The document discusses house drainage systems. It defines key terms like wastewater, sewage, sullage, and plumbing system. It describes the principles of house drainage like gravity flow and ventilation. It explains traps, their types and qualities. Pipes are classified as soil, waste, and vent pipes. Finally, it summarizes four common plumbing systems - single stack, one pipe, single stack partially ventilated, and two pipe systems - comparing their features.
A building is provided with a drainage system to discharge effectively the sewage of the building into the public sewer. Domestic sewage from a building includes human excreta as well as discharge from the bathroom, kitchen, etc. and collected by building sewers and finally discharged into the public sewer.
Plumbing services in high rise building and group housingRohit Bhatt
As well as the comforts and luxuries of modern living Plumbing systems protect the community from disease.
Invisible organisms that swim around in a watery environment was beyond imagination until a few centuries ago, it was only in the late 19th century that scientists discovered and isolated specific microbes of particular a disease, cholera, has proven one of history’s most virulent killers.
Mankind began to understand that the evil spirits causing its woes were microscopic creatures that could be defeated by plumbers and sanitary engineers. With well designed plumbing and draining systems.
As we go about our everyday lives it is comforting to know that people’s lives are protected by having Correctly Installed and maintained Plumbing Gasfitting and Draining Systems.
The arrangemnet provided in a house or building, for collecting and conveying waste
water through drain pipes, by gravity, to join either a public sewer or a domestic
septic tank, is termed as house drainage or building drainage.
A building is provided with a drainage system to discharge effectively the sewage of the building into the public sewer. Domestic sewage from a building includes human excreta as well as discharge from the bathroom, kitchen, etc. and collected by building sewers and finally discharged into the public sewer.
Plumbing services in high rise building and group housingRohit Bhatt
As well as the comforts and luxuries of modern living Plumbing systems protect the community from disease.
Invisible organisms that swim around in a watery environment was beyond imagination until a few centuries ago, it was only in the late 19th century that scientists discovered and isolated specific microbes of particular a disease, cholera, has proven one of history’s most virulent killers.
Mankind began to understand that the evil spirits causing its woes were microscopic creatures that could be defeated by plumbers and sanitary engineers. With well designed plumbing and draining systems.
As we go about our everyday lives it is comforting to know that people’s lives are protected by having Correctly Installed and maintained Plumbing Gasfitting and Draining Systems.
The arrangemnet provided in a house or building, for collecting and conveying waste
water through drain pipes, by gravity, to join either a public sewer or a domestic
septic tank, is termed as house drainage or building drainage.
08 Building Water Supply and Sanitary Fixturesakashpadole
The presentation has prepared as per the syllabus of Mumbai University.
Go through the presentation, if you like it then share it with your friends and classmates.
Thank you :)
Building Services :Drainage, Rain Water Disposal and HarvestingSumit Ranjan
Drainage- Sub- drains, Culverts, Ditches, Gutters, Drop inlets and Catch Basins,Rain Water Disposal for individual buildings, Rain Water Harvesting with examples and illustration for 4th sem.archi. ,P.T.U
WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE SERVICE FOR BUILDINGKaran Patel
The product, delivered to the point of consumption, is called potable water if it meets the water quality standards required for human consumption.
The water in the supply network is maintained at positive pressure to ensure that water reaches all parts of the network, that a sufficient flow is available at every take-off point and to ensure that untreated water in the ground cannot enter the network. The water is typically pressurised by pumps that pump water into storage tanks constructed at the highest local point in the network. One network may have several such service reservoirs.
In small domestic systems, the water may be pressurised by a pressure vessel or even by an underground cistern (the latter however does need additional pressurizing). This eliminates the need of a water-tower or any other heightened water reserve to supply the water pressure.
These systems are usually owned and maintained by local governments, such as cities, or other public entities, but are occasionally operated by a commercial enterprise (see water privatization). Water supply networks are part of the master planning of communities, counties, and municipalities. Their planning and design requires the expertise of city planners and civil engineers, who must consider many factors, such as location, current demand, future growth, leakage, pressure, pipe size, pressure loss, fire fighting flows, etc
it is a brief introductory part of what is house drainage system , its components with their classification , types of system of plumbing aided with principles of drainage design.
- The following sanitary fitting are commonly used in buildings, for efficient collection and removal to the house 1) drain:
2) Wash basins
3) Sinks
4) Bath tubs
5) Water closets
6) Urinals
7) Flashing cisterns
ALL TYPE OF SANITARY FITTING SHOULD BE FIXED AGAINST AN EXTERNAL WALLS , SO THAT THE APARTMENT IN WHICH THEY ARE PLACED CAN BE PROVIDED WITH NATURAL LIGHT AND AIR, AND ALSO THERE WASTES CAN BE EASILY COLLECTED IN DRAIN.
