.
• There are various sources of water. About 97% of the water on the
Earth’s surface is covered with water. The three main sources of water
are:
1. Rainwater
2. Groundwater – This includes water bodies like Wells and Springs.
3. Surface Water – This includes different water bodies like sea, oceans,
reservoirs, rivers, streams, ponds, lakes and tanks.

8. Importance of Water
We all need water for different daily activities
including:
• Domestic purposes include bathing, cleaning,
cooking, drinking, and washing.
• Agricultural applications include irrigation,
farming, gardening, and frost control.
• Other Industrial Applications.
Apart from this, we drink water to:
• Stay hydrated
• Regulate the body’s temperature
• Transport nutrients and other waste in the body.
• Balance the loss of water from the digestive tract
and body tissues.

9. Water Shortage
• We hear news of water scarcity of many places.
• The UN {United Nations} has recommended that
a minimum of 50 𝑙 of water should be available
to each of us per day for drinking, cooking,
washing, and cleaning.
• However, millions of people in our country, and
several other countries of the world, don't even
get minimum amount of water.
• They face great hardships in getting whatever
little water they can get.
• In a few years, it is estimated that more than
1
3
𝑟𝑑
of the people in world can face water scarcity.

10. Causes Of Water
Scarcity
• We face water shortage mainly because water is not
evenly distributed by the nature on the earth.
• Some places such as North-East India get so much
water that there are floods almost every year.
• Other places like Thar Desert in Rajasthan may not get
rain for years, and suffer from drought.
• And much of the water available to us is not in a
usable form.

11. Water Availability In Earth
Water Availability
Seas And Oceans Freshwater
0.6% is available in the
form of liquid state.
2% of fresh water is frozen
and is found in glaciers and
polar ice caps.
0.59% is
available as
groundwater.
0.01% is
available as
freshwater on
earth’s surface

12. The Water Cycle
• The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle or
the hydrological cycle, describes the continuous movement
of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth.
• It follows many complex processes:
• Evaporation: The process of turning from liquid into
vapour.
• Condensation: The process where water vapor becomes
liquid.
• Precipitation: All liquid and solid water particles
that fall from clouds and reach the ground. These particles
include drizzle, rain, snow, snow pellets, ice crystals,
and hail.
• Infiltration Or Collection: Water soaks into the soil from
the ground level.
These processes continues again and again.

13. Groundwater
• Groundwater is the water present
underground or beneath the Earth’s surface
in soil spaces and rock formations.
• Water Table – The water table is the upper
surface of the ground filled with water.
• Infiltration – The process of seeping of water
from the surface of soil into the ground is
called infiltration.
• Aquifer – The places, in which groundwater
is stored between the layers of rock below
the water table.

14. Depletion Of Groundwater
• Rise In Population: We pump the water more quickly than it can renew itself, leading to a
dangerous shortage in the groundwater supply. As a growing world with a population that
continues to rise, the more we pump water from the ground at a rapid rate, the more difficult it is
for the groundwater to provide us with the amount of water that we need.
• Increase In Agriculture: Agricultural needs require a large amount of groundwater. It’s frightening
to think that there isn’t very much groundwater left when you consider how much water we use
daily to support our population of billions and our personal lifestyles. A large amount of
groundwater goes to farming, but the availability of groundwater is steadily declining.
• Increase In Industries: Almost all industries use water. As several industries increases, so does the
consumption of water. Most of this water is drawn from groundwater.
• Deforestation: Deforestation can be defined as the large-scale removal of trees from forests (or
other lands) for the facilitation of human activities. It is a serious environmental concern since it
can result in the loss of groundwater.,

15. Water Conservation
• Water management is the effective planning, distribution
and use of water resources.
• Some types of water management are as follows:
• Rainwater Harvesting Or Water Harvesting: The process of
collecting rainwater, which recharges the groundwater is
called as rainwater harvesting or water harvesting.
• Drip Irrigation: Drip irrigation is the process of watering the
crops directly to the roots of the plants using narrow pipes.
• Bawris: A traditional way of rainwater storage and
recharge.​​​​​​​