1) Air barrier paper is used to wrap homes and prevent air and water penetration. Attic ventilation includes soffit vents under the eave, gable vents in the attic, ridge vents along the roof top, and roof turbines that pull heat away. 2) A backhoe is used in early construction stages like digging foundations. Brick arches include keystones, jack arches, and Roman arches supported by temporary centering frameworks. 3) Different types of siding include wood boards, brick, limestone, and wood shingles. Codes require minimum sizes for windows and maximum heights above floors.

1. Visual Dictionary“F09shear”

2. Air Barrier PaperAir Barrier Paper is used to prevent water and air penetration into the house. In this instance, the air barrier paper is wrapped around the entire home.

3. Attic VentilationSoffit VentRoof Turbine: Helps pull heat away from the building by pulling the air away from it.Soffit Vent: vent/opening under the eave of roof to allow air flow into the attic.

4. Attic Ventilation (continued)Gable vent: opening used to exhaust excess heat from the attic.Ridge VentRidge Vent: a long open assembly along top of room that allows air to escape

5. BackhoeA backhoe is primarily used in the beginning stages of construction. It is used for things like digging foundations. The size of the bucket in this picture is 2 feet.

6. Brick ArchesKeystoneRoman ArchJack Arch

7. Brick Arches (continued)Centering: temporary framework used to construct domes and arches

8. Brick BondsEnglish garden wall: Flemish bond every fourth or fifth courseRunning Bonds: stretcher courses offset

9. Brick Bonds (continued)

10. Brick Workstretcherrowlockheadersailor

11. Brick Work (continued)Rowlock Stretcher

12. Brick SizesModularNorman3 5/8” by 2 ¼” by 7 5/8” 4 5/8” by 2 ¼” by 11 5/8”

13. BulldozerBulldozer: used to grade a site. A bulldozer is a machine that pushes dirt or any sort of land off or on a job site.

14. CladdingWood BoardsBrick

15. Cladding (continued)Limestone(travertine)Coursed ashlarWood ShinglesShingle: A small unit of water resistant material nailed in overlapping fashion to render a wall or sloping roof water tight.

16. Code RequirementsMeasurements of stairs: Tread- 11” riser- 7” nosing-3/4”Code= tread-10”min riser-7 ¾”max nosing-3/4” to 1 ¼ “-Window opening width is 27” and height is 35”= around 6.8 square feet. Code is 5.7 square feet minimum so it passes-Opening is 15” from finished floor. Code is maximum 44” above finished floor

17. Control JointControl Joint: An intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or a component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure.Control Joint

18. Isolation jointIsolation joint: A joint in the concrete that goes all the way around a column or pole. The concrete around it is usually poured at a separate time than the rest of the slab. This power pole is separated from the rest of the median.

19. Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU)12’’ block6” blockCMU: Building material that is hollowed concrete block. Meant to be laid in mortar. Standard dimensions are 8’ by 8’ by 16’ (height of modular bricks)

20. Decorative CMURibbed BlocksSplit Blocks

21. DoorsTransomsidelightTransom: small window located directly above the doorSidelight: taller, narrow window located on the side or sides of a door

22. Doors (continued)Panel DoorTop railPanelLock RailStileBottom Rail

23. Doors (continued)Flush Door

24. Electrical ComponentsMeter: measures (in Kilowatt/hour) the energy usage in a building.Power Pole Transformer is used to step down the power so that it can be used within a residence.

25. Electrical Components (continued)A panel board houses circuit breakers that divert the main power supply into different circuits and shuts of if a circuit is tripped.Duplex receptacle- grounds anything that is in need of a source of energy. It provide power to common household items and is found on most walls.

26. Electrical Components (continued)Service Head: The assembly by which electricity is conducted from outdoor lines to meter base.

27. Framing ElementsAnchor Bolt #1Floor Joist #3Sill Plate #2

28. Framing Elements (continued)Top Plate #7Stud #6Sole Plate #5Subflooring #4

29. Framing Elements (continued)Ceiling Joist #8

30. Framing Elements (continued)Rafter #9Sheathing #11#10: Roof Decking

31. Framing Elements (continued)Stringer #12

32. Front End LoaderFront end loader is used in the early stages like a backhoe, but is not meant for digging. It is used to move dirt and gravel or anything necessary. It doesn’t just push dirt like a bulldozer, it also picks it up.