LARGE SCALE INSTALLATION OF SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE SYSTEM Tushar Dholakia
LARGE SCALE INSTALLATION OF SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE SYSTEM in Chambal Command, Rajasthan - Er. C.M. Tejawat, F.I.E., P. Eng., B.E. (Ag.), M.Sc. (Land Drainage Engineering) Deputy Director (Monitoring), CAD Chambal, Kota (Raj.)
08 Building Water Supply and Sanitary Fixturesakashpadole
The presentation has prepared as per the syllabus of Mumbai University.
Go through the presentation, if you like it then share it with your friends and classmates.
Thank you :)
Building Services :Drainage, Rain Water Disposal and HarvestingSumit Ranjan
Drainage- Sub- drains, Culverts, Ditches, Gutters, Drop inlets and Catch Basins,Rain Water Disposal for individual buildings, Rain Water Harvesting with examples and illustration for 4th sem.archi. ,P.T.U
WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE SERVICE FOR BUILDINGKaran Patel
The product, delivered to the point of consumption, is called potable water if it meets the water quality standards required for human consumption.
The water in the supply network is maintained at positive pressure to ensure that water reaches all parts of the network, that a sufficient flow is available at every take-off point and to ensure that untreated water in the ground cannot enter the network. The water is typically pressurised by pumps that pump water into storage tanks constructed at the highest local point in the network. One network may have several such service reservoirs.
In small domestic systems, the water may be pressurised by a pressure vessel or even by an underground cistern (the latter however does need additional pressurizing). This eliminates the need of a water-tower or any other heightened water reserve to supply the water pressure.
These systems are usually owned and maintained by local governments, such as cities, or other public entities, but are occasionally operated by a commercial enterprise (see water privatization). Water supply networks are part of the master planning of communities, counties, and municipalities. Their planning and design requires the expertise of city planners and civil engineers, who must consider many factors, such as location, current demand, future growth, leakage, pressure, pipe size, pressure loss, fire fighting flows, etc
it is a brief introductory part of what is house drainage system , its components with their classification , types of system of plumbing aided with principles of drainage design.
- The following sanitary fitting are commonly used in buildings, for efficient collection and removal to the house 1) drain:
2) Wash basins
3) Sinks
4) Bath tubs
5) Water closets
6) Urinals
7) Flashing cisterns
ALL TYPE OF SANITARY FITTING SHOULD BE FIXED AGAINST AN EXTERNAL WALLS , SO THAT THE APARTMENT IN WHICH THEY ARE PLACED CAN BE PROVIDED WITH NATURAL LIGHT AND AIR, AND ALSO THERE WASTES CAN BE EASILY COLLECTED IN DRAIN.
LARGE SCALE INSTALLATION OF SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE SYSTEM Tushar Dholakia
LARGE SCALE INSTALLATION OF SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE SYSTEM in Chambal Command, Rajasthan - Er. C.M. Tejawat, F.I.E., P. Eng., B.E. (Ag.), M.Sc. (Land Drainage Engineering) Deputy Director (Monitoring), CAD Chambal, Kota (Raj.)
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pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
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4. Definition of Terms
Wastewater: Water when used for different purpose like domestic
commercial, industrial etc., receives impurities and become
wastewater. Thus wastewater is used water and it has physical,
chemical, and biological Impurities in it, wastewater is a general
term.
Sewage: The waste water coming from W.C. and containing
human excreta is known as sewage.
Sullage: The Wastewater coming from bathrooms and kitchens
which does not contain fecal matter is known as sullage.
Plumbing System: It is entire system of pipe line for providing
water supply to the building or it is a system of pipes for disposal
of wastewater from the building.
Sewer: A pipe carrying sewage/ wastewater is called sewer.
5. Soil Pipe: It is pipe carrying sewage from W.C.
Waste Pipe: It is a pipe carrying sulluge from bathrooms,
kitchens, sinks, wash basins, etc.
Sewerage System: A system of sewers of different types and
sizes in a town collecting wastewater from the town and carrying
it to the wastewater treatment plant.
Manhole: These are RCC/ Masonary chambers constructed at
suitable intervals along sewer lines.
Traps: Traps are defined as fittings at the end of soil pipes of
waste pipes to prevent foul gases coming out of the soil pipe/
waste pipe.
6. Principles Of House Drainage
House Drainage should be preferable laid by side of the
building to facilitate easy repair and better maintenance.
House sewer joints should be leek proof because leakage if
any shall create an odour problem and leaked wastewater
shall infilterate in the ground and shall reduce bearing
capacity of soil below foundation, which is not desirable.
The sewage or sullege should flow under the force of gravity.
The house sewer should always be straight.
The entire system should be well ventilated from start to the
end.
