A vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measures the magnetic properties of materials by vibrating a sample in a uniform magnetic field and measuring the magnetic moment. It works by vibrating a sample in between sensor coils within an electromagnet, which produces a magnetic field. The sensor coils detect the sample's magnetization and transmit the data to an amplifier, lock-in amplifier, and computer interface. VSMs can characterize the magnetic properties of powders, bulk materials, crystals, and single crystals. They are used to measure magnetic fields and determine the magnetic properties of minerals and ores.

1. Topic: Vibrating sample Magnetometer
Name: M.Qasim
Roll No:
E13-342
Semester: 6th
Dept: Metallurgy & Material Engineering
University Of the Punjab

2. Basic Introduction:
 A vibrating sample
magnetometer or VSM is a
scientific instrument that measures
magnetic properties.
 aim of this presentation is to
introduce this widespread
technique and to characterize
magnetic properties of materials .
 invented in 1955 by Simon Foner
at Lincoln Laboratory MIT.

3. Working principle of VSM

4. How does VSM work

5. Parts of VSM
 water cooled electromagnet and power supply
 vibration exciter and sample holder (with angle indicator)
 sensor coils
 amplifier
 lock in amplifier
 meter
 computer interface
 Sample can be powder , bulk , crystalline or single crystal.

6. Different manufacturer of VSM machine's
 Advance Tech Control
 Lake Shore Cryogenic
 MicroSense

7. VSM
Application
 For Magnetic measurement
 Measurement of magnetic field
 Mineral,ores properties can find
Disadvantages.
 Weight & density
 Self de-magnetization
 Limited field(small sample)

8. Old method in which 20 to 30 heating and cooling cycle are used for magnetization
to check the intensities.
Microwave are used for heating the sample at 650 only for 1 time to check the
properties.
New one method in which 3 axis vibrating sample magnetometer which have a
small oven in between the ten pickup coil along with 3 Helmholtz coil. To produce
the TRM in the sample Detection of magnetization and the properties of paleo and
archeo intensities by pickup coil to provide 11.18 Hz frequency. The generation of
magnetic field id up to 200 µT.
Sample is pure paramagnetic Holmium Oxide ore.
To Find The Paleo and Archeo intensities by
using VSM
Maxime Le Goff*, Yves Gallet
De´partement de Ge´omagne´tisme et Pale´omagne´tisme, UMR CNRS 7577, Institut de Physique
du Globe de Paris, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France

9. Research Article