Visual Theories
Sensory Theories
Perceptual Theories
Similarity
Proximity
Continuity
Closure
Common Fate
Constructionism/Experience
Semiotics
Iconic Sign
Indexical
Sign
Symbolic Sign
Photos: Iconic, Indexical or Symbolic?
Deconstructing Shakira:
Semiotics Case Study
signs are composed of
signifier = image signified = concept
A sign is a symbol, word, sound or image
that represents an idea.
Media are coded with signs.
As viewers, we decode them.
a sign has two parts:
denoted meaning = what the thing is
connoted meaning = what it represents in context
+
=
media are polysemic:
open to many interpretations
because we decode according to our life experience
Shakira denotes:
woman, artist, musician, famous, young
Shakira connotes:
freedom, America, power, attractiveness, sexuality
Types of codes
Technical: Symbolic: Words:
edits objects fonts
angles settings captions
movement body language headlines
framing clothing place cards
colors credits
lighting story
juxtaposition
Syntagm-paradigm
Pocahantas-Avatar
Broken/empty signifiers
"Those who rule the management of symbols,
rule the world."
C. Wright Mills
Symbolic Resources/
Cultural Commons
PUBLIC ENEMY
Reverse colonization: Blue people
invade semiosphere
http://youtu.be/FhbOufut4CE
Belo Monte dam fight
Indonesian activists from the Center for Orangutan Protection
Li Yalong
South Korean Earth Day
Codes:
Chain of Associations
Metonymic Code
Analogig Code
Displaced Code
Condensed Sign
Anchorage: Anchors desired meaning
Relay: Adds something not present in photo
Text and images:
9
4
http://www.thebubbleproject.com/
Click Baiting

Visual Theories: Sensory and Perceptual