Ventilation materials allow air to pass through but prevent water and moisture. Common attic ventilation materials include soffit vents, which allow air into the attic, and ridge or gable vents, which allow air out. An excavator has a bucket attached to an articulating arm and is used to excavate earth and load materials. Horizontal boards called batter boards are used to establish building lines and levels during construction.

2. Material that prevents the passage of air and water, but allows the passage of water vapor.

3. Allows for the passage of air to prevent heat and moisture buildup. Soffit Vent – Allows air to enter attic space. Ridge Vent – Allows air to exit attic space.

4. Gable Vent – Allows air to exit attic space. Roof turbine – Allows air to exit the attic space.

6. An excavator whose bucket is rigidly attached to a hinged pole on the boom and is drawn backward to the machine when in operation. Used to load materials and excavate earth. This particular backhoe has a bucket width of 46 ½ “.

7. Horizontal boards attached level to stakes, used to mark out the boundary of a construction and establish the levels and building line.

8. Roman style arch. Parabolic style arch.

9. Arch with a Keystone

10. Running bond – All courses are stretchers. Common bond – Every sixth course made up of alternating headers and stretchers.

11. Rowlocks Headers

12. Soldiers Sailors

13. Utility brick 3 ½” x 3 ½” x 11 ½” Modular brick 3 ½” x 2 ¼” x 7 ½ “

14. A heavy, driver-operated machine for clearing and grading land, usually having continuous treads and a broad hydraulic blade in front.

15. Brick EIFS

16. Wood boards Stone – Random rubble

17. Wood shingles Shingles have smooth sawn surfaces. Whereas wood shakes are either sawn or hand split for a more rugged appearance.

18. 31.5 “ 33 “ My bedroom open window area – 33” x 31.5” = 7.22 sq. ft. Window sill is 20” AFF. Therefore my bedroom window meets minimum standards for egress. IBC requirements for egress are: 20” minimum width, 24” minimum height and 5.7 sq. ft minimum area.

19. Tread = 10 ¼” Riser = 7 ½” IBC code requires a minimum tread depth of 10” and a maximum riser height of 7 ¾”. Therefore these steps do meet IBC code.

20. A control joint is an intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure. Crack Control joint

21. A concrete masonry unit (CMU) is a large rectangular brick used in construction. Typical dimensions for a CMU block are 8” x 8” x 16”. The height of one CMU block is equal to 3 courses of brick.

22. 12” x 8” x 16” 4” x 8” x 16”

23. Split blocks Ribbed split-face blocks

24. Flush door Panel Stile Top Rail Lock Rail Bottom Rail

25. Service head. This is the point that electricity enters the building. Transformer - an electrical device by which alternating current of one voltage is changed to another voltage.

26. Electrical meter. This allows the utility company to measure the amount of electricity that has been used. Service panel Electrical panel, containing circuit breakers, which is the distribution point for the entering electric service.

27. Duplex receptacle A wall outlet with two receptacles.

28. 1. Anchor bolt 2. Sill plate

29. 3. Floor joist 4. Subflooring

30. 5. Sole plate 6. Stud

31. 7. Top plate 8. Ceiling joist

32. 9. Rafter 10. Roof decking

33. 11. Sheathing 12. Stringer

34. An earthmoving machine with a hydraulic scoop in front for lifting and loading earth or rubble. Differs from a backhoe and bulldozer primarily because it is used to "load" material (asphalt, demolition debris, dirt, feed, gravel, logs, raw minerals, recycled material, rock, sand, wood chips, etc. ...

35. Advantages - Cools rapidly. - Ability to filter air and control humidity. Disadvantages - Inability to operate well at very low temperatures . - Noisy. Compressor/Condenser A compressor provides compression for the system. This compression causes the cooling vapor to heat up. The compressed vapor is then cooled by heat exchange with the outside air.

36. Air handling unit An air handler, or air handling unit, is a device used to condition and circulate air as part of a heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system.

37. Blanket insulation Loose fill A material that reduces or prevents the transmission of heat, sound or electricity.

38. Rigid board Foamed

39. A horizontal structural member, such as a beam or stone, that spans an opening, as between the uprights of a door or window or between two columns or piers.

40. A 7/8” tooled concave mortar joint. This brick wall is on a school building. The mason used type N mortar.

41. A 7/8 “ troweled struck mortar joint. This brick wall is on a school building. The mason used type N mortar.

42. Oriented strand board is an engineered wood product formed by layering strands (flakes) of wood in specific orientations. It is manufactured in wide mats from cross-oriented layers of thin, rectangular wooden strips compressed and bonded together with wax and resin adhesives (95% wood, 5% wax and resin). Oriented strand board has no veneer.

43. Lavatory 1 ½” drain pipe must be used. Water Closet 3” drain pipe must be used.

44. Roof Vent Vent Through Roof The vertical vent pipe installed to provide air circulation to and from the drainage system .

45. Drop in kitchen sink.

46. Plywood is a structural material made of layers of wood glued together, usually with the grains of adjoining layers at right angles to each other. Veneer – A thin layer, sheet or facing.

47. This piece of rebar is ½” in diameter. Therefore it would be referred to as a #4 bar. The deformations on the surface of the rebar allow the concrete to hold onto the bar as stress is places on it.

48. A gutter is a trough fixed under or along the eaves for draining rainwater from a roof. A downspout is a vertical pipe for carrying rainwater down from a roof gutter.

49. A splash block is a plastic or concrete surface put under a downspout to direct water away from the house.

50. Roof underlayment is designed to protect the roof sheathing and structure from moisture penetration. Clay tile roof.

51. A metal panel roof consists of sheets of galvanized or aluminized steel placed over a felt underlayment.

52. Gable roof

53. Hip roof Mansard roof

54. Ridge – The level intersection of roof planes at their highest point. Eave – The level low edge of the roof. Rake – The sloping edge of the roof. Fascia – The exposed vertical surface of an eave.

55. Soffit – The undersurface of a horizontal element of a building, especially the underside of a rood overhang. Valley – The sloping intersection of two roof planes.

56. Random rubble

57. Random ashlar Coursed ashlar

58. Any material used to prevent the passage of water vapor. Place on the warm in winter side of the insulation.

59. A weep hole is a small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building component or assembly.

60. This welded wire fabric was made up of squares 6” long and 6” wide.

61. This is a double hung window because it has two overlapping sashes that slide vertically in tracks.

62. This is an out swinging casement window because it is hinged along one side of the window.