7. The house sewer should be connected to the manhole such that
the invert level is sufficiently higher to avoid back flow of
sewage in house sewer.
Where ever there is change in direction of sewer line in the
premises, provide inspection chamber at the junction.
Rain water from roofs or open courtyards should not be allowed
to flow through the house sewers.
Where ever there is change in direction of sewer line in the
premises, provide inspection chamber at the junction.
Rain water from roofs or open courtyards should not be allowed
to flow through the house sewers.
Siponage action can never be permitted and therefore adequate
ventilation systems should be installed.
8. Traps
Traps are defined as fittings at the end of soil
pipes of waste pipes to prevent foul gases
coming out of the soil pipe/ waste pipe
9. Traps are an integral part of a modern sanitary system,
being designed to retain a small quantity of the waste water
from the discharge of fitting to which they are attached as a
barrier to prevent foul air entering the building as shown in
Figure
Traps should be self-cleaning, that is to say , they should be
designed so that their walls are scoured by the discharging
water.
10. Qualities of good traps:
Good Traps should have following Qualities;
Should provide enough water seal ( around 50 mm)
with large surface area.
Interiors surface should be smooth so that the flow is
not obstructed which enables self cleansing.
An assess door should be provided for cleaning the trap.
It should be made of non- adsorbent material.
11. Classfication of Traps
Depending upon the shapes the traps are classified
as:
1) P-Trap
2) Q-Trap
3) S-Trap
• Above three types of traps are shown in the
following figures.
• The depth of a Trap Seal would depend upon the
usage of a pipe. The trap seal varies from 25 to 75
mm deep.
13. Based on the Use, the traps are
classified as:
1) Floor Traps (Nahni Trap)
2) Gully Traps
3) Intercepting Traps
14. Floor Trap (Nahni Trap)
This trap is generally used to admit sullege from the floors of rooms,
bathrooms, kitchen etc. in to the sullege pipe. This is provided with cast
iron or stainless steel or galvanised gratings (Jallis) at its top so that the
entry of larger matter is prevented there by chances of blockage are
reduced. A commonly used name of trap is Nahni Trap.
15. Gully Trap
A Gully trap or gully is provided at a junction of a roof drain and other
drain coming from kitchen or bathroom. As shown in figure below the
foul sullage shall enter through the side inlet which is also called as back
inlet and unfoul rain water shall enter from the top which is covered
with cast iron grating.
Gully traps may either have a P shaped or Q shaped water sealing
arrangement. The water seal is normally 50 mm to 75 mm deep.
16. Intercepting Traps
Intercepting traps is provided at junction of a house sewer and
muncipal sewer for preventing entry of foul gases of municipal sewer
in to the house drainage system. Intercepting trap is provided in the
manhole as shown in the following figure.
17. Pipe
Pipe is hollow cylinder used to conduct or transfer fluids (liquids
and gases) from one place to other place.
In house drainage system pipes may be designated depending upon the
function as shown below.
Soil Pipe: A pipe carrying human extracta
Waste Pipe: A pipe carrying sullage
Vent Pipe: It is a pipe installed to provide flow of air to or from the
drainage system or to provide circulation of air in the drainage system to
provide circulation of air in the drainage system to protect the water seal
of traps against siponage and backflow.
Antisiponage Pipe: It is the pipe which is installed to preserve the water
seal in the trap through proper ventilation
Rain water Pipe: A pipe carrying only rain water is called rain water
pipe.
18. System of Plumbing
There are four plumbing systems for house drainage:
1) Single Stack System
2) One pipe system
3) Single Stack Partially Ventilated System
4) Two Pipe system
20. Single Stack System
From the figure it is clear that only single pipe acts as soil pipe
waste pipe and ventilation pipe.
This is poorly ventilated system
It is simple system and easy to construct.
Risk of water seal breaking in the trap is high because of induced
siponage.
Waste or air of the waste pipe may be forced up due to back
pressure.
21. One Pipe System
A Separate vent pipe is provided in this system. It is clear from the
study of sketch that in comparision to single stack system:
This system is costly and difficult to construct
Ventilation is provided to sullage pipe and soil pipe too.
Arrangement of pipe work is difficult.
22. Single Stack Partially Ventilated System
Following are the features of this system.
Only water closet traps are ventilated.
Traps of baths, washbasins and kitchen are not joined with vent pipe.
This is economical system
It is required to maintain water seal of 75 mm or more.
It has simple arrangement of pipe.
23. Two Pipe System
Following are the features of this system.
Water closets, bath traps, kitchen traps and wash basin traps all are
connected to vent pipes.
Separate soil pipe and waste pipes are provided.
Two vent pipes are provided.
There are four stakes in this system
It is efficient system but costlier than other systems.