The Civil War was fought between the Northern and Southern states from 1861 to 1865 over the issues of slavery and states' rights. Some key events leading up to the war included the Compromise of 1850, the publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin, the Dred Scott decision, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Lincoln-Douglas debates, John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry, and the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 which caused several Southern states to secede and form the Confederate States of America. The North and South had differing advantages during the war, with the North having more resources and industry while the South fought on their home territory. Major battles and campaigns included Gettysburg, Vicksburg, Sherman's March to

6. War between States
1861-1865

7. Civil War / Events
leading to
NORTH
Vs.
South
1861-1865

8. North= Union // South= Confederacy

9. North= USA // South = CSA
Confederate States of America

11. Compromise of 1850
• Compromise of 1850 temporarily held the
nation together and helped ease
sectionalism.
• What were the parts of the Compromise of
1850????? (308)

12. Compromise of 1850

13. Uncle Tom’s Cabin ( page 312)
• Who wrote it?
• When was it written?
• What was its
message?
• Who were some
characters in the
Novel?

14. • Simon Lagree
• Topsy
• Eva
• Uncle Tom
• George

15. Preston Brooks
of the South
Charles Sumner
Of Mass.

16. Dred Scott v. Sandford
• Scott a slave who
spent time in free
territory: abolitionists
argued that he was
free.
• Supreme Court said
otherwise: African-
Americans not to be
free in the USA

17. Dred Scott decison
Roger Taney
Supreme Court Chief Justice
During Dred Scott Case

18. Kansas Nebraska Act

19. Kansas Nebraska Act
• Proposed by Stephen A. Douglas
• Would make slavery POSSIBLE where it
was formerly illegal under the Missouri
Compromise
• Northerners saw it as an attempt to spread
slavery north of the 36/30 line.
• 90% of southerners voted for the bill..

22. Lincoln- Douglass debates
• Lincoln-
Douglass
debates
• 1858
race for
Illinois
Senate
seat

23. Lincoln Douglass debates
• ON slavery:
• Douglass believed in
popular sovereignty
and did not think it
immoral
• LINCOLN: slavery
was immoral and
should not be allowed
to spread.

24. Stephen A. Douglass
• Wanted to settle
Nebraska Territory
into two states:
Nebraska and Kansas
• Stephen Douglass
proposed that the
people in those areas
decide for themselves
if slavery should be
permitted or not:
• POPULAR
SOVEREIGNTY

25. Douglas VS. Lincoln

26. Lincoln Douglass debates
•Freeport
Doctrine was
Douglass’ belief that
popular sovereignty

27. John Brown
• a fervent abolitionist
• Fought in Bleeding
Kansas
• Conducted 1859 raid at
HARPER’s FERRY, VA.
Federal arsenal.
• Goal of raid was to start
an uprising of slaves in
the South to free slaves
• Raid Failed

28. John Brown
• Brown captured, tried,
convicted, sentenced
to death.
• Many Northerners
viewed Brown as a
hero and Martyr for
the cause of ending
slavery

33. Civil War: Who fought
• Northern States fought against the
Southern States
The North was called the Union / Yankees
The Southerners were called Confederates /
Rebels

34. Civil War: WHY did it happen?
• The issue and
argument over
slavery had been
brewing for some time
between the Northern
and Southern states,
especially from the
time just after the
Mexican War.

35. Bleeding Kansas
• Pro and anti slave settlers flooded into
Kansas in order to sway the vote for or
against slavery.
• Vicious fighting broke out in Kansas from
1852-1858

36. Put in correct Order
• Secession of South Carolina 1860
• John Brown’s Raid
• Lincoln’s Election
• Dred Scott Decision
• Lincoln Douglass Debates
• Kansas Nebraska Act
• Bleeding Kansas
• Compromise of 1850
• Uncle Tom’s Cabin

37. • 1860 Secession of South Carolina
• 1860 Election of 1860
• 1859 John Brown’s Raid
• 1858 Lincoln Douglas Debates
• 1857 Dred Scott Decision
• 1854 Kansas Nebraska Act
– Bleeding Kansas : 1854-1858
• 1852 Uncle Tom’s Cabin
• 1850 Compromise of 1850
• 1846-1848 : War with Mexico

38. Issue of Slavery divides USA
• Compromise of 1820
• War with Mexico
• Compromise of 1850
• Fugitive Slave Act
• Dred Scott Case
• The Liberator
• John Calhoun
• Uncle Tom’s Cabin
• John Brown
• Bleeding Kansas
• Election 1860

39. Anti-slave Newspaper
William Lloyd Garrison

40. Fort Sumter: April 12,
1861

50. Civil War Timeline
• 1861: Fort Sumter / 1st
shots in SC
• 1863: Battle of Gettysburg – Union victory
– (Turning Point Battle)
--Battle of Vicksburg– Union victory
-- Emancipation Proclamation
• 1865: Appomattox surrender:
• Lee Surrenders to Grant
– Lincoln’s Assassination

51. Civil War: 1861-1865
UNION advantages Confederate Advantages

52. FIGHTING THE WAR: Resources
• North
• More Stuff
(resources)
– Guns, iron, navy,
factories, railroads,
food production
• South
• Less Resources but
– $$ from Cotton trade
– Better Generals
– Fighting on their land