33. Gypsum BoardGypsum board is gypsum in between two sheets of paper. A material used for walls and ceilings. Also known as sheet rock or drywall.

34. Heat PumpAn advantage of a heat pump is that you do not need separate heating and cooling units. A disadvantage is that it only works in mild climates.Compressor/evaporatorAir Handling Unit-The air handling unit circulates air through the house and moves the air over coils. -The compressor pressurizes and circulates refrigerant gas to produce heat or cooling in the coils.

35. InsulationBatt/Blanket InsulationInsulation: A material used that has a low conductivity to help keep heat and cold air through the structure or assembly.

36. Insulation (continued)Rigid Board InsulationLoose fill InsulationFoam Insulation

37. LintelLintel: A horizontal beam that usually supports masonry above a window or door opening. This lintel is made of concrete.

38. Mortar JointsA vee joint is tooled and this one is 3/8” thick. It is on a house and I would guess type N mortar based on the load and location.Vee Joint

39. Mortar Joints (continued)Raked Mortar JointRaked Mortar Joint is tooled. This particular one is also your typical 3/8” thick. It is located on an apartment complex. Probably type N mortar.

40. Oriented Strand BoardOSB: A type of sheathing similar to plywood. It is a nonveneered panel product, and it is strands of wood that is bonded together by pressure in specific directions. Its typical dimensions are 4’ by 8’.

41. PlumbingA lavatory is a sink and it typically uses 1-1.5” piping to drain it.Water ClosetTypical 3” piping used to drain.

42. Plumbing (continued)This plumbing vent is letting the gas from plumbing pipes escape through the roof instead of coming back into the house.Manufactured Tub

43. Plumbing (continued)Undermount Sink

44. Plywood-Plywood is a wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure. -Veneer is a thin layer or sheet.

45. Radiant BarrierRadiant Barrier: A reflective foil placed adjacent to an airspace in a roof or wall that keeps out the passage of infrared energy.Radiant Barrier

46. RebarThis is #4 rebar, meaning it is ½” in diameter. It has been placed in a concrete footing. It will be used to reinforce the concrete, the grooves/deformations are helpful because the concrete can mold to the rebar.

47. Steep Roof DrainageGutter: A channel that collects rainwater and snowmelt at the eave of a roof.Downspout: A vertical piping used to drain water from roof to lower level or ground.

48. Steep Roof Drainage (continued)Splashblock: A small piece of concrete or plastic used to divert water at bottom of the downspout.

49. Steep Roof MaterialsUnderlayment: Helps keep moisture and any penetration out of the sheathing. That is what it is doing on this home.

50. Steep Roof Materials (continued)Clay TileWood ShinglesShingle-small unit of water resistant material nailed in overlapping fashion to render a wall or sloping roof water tight.

51. Steep Roof Materials (continued)Metal Roof: This is just a metal roof fabricated of sheets of metal. Often, it is made of aluminized steel or galvanized steel.

52. Steep Roof ShapesGable Roof ShapeGambrel Roof ShapeHip Roof shape

53. Steep Roof TermsRidgeValleyValley-trough formed by the intersection of two parts of a roofRakeRake-sloping edge of a steep roofRidge-level intersection of two roof planes in a gable vent

54. Steep Roof Terms (continued)Eave: Horizontal edge of the low side of a roof. SoffitThis eave has no fascia, meaning it has no board or face to the eave.Soffit-undersurface of a horizontal element of a building, especially a roof overhang.

55. Steep Roof Terms (continued)Fascia: Exposed vertical face of an eave.

56. StoneCoursed AshlarRandom Rubble

57. Vapor RetarderVapor retarder protects moisture and is generally made of kraft (brown) paper. It is usually put on the warm winter side of the insulation.

58. WaterproofingThis is a liquid applied waterproofing technique that is applied in an effort to keep moisture completely out.

59. Weep HoleA Weep hole or wick allows water to drain from where it has seeped through the mortar. It is in this brick wall to drain water.

60. WindowsThis is an awning window because it is hinged at the top of the window.This is double hung because it has two overlapping sashes that slide vertically in tracks.

61. Windows (continued)This is an outswinging casement window because it is hinged at the side and it swings outward.