This document summarizes and compares vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets. It defines vegetarian diets as including fruits, vegetables and optionally dairy or eggs, while excluding meat. Non-vegetarian diets include meat, eggs, fish and seafood. The document discusses the nutritional content of each diet and their effects on human body systems and disease risk. It provides lists of good sources of nutrients for vegetarian diets and concludes by discussing the spiritual perspectives on diet.

1. BY
Abdiwali Ali Hassan
15/mph/ka/g/020
Bugema University
VEG Vs NON-VEG DIET

2. Overview of the presentation
 What is vegetarian diet ?
 Types of vegetarian diet ?
 What is non-vegetarian diet ?
 Use of canine teeth
 Effect on human body systems
 According to medical science
 Concept of nutrients
 Application of vegetarian diet in treatment
 Effect on panchakosha
 A spiritual perspective

3. What is vegetarian diet ?
 Vegetarian diet includes
 plant-based diets (fruits, vegetables, etc.)
with or without the inclusion of dairy
products or eggs
with the exclusion of meat

4. Types of Vegetarians
4
 Lacto-Ovo Vegetarian:
 does not eat meat and fish
 Eats dairy and egg products
 Ovo Vegetarian:
 does not eat meat, fish, and dairy products
 Eats egg products
 Lacto Vegetarian:
 does not eat meat, fish or eggs
 Eats dairy products
 Vegan:
 does not eat any animal products including meat, fish,
eggs, dairy and honey
 do not use any animal products such as silk, leather and
wool

5. Advantages of vegetarian
foods
 Easily chewable
 Easily digestible
 Vegetarian foods are cheaper
than non-vegetarian foods
 Some vegetables can be
eaten raw preventing the loss
of nutrients while cooking
 Vegetarian foods do not
contain as much fat as non-
vegetarian foods

6. What is non-vegetarian diet ?
 Anything that requires animal slaughter
 Food that is not of plant origin
 Which includes
Meat
Eggs
Fish
Sea food

7. Advantages of Non-Vegetarian
 Rich in protein of high biological value
 Vit B complex, especially B12
 Fish, especially the small varieties are a rich
source of calcium
 Egg-white is good source of protein and easily
digested

8. Use of canine teeth
 Function of canine teeth for
human beings is to tear food
 Canine teeth for a meat-
based diet
 Just because humans have
canines it doesn’t mean that
they should eat meat

9.  Humans are herbivores not a carnivores
(According to biologists and anthropologists)
(ADA) American diet association

10. Humans and animals
 Structure of jaw
 Teeth
 Digestive enzyme
 Length of intestine
 Nail

11.  According to a study
 It has been observed that the body of non-
vegetarian animals contain 10 times more amount
of hydrochloric acid than that of vegetarian ones
 Human body doesn’t have the same amount of
hydrochloric acid

12. Digestive system

13. Respiratory system

14. Excretory system

15. Musculoskeletal system

16. Nervous and endocrine system
 Correlation between Nervous system and
endocrine system on diet

17. According to the new developments
in medical sciences
 vegetarian diet is closer to and is more useful
for human nature
 It is more scientific for human body
 Because of this, people are now adopting
vegetarian diet as part of new life-style
 It is a fact that the non-vegetarian diet
contains cholesterol and saturated fatty acid

18.  These are the root cause of problems like
 Coronary heart disease
 Cerebro-vascular accidents (strokes)
 Eye diseases and high blood pressure
 In a non-vegetarian diet, only 40 % of its
content is useful for human body, rest 60 %
contains harmful and toxic products
 Non-vegetarian diet is heavy
According to the new developments in
medical sciences cont…

19. Cont…
 Disease causing organisms
 Ex- swine-flu, bird-flu
 Example, Bovine Spongi cause Encephalopathy
and mad cow disease is also a product of
consumption of non-vegetarian diet
-American Diet Association (ADA)

20. significantly important difference between
vegetarian and non-vegetarian diet
 Vegetarian diet contains dietary fibers whereas
non-vegetarian diet is lacking in it
 Have low incidence of diseases like
 Coronary heart
diseases
 Ca of intestinal tract
 Piles
 Obesity
 Diabetes
 Hiatus hernia
 Diverticulitis
 Irritable bowel
syndrome
 Dental caries
 Gallstones
 Constipation

21. Good Sources of Protein
 Beans
 Tofu
 Egg-white
 Soymilk
 Peanut butter and nuts
 Dairy products

22. Good Sources of Vitamin C
 Melons
 Citrus fruits
 Pineapple
 Strawberries
 Kiwi fruit
 Broccoli
 Peppers
 Tomatoes

23. Good Sources of Vitamin D
 Sun light
 Fortified cereals
 Fortified soy milk
 Fortified orange juice
 Egg yolks
 Cow’s milk

24. Good Sources of Vitamin B12
 soymilk
 Nutritional yeast
 Cow’s milk
 Eggs

25. Good Sources of Iron
 Bread and cereal
 Whole wheat bread and other whole grains
 Dried apricots, figs, prunes
 Leafy green vegetables
 Tomato juice
 Beans
 Nuts
 Soybeans and tofu