53. Wartime Strategies
• North –
* * ANACONDA PLAN
- Naval Blockade of
Southern ports
- Divide CSA in half by
way of Mississippi
River
- Capture CSA capital of
Richmond, Virginia
• South
• ** SURVIVAL

54. General Winfield Scott’s Plan: ANACONDA

55. What were the four border states?
• What four Union States had slavery during
the Civil War?

57. • UNION States • Confederates States

59. Civil War: Personalities
• Union
– Lincoln: President of
Union
–
• Confederacy
– Jefferson Davis:
President of CSA

60. Union Commanders
• McClellan = wimp
Had the “Slows” to attack
and defeat Rebels
• Grant = Lincoln’s
fighting General

61. Confederate Commander
• Robert E. Lee
• CSA military
commander
• Respected by all

62. Confederate warriors
Stonewall Jackson Robert E. Lee
Confederate Flag

63. • 1. What new technologies affected the
Civil War?
• 2. How did President Lincoln use trains
and the telegraph to win the war?
• 3. How did the Civil War effect medicine
and funerals?

64. Civil War Technology
1861-1865

65. Rifling

66. Minie Ball

68. Repeating Rifles

69. Railroads and Trains

70. Telegraph

71. Hot Air Balloons

72. Ironclads

73. Submarines

74. Civil War: Weapons
• Iron Clad ships
– Monitor VS. VA (merrimac)
– Union VS Confederate
• Rifle and minie ball

75. Civil War Photos: Matthew Brady

76. USS Monitor

77. Amputated limbs from soldiers

79. • Union soldier Private
Benjamin Franklin of
the Minnesota
Cavalry, who lost all
four limbs to frostbite
(1865).

81. Confederate Submarine

82. Confederate Submarine

83. Rifles and minie balls

84. Civil War Medicine: crude and
ineffective

85. Try Grape SHOT, it works!!

91. • Video link: Draft Riots

92. New York City Draft Riots,
1863: Lincoln shoots protestors

93. Lincoln’s Critics:
• Copperheads: Northerners who
sympathized with the South

95. Lincoln the Tyrant?
• 13,000 jailed by Lincoln during the war
• Anti war newspapers shut down by Lincoln

96. Did Lincoln free the slaves?
• Emancipation
Proclamation
– Freed slaves in
“rebellious areas”
– Did NOT free slaves in
North

97. What did it DO?
• Emancipation
Proclamation:
– No foreign
assistance for
CSA (England,
France)
– Lincoln testing
whether the North
would support a
war to end
slavery….they did.

105. Election of 1864
Democratic Candidate
George McClellan
• PEACE candidate !
Republican Candidate
Abraham Lincoln
• WAR candidate !

106. Election of 1864
Abraham Lincoln
Jefferson
Davis
McClellan

107. Election of 1864
• Lincoln: Keep the war going
• McClellan: consider peace with the South

111. President Abraham Lincoln
"A House Divided" Speech (June 16, 1858)
Lincoln delivered his "House Divided" speech upon accepting the Republican
nomination for Senate in Springfield, Illinois. In this speech he famously states
"A house divided against itself cannot stand" in describing the coming national
conflict over slavery.

112. Gettysburg Address (November 19, 1863)
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new
nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are
created equal.

113. January 1, 1863: Emancipation Proclamation
• ``That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves
within any State or designated part of a State, the people whereof
shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then,
thenceforward, and forever free; and the Executive Government of
the United States, including the military and naval authority thereof,
will recognize and maintain the freedom of such persons, and will do
no act or acts to repress such persons, or any of them, in any efforts
they may make for their actual freedom.

114. • Second Inaugural Address (March 4, 1865)
• With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives
us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation's
wounds; to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow, and his
orphan---to do all which may achieve and cherish a just, and a lasting peace, among
ourselves, and with all nations.

117. Draw Sherman’s March to the Sea

118. Sherman’s March to the Sea

119. Sherman’s March destroyed many
Southern Towns

120. • 600,000 + die in Civil War

121. Lee surrenders to Grant
South surrenders to the N ort
Confederacy surrenders to the Union
Appomattox Courthouse
1865

122. Where is this?

133. The Massacre at Fort Pillow, TN
(April 12, 1864)

134. Nathan Bedford Forrest
Captured Fort Pillow: war
Crimes?
 CONFEDERATE GENERAL……
 262 African-Americans
 295 white Union
soldiers.
 Ordered black soldiers
murdered after they
surrendered! [many
white soldiers killed as
well]
 Became the first Grand
Wizard of the Ku Klux
Klan after the war.

135. Prison Camp
at Andersonville, GA:
Confederates kept Union
Soldiers

136. Original Andersonville Plan
 Planned to hold 10,000 men.
 Had over 32,000 at one time.

137. Distributing “Rations”

138. Union “Survivors”

139. Burying Dead Union POWs

140. Lincoln’s assassin:
John Wilkes Booth

142. Point of View Analysis
• POV:
• From what point of
view was this
created?
• Why? When?
• +
• Who would agree or
disagree
• = POV Analysis

143. Expressing Point of View
• The artist favorably
portrays a
Confederate soldier
going off to battle
during the Civil War.

144. Expressing Point of View
ANALYSIS
• The artist favorably
portrays a
Confederate soldier
going off to battle
during the Civil War.
Ulysses S. Grant
would find this image
disagreeable because
he was the head
Union General in the
Civil War.