26. Good Sources of Zinc
 Soybeans and other beans
 Whole grains
 foods like nuts, seeds, fortified ready-to-eat
cereals
 Breads
 muffins

27. Good Sources of Calcium
 Dairy products
 Green leafy vegetables
 Calcium fortified orange juice
 Calcium-fortified soymilk

28. Good Sources of Magnesium
 grains
 whole-grain breads
 nuts and seeds
 green leafy vegetables
 Potatoes
 Beans
 Bananas
 milk

29. Good Sources of Phosphorus
 best sources are dairy foods

30. Good Sources of Potassium
 Potatoes
 green leafy
vegetables
 citrus fruits
 Bananas
 dried fruits,
 legumes such as
peas and lima beans

31. Good Sources of
Vitamin A
 Apricots
 Cantaloupe
 Mango
 Pumpkin
 Butternut squash
 Sweet potatoes
 Spinach
 Carrots

32. Good Sources of Omega-3 fatty
acids
 Flaxseeds and flaxseed oil
 Soybeans and soybean oil
 Tofu
 Walnuts and walnut oil

33. Good Sources of Iodine
 Sea salt
 Leafy vegetable
 Plant products
 Dairy product

34. Anti-oxidant theory
 Anti oxidant are the agent which stops the
oxidation process
 Oxidation is the damage caused by the free
radicles to muscle tissue, blood vessels and
organs, etc
 Ex vit C

35. Cardiovascular:
Health Benefits of Vegetarian Diets
35
 Death from ischemic heart disease lower in
vegetarians
 Heart disease lowest in vegans
 Lacto-ovo and vegans lower in blood cholesterol
 Vegetarian diets not low fat but lower in saturated
fat
 higher fiber
 higher consumption of soy protein

36. Hypertension:
Health Benefits of Vegetarian Diets
36
 Lower blood pressure (systolic and diastolic)
 Lower rates of hypertension
 Possible collective effect of beneficial compounds
from plant foods
B M Margetts, L J Beilin, R Vandongen, B K Armstrong
Vegetarian diet in hypertension: a randomised
controlled trial, BMJ,293 : 1468, December 1986

37. Cancer:
Health Benefits of Vegetarian Diets
 Vegetarians have lower overall cancer rate, not clear
what extent is due to diet
 No differences between vegetarians and
nonvegetarians for lung, breast, uterine, or stomach
cancer; nonvegetarians do have increased risk for
prostate and colorectal cancer
 Vegetarians have higher fiber intake; higher intake of
phytochemicals and isoflavones that have anticancer
effects
Reduced cancer risk in vegetarians: an analysis of recent
reports,. Lanou and Svenson. Cancer Manag Res. 2011

38. Diabetes:
Health Benefits of Vegetarian Diets
 Diets that are more plant-based reduce risk of
type II diabetes
 Lower Body Mass Index (BMI) of vegetarians and
higher fiber intake improve insulin sensitivity
David JA Jenkins., et al. Type 2 diabetes and the
vegetarian diet. Am J Clin Nutr September 2003

39. Obesity:
Health Benefits of Vegetarian Diets
 Lower Body Mass Index (BMI)
 Mean BMI highest in meat eaters and lowest in
vegans
 Vegetarians consume lower animal fat, higher
fiber, lower alcohol, greater amounts of
vegetables

40. Kidney Disease:
Health Benefits of Vegetarian Diets
 High intake of dietary protein may worsen existing
kidney disease or increase risk in those
susceptible
 Plant foods more beneficial effect on kidney
function than animal proteinChronic Kidney Disease and Automatic Reporting of Estimated
Glomerular Filtration Rate: A Position Statement,. MJA 2005

41. Gallstones:
Health Benefits of Vegetarian Diets
 Nonvegetarians more than 2x likely as
vegetarians to suffer from gallstones

42. Diverticular Disease:
Health Benefits of Vegetarian Diets
 Vegetarians 50% as likely to have diverticulitis
compared with nonvegetarians
 Low fiber, high fat diets increase risk
 Meat intake may increase risk

43. 5 layers of existence
At a physical level
•eating a non-vegetarian diet
•there is an increase in Tama component
•likely to cause various diseases
At a psychological level
•increase in the Tama component
•increase in thoughts relating to various desires
•other taamasik thoughts such as sexual thoughts, greed,
anger
At a spiritual level
• higher proportion of Sattva component in a vegetarian
diet

44. A spiritual perspective

45. --- Dr. H. R. Nagendra,

46. References
 Diet and nutrition
 By Bakharu
 Pubmed central
 Chronic Kidney Disease and Automatic Reporting of
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate: A Position
Statement,. MJA 2005
 David JA Jenkins., et al. Type 2 diabetes and the
vegetarian diet. Am J Clin Nutr September 2003
 Reduced cancer risk in vegetarians: an analysis of
recent reports,. Lanou and Svenson. Cancer Manag
Res. 2011
 B M Margetts, L J Beilin, R Vandongen, B K Armstrong
Vegetarian diet in hypertension: a randomised controlled
trial, BMJ,293 : 1468, December 1986
 www.wikipedia.com

47. THANK YOU…